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NAMES OF THE PERSONS 

WHO 

TOOK THE OATH OF ALLEGIANCE 

TO THE COLONIES. 

1778 TO 1787. 



^ iilijijji I 



.^ 





Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D. 



Memoirs and Reminiscences 

together with 

Sketches of the Early History 

Sussex County, New Jersey 

St/ Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D. 



With Notes and Genealogical Record of the 5chaeffer, 
Shaver or 5hafer Family 

Compiled b^ 
WILLIAAl Wl. JOHNSON 



Privately Printed 

Hackensacti, N. J. 
1 9 O 7 



if!. 



TWO HUNDRED AND FIFTY COPIES PRINTED 



Gift 



TABLE. OF CONTENTS 



PAGE 
Introduction -_-______ ^ 

Public Services of Casper Schaeffer _ _ _ y 

Will of Casper Shaver ------- 17 

Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D. - - - - - 20 

Memoirs and Reminiscences ------ 23 

Biographical Notices --__-__ ^7 

Nathan Armstrong --------109 

Captain Alexander C. Shaffer - - - - - iii 

Helen A. Shafer --------- 124 

General Aaron Hankinson ------ 126 

The .Old Grave Yard -------130 

Genealogical Record ------- 1-53 

Genealogical Index ------- j^-^ 

General Index --------- jgi 



ILLUSTRATIONS 



^ Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D. 

- Tombstones of Casper Schaeffer and Johan Peter 
Bernhard 

* The Shafer Homestead 

^ The Stone Mill (1844) 

■' Windemuth's Homestead, now Bonnie Brook 

^ Yellow Frame Church 

-' Old Grave Yard at Stillwater 



INTRODUCTION. 



The accompanying historical sketch was prepared in 
1855 by the Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D., of Phila- 
delphia, who was a grandson of Casper Schaeffer, one of 
the founders of Stillwater, Sussex County, New Jersey. 
It contains an interesting and authentic account of people, 
events and customs of a hundred years ago, and seems 



COMPLIMENTS OF 



WILLIAM M. JOHNSON 



who may like to have this record in a permanent and 
accessible form. The original manuscript is in the 
possession of his nephew, John S. Schaeffer, who in a 
letter on the subject says : "When driving Uncle Doctor 
over the hills of Old Sussex in quest of data and infor- 
mation, I promised him I would spell my name in the old 
German way, as he did. He also gave me the book, which 
was sent to me, and of which I have been very choice. It 
has been lent a number of times and is somewhat soiled 
from long absence from home." 

In preparing this manuscript for publication I have 
thought its value would be enhanced by addmg some 
historical notes, and especially by amplifying Casper 
Schaeffer's public record, which is rather lightly touched 



INTRODUCTION. 



The accompanying historical sketch was prepared in 
1855 by the Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D., of Phila- 
delphia, who was a grandson of Casper Schaeffer, one of 
the founders of Stillwater, Sussex County, New Jersey. 
It contains an interesting and authentic account of people, 
events and customs of a hundred years ago, and seems 
well worthy of preservation. Local historians have often 
made use of the manuscript copy, and extracts therefrom 
have been freely published, but it has never before been 
printed as a whole. As one of the descendants of Casper 
Schaeffer, the Pioneer, through my father's maternal line, 
I have found the story as told by Dr. Schaeffer an 
entertaining one, and have ventured to put it in print for 
my own satisfaction, and for the benefit of any of the 
numerous other descendants of our common ancestor, 
who may like to have this record in a permanent and 
accessible form. The original manuscript is in the 
possession of his nephew, John S. Schaeffer, who in a 
letter on the subject says : "When driving Uncle Doctor 
over the hills of Old Sussex in quest of data and infor- 
mation, I promised him I would spell my name in the old 
German way, as he did. He also gave me the book, which 
was sent to me, and of which I have been very choice. It 
has been lent a number of times and is somewhat soiled 
from long absence from home." 

In preparing this manuscript for publication I have 
thought its value would be enhanced by addmg some 
historical notes, and especially by amplifying Casper 
Schaeffer's public record, which is rather lightly touched 



INTRODUCTION. 



Upon by his grandson. I have also added a Hst of his 
descendants, in compiling which free use has been made 
of the interesting and valuable "Genealogical Record of 
the Descendants of Nathan Armstrong," published in 
1895, by William Clinton Armstrong, A. M. I am in- 
debted to Mr. Armstrong not only for permission to use 
the contents of his book, but also for valuable suggestions 
and assistance, and to my sister. Miss Laura C. Johnson, 
for her help in compiling the genealogical record. Wil- 
liam Nelson, Esq. has kindly read the proofs, and has 
rendered important aid in preparing the manuscript for 
the press. I desire to acknowledge my obligation to him 
and to others who have responded to my request for 
information. 

A word as to the spelling of the family name may not 
be inappropriate. Dr. Schaeffer, in the "Reminiscences," 
advocates the use of the spelling, "Schaeffer," which 
he had adopted. An examination of the records of a 
great number of deeds, wills and other documents shows 
that this spelling was discarded in the life time of his 
grandfather, whose name was usually written Shaver. 
The name has been spelled variously Schaeffer, Schaffer, 
Shaffer, Shaffar, Shaver, Shafer. I have examined the 
will of the Pioneer on file in the Prerogative Court at 
Trenton. It is impossible to decipher the signature, 
which is that of a very infirm man. In the body of the 
will the name is written Shaver. His sons gradually 
assumed the spelling Shafer, although they frequently 
wrote the name Shaver. Most of his descendants of that 
name now write it Shafer. 

William M. Johnson. 
Hackensack, N. J., 1907. 



THE PUBLIC SERVICES 



OF 



CASPER SCHAEFFER 



CASPER SCHAEFFER: 

A Pioneer and Revolutionary Patriot 
of Sussex County, N. J. 

His Public Services. 
By WILLIAM M. JOHNSON. 



The early part of the Eighteenth Century witnessed a 
remarkable immigration of Germans to this country. The 
condition of Germany at this time was deplorable. In- 
numerable small principalities, with unstable governments, 
were the scenes of discontent and oppression, where life 
and property were subject to heavy burdens. Wars and 
revolutions prevailed, burdensome taxes and oppressive 
personal services were exacted from the people. Vast 
numbers left their homes to endure the hardships of a long 
and weary voyage to seek a new home in strange lands 
across the Atlantic. Ship after ship sailed up the Dela- 
ware from over the seas. It is estimated that from the 
year 1700 to 1725, over 50,000 Germans reached Pennsyl- 
vania, to enrich that province with a people of industry 
and integrity, most of them thrifty and frugal, and many 
bringing with them considerable wealth with which to 
establish themselves in the new world. 

Among these there came Casper Schaeffer, who 
emigrated from the Palatinate. He is supposed to have 
come over in the ship "Queen Elizabeth," Alexander 
Hope, Master, from Rotterdam, last from Deal, England, 



lO PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 



arriving Sept. i6, 1738, at Philadelphia, where he 
remained for two or three years. About 1741 or 1742 
he went to the present site of Stillwater, then in the 
wilderness, and became an extensive landed proprietor. 
Here he set up a home, cutting off the forests and 
subduing the cleared land to the plow. He erected a 
grist-mill and saw-mill, and established other industries, 
built up a trade with distant points, and became an influ- 
ential and prosperous member of the community which he 
had founded. The "Reminiscences" of Dr. Schaeffer set 
out in vivid detail the struggles, hardships, and dangers 
from the savages, attendant on the life of a pioneer in a 
new and unsettled country. It presents to our view a 
panorama of the social customs and personal characteris- 
tics of the people of that day and neighborhood 

His grandson, however, in these "Reminiscences" says 
but little of the public life of Casper Schaeffer, the subject 
of this sketch; but there is abundant evidence of the 
important and active part he took in public affairs in the 
struggle for American liberty. He was an ardent patriot, 
and stood high in the estimation of his neighbors. We 
find that in 1775 he was a member of the County Com- 
mittee of Safety for Sussex County, and at a meeting held 
at the Court House, Newton, August 10 and 11, he 
attended as a delegate from Hardwick Township. At this 
meeting means were taken to raise by tax the County's 
quota of 10,000 pounds,! ordered by the Provincial Con- 
gress of New Jersey for the purpose of raising money to 
"purchase arms and ammunition and for other exigencies 
of the Province." Casper Schaeffer (or Shaver, as his 
name was now written), was appointed Collector of the 
* $25,000. 



PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 1 I 



County to take charge of the funds to be raised under the 
authority of the Committee of Safety. Much other busi- 
ness pertaining to the cause was transacted at this meet- 
ing, the minutes of which show that the delegates were 
filled with an ardent patriotism and an earnest purpose to 
uphold the cause of the Continental Congress. Nor were 
Mr. Schaeffer's public services limited in their activity to 
the County of Sussex. He was a delegate from that 
county to the Provincial Congress of 1776, the most im- 
portant of all of New Jersey's Provincial Congresses and 
took his seat for the first time at the session begun at 
Burlmgton, June 10, 1776. In this Congress the govern- 
ment of the Colony was virtually lodged. It enacted laws 
m the name of the Colony, and on the second of July 
adopted a state constitution, and afterwards assumed the 
title of the ''Convention of the State of New Jersey." 
Having deposed the Royal governor, it created a free and 
independent commonwealth. On June 22, 1776, it elected 
as delegates to the Continental Congress Richard Stock- 
ton, Abraham Clark, John Hart, Francis Hopkinson and 
John Witherspoon, who afterwards became signers of the 
Declaration of Independence, in pursuance of the follow- 
ing instructions : 

"The Congress empower and direct you, in the name of 
this Colony, to join with the Delegates of the other 
Colonies in Continental Congress, in the most vigorous 
measures for supporting the just rights and liberties of 
America. And, if you shall judge it necessary and ex- 
pedient for this purpose, we empower you to join with 
them in declaring the United Colonies independent of 
Great Britain, entering into a confederacy for union and 
common defence, making treaties with foreign nations 



12 PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 



for commerce and assistance, and to take such other 
measures as to them and you may appear necessary for 
these great ends, promising- to support them with the 
whole force of this Province; always observing that, 
whatever plan of confederacy you enter into, the regu- 
lating the internal police of this Province is to be reserved 
to the Colony Legislature." 

On July 2, 1776, after careful discussion of the draught 
of the Constitution of the new State, it was finally 
adopted, and continued to be the fundamental law of the 
State of New Jersey until superseded by the constitution 
of 1844. On July 17, 1776, the following resolution was 
passed : "Whereas, the Honourable Continental Congress 
have declared the United Colonies, Free and Independent 
States; We, the Deputies of New Jersey, in Provincial 
Congress assembled, do resolve and declare. That we 
will support the freedom and independence of the said 
States with our lives and fortunes, and with the whole 
force of New Jersey." This Provincial Congress sat for 
many months, and besides adopting a constitution for the 
government of the new State, enacted laws, organized the 
militia, considered a vast number of questions designed to 
promote the general welfare, and assumed all the powers 
of the State. It has been said of this Congress: "from its 
first meeting upon the 23rd of May, 1775, until its 
dissolution, a period of fifteen months, this remarkable 
assemblage of remarkable men had passed Ihrough a 
complete metamorphosis. Designed as an advisory body, 
it burst through its limitations, became declaratory, then 
directory, and finally tentatively assumed all govern- 
mental functions. For a few brief months in 1776, it was 
the Legislature, the courts and the executive of the State; 



PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 1 3 



its power was supreme, its ordinances the final expression 
of the will of the people. In its hands were life and death; 
in its meetings at New Brunswick, Trenton and Burling- 
ton, it wove the fabric of the State Constitution, gave 
vigor to the first breathings of a national life, and shaped 
more than any other representative body of Jerseymen the 
destinies of the State."^ As one of this remarkable body, 
Casper Schaeffer bore his full part in the arduous duties 
devolving upon them. 

Within a few days after the dissolution of this Provin- 
cial Congress, the first Legislature of New Jersey met, on 
August 27, 1776, at Princeton. Casper Shaver, Thomas 
Peterson and Abia Brown were members of Assembly 
from Sussex County. They took their seats on the 
thirtieth day of August, in the Assembly held in the 
College library. Casper Shaver also sat in the Assembly 
in 1777, 1778 and 1779. An examination of the minutes 
of these legislative sessions shows that he was faithful in 
his attendance at the various meetings at Princeton, 
Trenton, Burlington and Haddonfield. His vote is 
recorded on almost every question, and always in favor 
of the most vigorous and aggressive measures for carry- 
ing on the war. New Jersey at this time was overrun by 
the British army, and the Provincial Congress, and after- 
wards the legislative bodies, found it convenient and 
conducive to their safety to make frequent changes in 
their places of meeting. Hence we find them now at 
Princeton, then at Trenton or Burlington, and later on at 
Haddonfield. In view of the difficulties of travel in those 
days, over wretched roads, with but scanty public accom- 
modations, it was no small task for the delegates from 
^"New Jersey as a Colony and as a State," Lee, vol. 2, p. 119. 



14 PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 



Sussex to attend these sessions. Their service involved 
absences of many months from home and business while 
engaged in the work of legislating for the common good. 
The records show that from August, 1776, to October, 
1779, which covers the period of Mr. Schaeffer's public 
service, he was in attendance at the Congress and Legis- 
lature at least fifteen months in the aggregate. The pay 
of a member was eight shillings per day, too insignificant 
to tempt a prosperous man of afifairs to spend much time 
far away from home. Nothing but an ardent patriotism 
would justify the sacrifices involved in this service. He 
was a member of the Legislature which sat in the old 
Tavern at Haddonfield, now maintained by the State of 
New Jersey, on which there is a tablet erected by the 
Daughters of the American Revolution, bearing this 
inscription : 

WITHIN THIS BUILDING THEN A 
TAVERN-HOUSE, THE COUNCIL OF 
SAFETY FOR NEW JERSEY WAS 
ORGANIZED MARCH i8tH, 1777- 
HEREIN ALSO, IN SEPTEMBER OF 
THE SAME YEAR THE LEGISLA- 
TURE UNANIMOUSLY RESOLVED 
THAT THEREAFTER THE WORD 
"state" should be SUBSTITUTED 
FOR "colony" in all PUBLIC 
WRITS and COMMISSIONS. 
1750. * 1900. 

Tradition says that though a man of few words his 
sturdy honesty and good sense commanded the respect of 
his associates and made him influential and successful in 



PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 1 5 



his legislative work. His patriotism and the earnest 
devotion of himself and family to the American cause are 
shown by the fact that while he was diligently serving 
the Colony and State as a representative in the Provincial 
Congress and afterwards in the General Assembly, his 
three sons were serving in the military forces of the state : 
Peter, the eldest, as an officer throughout the Revolu- 
tionary War, Abraham shouldering a musket and march- 
ing to Morristown in aid of Washington, and Isaac, a 
mere boy, taking an important command as captain and 
conductor of a team brigade. 

The public services and private activities of Casper 
Schaeffer mark him as a man of more than ordinary 
distinction. These "Reminiscences" tell the story of his 
energy and enterprise in opening and developing the 
resources of a new country. They show the busy and 
successful man of affairs establishing industries and 
building up a flourishing trade with distant points. It is 
clear from the narrative that our pioneer was a man of 
unusual endowment and force of character. Governed 
by strong religious convictions, his influence was most 
salutary and left a powerful impress on his family and on 
the community in which he dwelt. He presents an 
inspiring example of lofty patriotism, of civic virtue, of 
earnest, useful and successful activities, inspired and 
regulated by the principles of religion. His will, which 
was made during his last sickness, illustrates his public 
spirit by the bequests therein for charitable and pious 
uses, for the benefit of the church and school house; such 
bequests being less common in those days than in modern 
times. He and his wife are buried in the old graveyard 
at Stillwater, near the graves of his father-in-law, Johan 



l6 PUBLIC SERVICES OF CASPER SCHAEFFER. 



Peter Bernhardt, and his family. The following inscrip- 
tion appears upon his headstone : 

C S. 

In memory of 

Casper Shaver, who 

departed this life Dec. 

the 7th, 1784, in the 72 

year of his age. 



02 




WILL OF CASPER SHAVER. 

In the name of God, Amen, I, Casper Shaver, of Upper Hardwick, 
in the county of Sussex, in the Province of New Jersey, Yeoman, 
being sick and in a low state of health but of perfect understanding, 
mind and memory, and considering the uncertain continuance of my 
life and the many dangers and accidents it is liable to. and being 
desirous to leave the small estate which God has been pleased to 
bless me with, in my family with as much peace and union as may 
be, and that I may have no cares of this world to entangle me at my 
going out of it, I do make this my last will and testament in manner 
as followeth, viz : and first, I resign my soul to the most Merciful 
God that made it in hopes thro' the alone merits of my blessed 
Lord and Saviour Jesus Christ to have a joyful resurrection to life 
eternal in heaven. And my body I commit to the grave to be 
decently buried at the discretion of my executors hereinafter named. 
And as for my temporal goods 1 give, devise and dispose of as 
follows. 

First. I give unto my beloved wife Catherine her choice of any 
two rooms on the lower floor in the house where I now live. Also 
the choice of two rooms above, and as much beds and bedding and 
household furniture as she shall think necessary for her use. Also 
one riding horse or mare, side saddle, and two cows and to be kept 
on the place she now lives on at the expense of said place as they 
keep their own. It is my will and order that my loving wife have 
also after my decease the privileges of the orchards to use as much 
apples as she stands in need of at her discretion. And my son or 
sons to make her as much cider as she wants for her own use. and 
as much of the garden as sKe"^all think necessary. 

I also order my said three sons Peter, Abraham and Isaac to pay 
out of my estate each of them annually, yearly and every year, the 
sum of twelve pounds in gold or silver during her widowhood or 
bearing my name, or if she should see cause to alter her condition 
after my decease she must be denied all the aforesaid privileges. 
But in case my said widow should see cause to alter her condition 
and marry I do order she be paid yearly and every year, four pounds 
money as aforesaid a piece by my three sons for her support during 
her life.^ And to have one bed and furniture sufficient for said bed 
and cupboard, one chest of drawers and kitchen furniture, and at 
her decease all the aforesaid chests and furniture to return to my 
aforesaid three sons. 

I give and bequeath unto my daughter Margaret A. Roy a certain 
tract of land lying on the South side of the Road leading from 
Sussex Court House to East Town purchased from John Corson 
containing one hundred and sixty-eis?ht acres. 

I also order my three sons, Peter, Abraham and Isaac to pay unto 
my aforesaid daughter Margaret after my decease, the sum of Fifty- 

1 That is, $10 by each, or $30 in all. 

[2 



1 8 WILL OF CASPER SHAVER. 



seven pounds within one year after my decease to be equally paid by 
them that is to say, nineteen pounds apiece money as aforesaid. It 
is my will that my executors pay out of my estate in the first place 
the several sums of money or legacies respectivelv, that as follows 
to my son Abraham's son Casper, the sum of Twenty pounds in 
gold or silver. Also the sum of Forty pounds money aforesaid unto 
Mary Caroline Roy. Also twenty pounds money as aforesaid unto 
Catrin Shaver daughter of my son Peter Shaver money as aforesaid. 
Also twenty pounds to Mary Shaver daughter of Abraham Shaver 
money as aforesaid. All which said sums I order to be paid to those 
my grand-children by my executors when they come of age. It is 
also my will that if any of said children should die before they come 
of age' their part of said legacies be equally divided amongst my 
heirs. 

I do also give and bequeath for a charitable and pious use the 
sums of money as followeth : 

Fourteen pounds'* I give and bequeath unto the Dutch Meeting 
House to be on interest, and said interest annually to repair the 
breaches of the aforesaid house. It is also my desire that the frame 
school house built near the aforesaid Dutch Meeting House for the 
use of both Dutch and English learning be finished by the aforesaid 
estate and assistance of the neighbors. Said money for said houses 
to be paid out of my moveable estate and said school house to be 
kept in repair by said estate twenty-five years, accidents of fire ex- 
cepted. 

It is my will and order that after my decease the remainder of my 
real estate consisting of both lands and mills be equally divided 
amongst my three sons Peter, Abraham and Isaac, according to 
quantity and quality as they can agree when all debts and lawful 
demands are discharged according to this my last will and testa- 
ment, to them and their heirs forever. 

It is also my will and order that my moveable estate be equally 
divided between my son Peter, Abraham, Isaac and my daughter 
Margaret to them and their heirs forever. 

Lastly I make, constitute and appoint my three sons Peter, 
Abraham and Isaac, Executors of this my last will and testament. 

In Witness Whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 
nineteenth day of November, in the year of our Lord one thousand 
seven hundred and eighty-four. 

CASPER SHAVER. (L. S.) 

Signed, Sealed, Published and Declared by the Testator to be his 
Last Will and Testament in the presence of us who have in the 
Testator's presence and at his request hereunto set our names. 

Isaac Pettit, 

Thomas Hunt, 

Wm. Hankinson. 

N. B. The riding horse or mare and cows within mentioned it is 
my will my wife shall have during her life. 

2 That is. $35. 



WILL OF CASPER SHAVER, 1 9 



Thomas Hunt and William Hankinson two of the witnesses to 
the foregoing will being duly sworn according to law did severally 
depose and say that they saw Casper Shaver the Testator therein 
named sign and seal the same and heard him publish, pronounce and 
declare the foregoing writing to be his last will and testament; and 
that at the doing thereof the said testator was of sound and dis- 
posing mind and memory as far as these deponents know and as 
they verily believe and that Isaac Pettit the other subscribing witness 
was present at the same time and signed his name as a witness to the 
said will together with these deponents in the presence of the said 
Testator. 

Wm. Hankinson. 

Sworn at Newton the 6th December, 1786, before me. 

Thomas Anderson, Surrogate. 

The foregoing Will being proved Probate was granted by His 
Excellency William Livingston Esqr. unto Peter B. Shaver, Abra- 
ham Shaver, Isaac Shaver, Executors in the said will named they 
being first duly sworn well and truly to perform the same, exhibit 
a true and perfect inventory and render a just and true account 
when thereunto lawfully required. Given under the Prerogative Seal 
the day and year above said. 

BowES Reed, Regr. 

Recorded in Liber 28 of Wills, page 460. 



REV. CASPER SCHAEFFER, M. D. 



Casper Schaeffer, the son of Col. Abraham and Sarah 
(Armstrong) Shafer, was born at Stillwater, N. J., June 
lo, 1784. His boyhood was spent at Stillwater, attending 
the school in the neighborhood. He subsequently went 
to the famous classical school of Rev. Dr. Finley at 
Baskingridge. In 1809 he was a student of medicine in 
the University at Philadelphia. He commenced the 
practice of his profession in that city, and it is said built 
up quite an extensive practice. His first marriage was on 
May 17, 1 8 10, with Clarissa Golden, who died in 18 16, 
their children dying in infancy. In 1818 he married Mrs. 
Sarah Hahn, by whom he had a number of children (see 
Genealogical Record). His thoughts turning toward the 
ministry we find that in 1823, at the age of thirty-nine, he 
was a student in the Theological Seminary at Princeton, 
where he spent one year. He was licensed to preach by 
the Presbytery of Philadelphia, April 23, 1824, and was 
dismissed to the Classis of Philadelphia (German 
Reformed), April 17, 1827. There is no record of his 
ever having been installed as pastor, but he continued to 
preach until owing to an affection of the throat he was 
compelled to give up clerical labors, and resumed the 
work of a practicing physician. He, however, failed to 
regain as extensive a practice as he had enjoyed before 
entering the Seminary. At the time of his death he was 
a member and officer of the First German Reformed 
Church of Philadelphia, and late in life preached there 
occasionally in the absence of the pastor. His scholarly 
attainments are shown by the fact that he taught his two 
younger daughters Hebrew when they were quite young. 



REV. CASPER SCHAEFFER, M. D. 21 

He frequently visited Stillwater, for which he always 
maintained the liveliest interest and affection. In the 
latter years of his life he spent considerable time collect- 
ing data for the Reminiscences of the Schaeffer Family, 
which he completed in 1855. His nephew, John S. 
Schaeffer, states : 

"It was the custom of my uncle to visit my father, who 
owned the house, farm and mill jointly with my uncle 
Finley. This land was a portion of the original tract 
purchased from the London Company, whose charter was 
given by King George of England. During these visits 
he was always seeking information about his ancestors, 
and looking for relics, one of which was the old German 
Bible, which he finally traced to a German family by the 
name of Krouse. The Bible afterwards went into the 
hands of Halstead Shafer. In personal matters he was 
very precise in his manner and neat in dress. It was the 
custom to have all gathered in the parlor, after breakfast, 
for morning prayers ; and before kneeling, it was his habit 
to spread his colored silk handkerchief on the floor to 
kneel upon. His neck-wear was a three-cornered silk 
handkerchief on a stock, which was worn in those days. 
He was extremely fond of fruit, and particularly of purple 
raspberries, of which there was an abundance. In stature 
he was tall and very erect. He had very thin hair, and 
was of ministerial appearance, very reserved and precise 
in his manner." 

His death, which was sudden, was due to heart trouble, 
and occurred Aug. 3, 1857. His grave is in the Laurel 
Hill Cemetery, Philadelphia.^ 

^ I am indebted to E. Augustus Miller, Esq., of Philadelphia, for 
the picture of Dr. Schaeffer, his grandfather. 



MEMOIRS and REMINISCENCES 

OF MY ANCESTORS AND RELATIVES, 

TOGETHER WITH SKETCHES OF THE EARLY 
HISTORY OF MY NATIVE COUNTY. 

By the REV. CASPER SCHAEFFER, M. D. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



I have long been desirous of knowing more of the early 
history of my ancestors than I am in possession of, con- 
sequently I have for the last two or three years been 
making anxious inquiry from every probable source of 
information to obtain light on these interesting subjects. 
But I find, much to my regret, that there are few persons 
remaining who are able to add much to the small stock of 
materials now in my possession. Almost all those who 
could have given the desired information have passed ofif 
the stage. 

My parents, not deeming it of sufficient importance to 
sit down and give a detail of historical facts and events, 
and giddy youth not appreciating its value, neglected to 
make the requisite records; hence I am left to my own 
scanty resources, reminiscences of facts and anecdotes 
incidentally gathered up from casual remarks and obser- 
vations of my parents and others. These facts and 
incidents thus obtained, and treasured up on the tablets of 
memory, I now proceed to put upon record, and endeavor 
thus to rescue them as interesting relics from oblivion, for 
my own satisfaction as well as that of my friends and 
relatives. 

First, then, I shall begin with my paternal ancestry, as 
being first in the order of time. 

My great-grandfather, Johan Peter Bernhard, came 
to this country, leaving Germany in 1730; coming by way 
of London, and finding the season advanced and the 
weather unpropitious, he tarried there for the winter, 
during which time his youngest daughter was born. In 



26 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

the following year, 1731,^ he arrived with his wife and 
three daughters in Philadelphia, and settled a few miles 
from the city, near Germantown or Whitemarsh, and 
engaged in agriculture and sending produce to the market. 
How long he continued to reside in this situation is 
uncertain — probably some ten years, after which he re- 
moved with his family over into New Jersey, and settled 
on the "Tehoenetcong" or Paulinskill, at or near the 
present site of Stillwater, many years before the County 
of Sussex was set off from that of Morris, of which it was 
originally a part. In this vicinity, it seems, the old gentle- 
man purchased three farms, one for each daughter. 
Whether Mr. Bernhard or Grandfather Schaeffer first led 
the way to Stillwater, or whether they came together, I 
have no means of ascertaining. I am rather inclined to 
think, however, that my grandfather came first, as will 
appear more probable from what is to follow. There 
seems to be some obscurity in the thread of their history 
about this period. Here the old gentleman, after bestow- 
ing his two eldest daughters in marriage, one to Grand- 
father Schaeffer, the other to "Old Uncle Wintermute," 

^ Rupp, in his "Collection of upwards of 30,000 Names of German, 
etc. Immigrants into Pennsylvania," gives the following entries, 
inter alia: 

Sept. 16, 1738. Palatines imported in the Ship "Queen Elizabeth," 
Alexander Hope, Master, from Rotterdam, last from Deal, England, 
in all 300, Casper Scheffer. 

Sept. 3, 1739. Palatines imported in ship "Robert & Alice," Walter 
Goodman, Commander, from Rotterdam, last from Deal, C.\sper 
Shever. 

Sept. 14, 1741. Palatines imported in the ship "St. Mark." Wilson, 
Master, from Rotterdam, last from Cowes, Johan Peter Bern hart. 

It will be observed that the date of Johan Peter Bernhart's migra- 
tion to this country does not correspond with the date on his 
tombstone, where it is given as 1731. The latter date was inscribed 
after his death, how long no one knows, and doubtless from memory. 
while Rupp's arrivals are arranged chronologically from the original 
records, and would therefore seem more likely to be correct. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 2/ 

Spent the remainder of his days, closing- his life on the 
28th of August, 1748, seventeen years after his arrival in 
America. His body was the first one interred in the 
German burial ground at Stillwater. I presume that my 
grandfather did not arrive in this country (America) at 
quite so early a period as Grandfather Bernhard, and that 
probably an acquaintance existed between the parties in 
Germany before coming to America. 

The youngest daughter of Mr. Bernhard, about the 
year 1760 married a gentleman by the name of Arrison, a 
widower and a native of Holland, who by his two wives 
was blessed with a numerous offspring — each one pre- 
senting him with eight children. He in process of time 
removed with his family to Shamokin near Sunbury, Pa., 
from whence, after residing there a number of years, they 
were driven away by the Indians in the time of the Revo- 
lutionary War, and fled back to Sussex, losing nearly all 
their property, both lands and effects. The old gentleman 
did not long survive this catastrophe. I well remember 
four of his children, who, it will be borne in mind, were 
own cousins to my father : two sons and two daughters, 
Jeptha and John, Polly and Susan. Jeptha lived and 
raised a family in New Jersey, first residing near Still- 
water many years; afterward some years at Flemington 
in Hunterdon Co. ; at a later period of his life he removed 
with his family to the state of Ohio, where he subse- 
quently died. Some of his children are still residing on 
his premises there and in the vicinity. Mr. Arrison was 
a man of sterling piety and excellent character. He was 
a mill-wright by trcde, but latterly pursued agriculture. 

John at an early day followed his trade of blacksmith 
at Stillwater; but subsequently, about the year 1793 or 4, 



2 8 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

he went to Philadelphia and engaged in the grocery 
business in partnership with a man by the name of Fulton. 
About the year 1795 or 6, he married a widow by the 
name of Martha Graham, the daughter of a Mr. Fox of 
Philadelphia, by whom he raised a family of children, 
most of whom are still residing here. As to his religious 
character, he at one period held rather skeptical views of 
divine revelation. But subsequently, after having ex- 
perienced a diversity of fortune and buffeting the adversi- 
ties of life, he made a goodly profession of religion, and 
closed his earthly pilgrimage in the hope of the Gospel. 
He died Jan. 22nd, 1828, aged 62 years. 

Mrs. Arrison survived her husband many years. She 
enjoyed in her youthful days an intimate acquaintance 
with the celebrated Mrs. Madison, who subsequently 
became the wife of the late President Madison. Mrs. 
Arrison died in 1837. in the 70th year of her age. Sukey 
or Susanna Arrison at my earliest remembrance married 
William Lauterman, who was my father's first miller at 
Stillwater for many years. They afterwards removed to 
what was the Redstone country, near Pittsburg. Polly, 
who was, I believe, the oldest of the family, was a lady of 
rather superior mental endowments, of fine tastes and 
exemplary piety. She, at an age somewhat past the 
bloom of life, married a respectable gentleman from 
Ireland, by the name of Graham, who was one of my 
school teachers in my youth. They afterwards removed 
to Virginia, where they resided many years, and I think 
ended their days. I had the pleasure of meeting in this 
city a very intelligent elderly lady from Lancaster by the 
name of Pancoast, who is the only child of Mr. and Mrs. 
Graham, from whom I derived several important items 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 29 



of the above information relating to her and my ancestry. 
I have no means at hand of ascertaining the precise 
time of my grandfather's arrival in this country. 
•Whether he accompanied grandfather Bernhard, whether 
he preceded him, or came shortly after his coming, there 
is no absolute certainty. There is reason, however, to 
suppose that not only he, but "Old Uncle Wintermute" 
also came over in company with or shortly after his 
arrival. Whether they were married to the old gentle- 
man's daughters before coming to this country is also 
uncertain. The strong presumption is, however, that the 
parties were acquainted with each other while yet in 
Germany. This fact is, I believe, well ascertained, viz : 
that they all arrived in Philadelphia. I suppose my 
grandfather was the first to go to New Jersey, as I have 
understood from my father that while in Philadelphia he 
purchased land in Stillwater, of a landed proprietor by the 
name of Cowell, residing in Philadelphia. ^ He settled 

* Perhaps the purchase was from Ebenezer Cowell, of Trenton, a 
surveyor, and connected with the West Jersey Council of Pro- 
prietors. 

Casper Bernhardt Shafer of Washing-ton, D. C, has in his posses- 
sion an original parchment deed dated May 23, 1763, made by the 
Trustees of the Pennsylvania Land Company in London by their 
attorneys in fact, to Caspar Shaffer of the Township of Hardwick, 
County of Sussex, and Western Division of the Province of New 
Jersey. The deed is recorded in the Secretary's office in Burlington 
in Book X of Deeds, fol. 316, and conveys lands in the township of 
Hardwick, the same having been sold at auction in the city of 
Philadelphia, Oct. 23, 1761, to said Caspar Shaffer, and described as 
follows : 

Beginning at a black oak tree standing by a small run of water, 
for a corner, thence along one of the outside lines of the whole tract 
and by land of the said Caspar Shaffer south 66 degrees East, 65 
chains to a white oak tree ; thence by the same South 49 degrees 
West, 74 chains to a white oak tree ; thence by land of Jacob Dot- 
terer South 28 degrees West, 66 chains to a heap of stones ; thence 
by land of Adam Kunekle, North 25 degrees West, 83 chains and 50 
links, to a black oak standing in one of the old lines ; thence by the 



30 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



down at Stillwater about the year 1741 or 42 in the 
wilderness surrounded by the Indians. His first habita- 
tion was a rude log cabin built at the foot of the hill, near 
the brook, a few rods west of the present tannery, over 
and around a large stump, which, being smoothed off on 
the top, served as their first table. 

His next object was to clear and prepare the land for 
raising a crop of grain. The crop once secured, the next 
thing was to devise means to prepare it for food, and to 
this end he set about erecting a small mill on the Paulin- 
skill. To create a water power, he threw a low dam of 
cobble stones, filled in with gravel, across the stream. He 
then proceeded to drive in the ground, at the west end of 
the dam, piles, over which he erected his log mill super- 
structure; and having water wheel, gearing and other 
suitable appliances, and introducing his three-foot run of 
stones, it was now ready for business. Its dimensions 
being small, its execution was on a corresponding scale, 
from three to five bushels being the ordinary quantity it 
would grind in a day. Yet moderate as was this per- 
formance, it answered the demands of the sparsely settled 
country for many miles around. This was probably the 
first mill erected in all the County of Sussex. I have 
many times in my youth seen the remains of the piles on 
which the old mill was built. 

same North 64 degrees East, 43 chains to a white oak tree; thence 
along the same North 36 degrees East, 46 chains to the place of 
beginning. Containing 628 acres of land strict measure. 

By a reference in a deed from Catharine Nixon to Abraham 
Shaver, dated Dec. 27, 1784, recorded in the Sussex County Clerk's 
office. Liber O of Deeds, page 46, it appears that John Reading and 
Samuel Green conveyed to Casper Shaver by deed dated June 17, 
1746, recorded in Book X of Deeds page 320 (Secretary's Office, 
Burlington), a tract of 150 acres, adjoining Casper Shaver's mill dam 
on the south side of the Kill. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 3 I 



About this time the old gentleman planted an apple 
orchard on the low alluvial ground between his dwelling 
and the kill, the trees in which grew to a majestic size, 
some of them attaining to over three feet in diameter at 
the butt. Another orchard was subsequently planted by 
him on the higher ground at the rear of his dwelling. 
After enlarging his clearance, and extending the culture 
of his farm, the next object that engaged the attention of 
my grandfather was the erection of a comparatively large 
two storied stone mansion on the top of the hill at the foot 
of which the first rude habitation was built. I suppose 
the time when the stone house was built was a little before 
the middle of the last century. The style of the building 
was real German, of the old fashion ; a large entry or hall 
on the left as you enter, a large stove room on the right, 
with immense stack of chimneys in the center, with large 
open fireplace in the entry. The stove room was originally 
heated by a five-plate stove, walled into the back of the 
large fireplace, the body of it projecting into the stove 
room and its mouth opening into the entry fireplace, into 
which the wood was put, and the fire kindled. Subse- 
quently the room was heated by a ten-plate stove, with a 
pipe leading into the chimney in a more modern style. I 
recollect often in my youth to have seen his little 6 by 8 
feet stove room, situated in the left hand corner of the 
wide entry of the old stone mansion house. 

About the year 1764 the second mill was built, on the 
site of the present one, having a head race about a quarter 
of a mile long, and twenty-five or thirty feet wide, by 
which a greater fall and water power were obtained. 
This mill, though not large, was a great advance upon the 
former one, containing two run of stones, with bolts and 



32 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

other appurtenances, rendering it much more efficient and 
better adapted to meet the wants of the more advanced 
state of society. Connected with this estabhshment there 
was also a sawmill and oil-mill. This grist mill was 
rebuilt in 1796-97, upon a larger scale than its prede- 
cessor; containing three run of stones, with machinery to 
hoist the grain from the wagon up into the second and 
third stories. 

The operations of this mill I superintended for five 
years, from 1798 to 1803, when I left home to attend the 
grammar school of Rev. Dr. Finley at Baskingridge. 
This last mill was burnt down a few years ago, in place 
of which the present much improved one was speedily 
erected. It is a matter of much interest to contemplate 
the progress of improvement in point of convenience and 
efficiency, between the old mill of 1764 and the present 
one. In the former every bushel of grain must be borne 
on the miller's shoulder up a heavy out-side flight of stairs 
into the second story, and when manufactured must be 
shouldered out again into the wagon or on the horse's 
back; whereas in the present mill the grain is taken from 
the wagon by machinery up into the second or third story, 
where it is cleaned, conveyed into the hopper, ground, 
elevated, again bolted, packed in barrels or sacks and slid 
down into the wagon from the second story, and all this 
with comparatively little manual labor. Also with the 
same water power it can perform three times as much 
work as the old mill, and that of a better quality. 

At an early day, some time prior to the Revolution, and 
before any mill-dams were erected on the Paulinskill, my 
grandfather's attention was drawn to the navigation of 
the same, and by careful explorations he became satisfied 




Stone Mill, erected 1844. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 33 

that during the spring freshets a boat of suitable size and 
structure might be safely floated down the stream to the 
Delaware river. Accordingly, having a boat of suitable 
size and form constructed, he successfully navigated the 
stream, carrying flour and other produce down to the 
Philadelphia market, and in return receiving such goods 
as the wants of the country in its primitive state seemed 
to demand. Thus he commenced in a small way, increas- 
ing gradually as the advanced civilization and growing 
wants of the country seemed to call for. His operations 
in this way were at this period necessarily small. 

Subsequently, but yet at an early day, having learned 
from the Indians of the existence of a town away far to 
the south east, called by them Lispatone,i he journeyed in 
that direction some fifty miles over the mountains and 
through the almost trackless wilderness, until he finally 
arrived at the veritable town, bearing the royal name of 
"the good Queen Bess" of revered memory, where he 
commenced trading in his small way. And thus he was 
the pioneer in opening a profitable and important com- 
mercial intercourse between the south eastern sea-board. 
and that part of New Jersey, which has continued 
mightily to increase and expand with the growing popu- 
lation and civilization of the country, and is now as yet 
only in its infancy. Commercial intercourse at that early 
period, and for many years afterwards, was divided 
between Philadelphia and New York, but latterly, for that 
part of the country, it concentrates principally in the 
latter city. 

During the "Old French War" of 1754-5 the people of 

^ Elizabeth-Town. 
[3 



34 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



the Colonies were very much annoyed, and their lives 
often put in jeopardy, by the hostility of the savages, who, 
being in league with the French, were induced to take up 
arms against the Colonies. And no part of the land, 
however obscure, escaped their cruel visitations. As a 
precautionary measure in these circumstances, my grand- 
father had his house surrounded with a stockade or 
fortification of sufficient strength to resist the hostile 
attacks of the Indians, into which the neighbors, upon any 
threatening demonstration of the savage foe, would flee 
for shelter and safety. 

As an illustration of the trying scenes to w^hich they 
were frequently exposed in those troublesome times, I 
have heard my father relate the following anecdote, viz : 
that on a certain night, when the savages showed an 
unusually threatening aspect, yelling and whooping 
around the house as if preparing for an immediate attack, 
my grandfather, being at the time alone with his family, 
fastened the house and started to run across the fields to 
his brother-in-law Wintermute's to procure help, but 
finding himself hotly pursued by one of the enemy, and 
likely to be overtaken by his more fleet adversary, he 
turned upon him, and being an athletic man, seized, threw 
and with his garters tied the Indian hand and foot, leaving 
him prostrate while he pursued his way and procured the 
desired assistance. This state of alarm and distress con- 
tinued until the cessation of hostilities between France 
and England, which occurred some years later and was 
ratified by the treaty of Paris, Nov. 3, 1762.^ 



^The preliminaries were signed November 3, 1762, as stated above. 
The definitive treaty, known as the Peace of Paris, was concluded 
February lo, 1763. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 35 



Another anecdote I have heard my father relate, going 
to ilkistrate the same point, tho' I beheve the occurrence 
took place in time of the Revolutionary War. It was as 
follows : A Mr. Depew, a respectable gentleman living 
near the Delaware River, on the other side of the Blue 
Mountains, being assailed by a party of Indians who broke 
into his house at midnight with murderous intent, and he 
being aroused from his slumbers, seized his loaded gun 
and leveled it at the foremost aggressor, who, realizing 
his danger, uttered the peculiar Indian exclamation 
"Ugh," dodged away and fled. So acted the next, and 
another and another. And thus by his great prudence and 
presence of mind, without firing his gun, he succeeded in 
driving the whole gang from his dwelling, and saved him- 
self and family from the tomahawk and scalping knife.^ 

I would here remark that before any mill dams were 
erected to obstruct their ascent, shad were caught in the 
Paulinskill, their size exceeding those brought to the 
Philadelphia market. The largest and fattest shad I ever 
saw were caught in the Delaware river on the opposite 
side of the mountain from Stillwater. The principal fish 
now taken in the kill are pikes, chubs, catfish, suckers and 
eels. 

I suppose the first mills erected on the Paulinskill below 
Stillwater, were those of my Uncle Peter B. ShaefTer at 
Fall Mills, five miles lower down the stream, who com- 
menced operations there about the close of the Revolu- 



^This incident is related by Benjamin B. Edsall, in his historical 
address at the centennial anniversary of Sussex County, in 1853. 
The speaker evidently had the use of Dr. Schaeffer's manuscript, 
which he quotes almost literally. He, however, ascribes the Depew 
occurrence to the period of the Indian incursion in 1755. As to this 
invasion see N. J. Archives, VIII., Part II., passim ; XVI., 560-585 ; 

XIX., 552-579. 



36 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

tionary War. The principal thing which drew my uncle's 
attention to the place, was the excellent water-power, of 
about ten-foot fall; otherwise, the locality as a place of 
residence had few attractions. The place, to the eye of the 
observer, presents a particularly wild and picturesque 
aspect. The stream for two miles above and below is 
flanked on either side by lofty precipitous hills, from two 
to three hundred feet high. The mill, a large four- 
storied frame building, containing three run of stone, is 
jutted down close under the bluff of the hill, which rises 
at an angle of more than 45 degrees, to an altitude of more 
than one hundred feet. The large stone mansion perched 
above the brow of the hill overlooks the mill and stream 
below, no parapet wall or defence of any kind intervening 
to prevent a frightful descent of horse and carriage, etc. 
The great road which passes between the house and the 
edge of the precipice leads you on with your vehicle in a 
westwardly direction for about one or two hundred yards ; 
you then make a short turn about to the left, descending 
at pretty rapid grade easterly along the dug road until 
you are landed at the bottom of the hill upon an area of 
some extent, which, being excavated out of the bottom of 
the hill, gradually slopes down to the edge of the mill 
pond. A large thick stone wall on the north and east sides 
of the area guards it from an avalanche of the hill. You 
now, in continuing your course, turn a little to the right 
and descend on the sloping plateau nearly to the brink of 
the water. You then form a complete circle to the left 
about, and taking a westwardly course in front of the grist 
and sawmill, you strike into the lower road, which passes 
the one by which you just descended the hill at an acute 
angle leaving it to the right. And now, continuing on for 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 37 

about two hundred yards down the stream along the foot 
of the hill, you turn short to the left and pass over the 
bridge that spans the kill. The appearance of this place in 
its primitive, uncultivated state must have been singu- 
larly wild and forbidding; and the undertaking and ac- 
complishment of the work effected here proves that my 
uncle possessed a more than ordinary degree of moral 
courage, enterprise and perseverance, especially consider- 
ing the state of the country at the time when the work was 
executed. On a recent visit to the place, I was surprised 
and pained to see how much the premises had suffered 
for want of care, especially about the mill. The high 
stone wall against the hill, for instance, had disappeared 
entirely, not to speak of other marks of decay. 

The Marksboro mill, also romantically situated, was 
built at a somewhat later period by the late Hon. Mark 
Thomson, who represented the district of Morris and 
Sussex in the U. S. Congress for one or two terms during 
the administration of Washington. ^ This mill is situated 
about two miles up the stream from Fall Mills. 

The late Judge Armstrong, about the year 1 790, erected 
a forge on the Paulinskill about two miles below Fall 
Mills for the purpose of making refined bar-iron from pig 
metal. I suppose it to have been the first establishment of 

^The records of the Adjutant General's office, Trenton, show that 
Mark Thomson was commissioned Lieutenant Colonel, First Regi- 
ment, Sussex County, New Jersey Militia, July 22, 1775 ; Lieutenant 
Colonel, Colonel Charles Stewart's Battalion of Minute-Men, 
February 15, 1776; Colonel, First Regiment, Sussex County, New 
Jersey Militia, July 10, 1776; Colonel, Battalion of Detached New 
Jersey Militia, July 18, 1776; resigned, date unknown — during the 
Revolutionary War. Lieutenant Colonel and Aide-de-Camp, Staff 
of Governor Richard Howell of New Jersey, June 10, 1793. Died, 
Marksboro, Sussex County, New Jersey, December 14, 1803. 

He was one of the five Representatives from New Jersey, in the 
fourth and fifth Congresses, 1795-1799. 



38 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



the kind in the country. This concern, owing principally 
to heavy transportation, was a very expensive one, he hav- 
ing to cart his pig metal twelve or fifteen miles over the 
mountain from Oxford furnace, and his charcoal several 
miles over the hills in the vicinity of the Blue Mountains, 
besides having to convey his manufactured iron to a 
distant market. The forge was continued some 12 or 15 
years, when it gave place to a grist mill erected by the 
Judge upon the opposite side of the stream. The name 
of the place is Paulina. 

I will here just allude, in passing, to a geological 
feature of the region around Stillwater. The valley of the 
Paulinskill for miles above and below Stillwater, is of 
limestone formation of a mile or more in width, bordered 
on each side by a slatey soil, which on the side northward 
extends to the Blue Mountains ; the country rising in that 
direction hill above hill, attaining an altitude of several 
hundred feet before it reaches the foot of the mountain. 
The slatey soil in all that mountain district is intermixed 
with an abundant supply of granite boulders and cobble 
stones capable of being formed into solid and permanent 
stone fence. Their decomposition also, which they 
naturally undergo by ploughing and exposure to frost, 
air and rain, produces good soil. This region, though 
rugged, is capable by good husbandry of yielding 
abundantly of the cereals, roots and fruits. The situa- 
tion being elevated the fruit is less liable to be injured by 
frost than in the low ground of Stillwater. On the 
opposite side of the kill, the limestone deposits extend for 
about three-quarters of a mile. Then commences the slate 
region which stretches for several miles to another lime- 
stone formation. Within about half a mile to the north- 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 39 



west of Stillwater lies the Catfish Pond, in the midst of 
surrounding- limestone hills, containing an inexhaustible 
deposit of white shell marl, which in dry seasons is very- 
accessible, and is well known as an invaluable fertilizer of 
the soil. There is also a similar deposit in Esquire 
Merckle's meadow half a mile to the southeast of Still- 
water. 

My grandfather and family in regard to politics were 
all staunch Whigs, bearing their full share of toil through 
the Revolutionary struggle.^ My father at one time, 
shouldering his musket, marched with a company of 
volunteers to Morristown at the call of Washington when 
he lay encamped there with the American Army in the 
winter of 1777. Continuing to cherish these patriotic 
sentiments, and naturally leaning to the popular side, my 
father and his brothers consequently sympathized with 
the French Republicans in the early part of their struggle 
for liberty. But, on the other hand, they cherished no 
cordiality with and highly disapproved of the horrors 
subsequently practised by the leaders in that mighty con- 

^ By the records of the Adjutant General's office, Trenton, it 
appears that : 

Peter Barnet Shaver was commissioned First Lieutenant, Cap- 
tain Aaron Hankinson (ist) Company, Colonel Ephraim Martin's 
Regiment, Sussex County, New Jersej' Militia, July 26, 1775 ; resi- 
dence. Upper Hardwick Township, Sussex County, New Jersey; 
Captain, Colonel Aaron Hankinson's Second Regiment, Sussex 
County, New Jersey, Militia; commission issued May 16, 1777; 
commanding company, capturing tories in Sussex County, April 6 
to II, 1777; commanding company, attached to Colonel Sylvanus 
Seeley's Battalion, Eastern Regiment, Morris County, New Jersey, 
Militia, at Elizabeth, January 22 to February 25, 1778; commanding 
company, along the Upper Delaware River, July 30 to October 14, 
1778; on return to January, 1781, with remark "Present"; final 
record unknown, — during the Revolutionary War. 

Isaac Shaver was in commission as Captain and Conductor of 
Team Brigade, Wagonmaster General's Department, New Jersey 
without date, — during the Revolutionary War. 



40 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

vulsion. And when, about this time, and subsequently . 
party Hues began to be drawn in this country, their inbred 
and almost instinctive love of country inclined them to the 
popular, rather than to the aristocratic side, and, of course, 
to identify themselves with the democracy of the Jeffer- 
sonian school. Their descendants, taking counsel of their 
fathers and standing upon the same broad and patriotic 
platform, took sides with the party opposed to the high- 
handed measures and arbitrary acts of the Jackson 
administration. In this relation to their country I trust 
they will ever be found. 

At the time of the organization of the militia system of 
the United States by act of Congress during the Adminis- 
tration of Washington, 1791 or 2, great military enthusi- 
asm prevailed at that period in our part of the country. 
That was the great hobby that engaged all hearts and 
hands for the time. My uncle, Peter B. Schaeffer, bore 
the commission of Major. Father raised and commanded 
a volunteer troop of horse, which comprised most of the 
elite of the young men of that part of the country. Uncle 
Isaac raised and commanded a large company of militia; 
and in order to have good music on parade, he procured 
the services of Mr. Peter Belers, who had been a drum 
major in the Revolutionary Army, residing at the time on 
the other side of the Blue Mountains. He was the most 
expert performer on the drum-head I ever witnessed. 
Nothing could exceed the beauty of his motions perform- 
ing some of his most difficult pieces, the buttons of his 
drumsticks being confined in the meantime within the 
compass oi a dollar. Cousin Joseph and myself and little 
Archie caug'ht the inspiration and were placed under his 
tuition. And commencing with the first rudiments of 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 4 1 



"Daddy Mammy," etc., and engaging with ardor in our 
new vocation, we at length attained some tolerable pro- 
ficiency in this department of military music. The height 
of our ambition then \vas to flourish in "Red Coats" and 
lead the march of the regiment on parade days. 

At the time of the Western expedition, in the fall of 
1794, father and his troop of horse volunteered in the 
service, and marched with the army to Fort Pitt to quell 
the "Whiskey Boys." At Bedford, on their march, all 
the field officers had the honor of an introduction to the 
"Father of his Country," who there met them to review 
the army, and give counsel to the officers. They were 
three months engaged in this expedition, my father re- 
turning home in December.^ 

I suppose the first fulling-mill erected in this county 
was that by the late Peter Wintermute, about half a mile 
below Stillwater. The mill was driven by a large spring 
issuing out of the hill at that place, being the embouchure 
of a brook which, losing itself about a mile back in the 
M^oods, makes its way through subterranean limestone 
caverns and emerges at this place. 1 suppose the age of 

'The records of the office of the Adjutant General, Trenton, show 
that Abraham Shaver was commissioned Captain, commanding 
Iroop, Second Squadron, Second Regiment, Cavalry, New Jersey 
Detached Mihtia, in the Pennsylvania Insurrection, September ii, 
1794, for three months; residence, Sussex Countv, New Jersey; 
honorably discharged December 25, 1794. 

Abraham Shaver, Jr., served as a Corporal, Captain Abraham 
Shavers Troop of Light Dragoons (Sussex County). Second 
Squadron, Second Regiment, Cavalry, Major Commandant William 
Leddel, Brigadier General Anthony Walton White's Brigade of 
Cavalry, New Jersey Detached Militia, Pennsylvania Insurrection of 
1794; enrolled September 11, 1794. for three months; discharged 
at Trenton, New Jersey, December 25, 1794,— expiration of service. 
He was born Dec. 4, 1775, died August 8, 1824, buried at Yellow 
Frame Grave Yard. 



42 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

this mill will date prior to the Revolution, as it was an old 
establishment from my earliest remembrance. 

I have no authentic information in regard to my grand- 
father's ancestry. What immediate relations, or whether 
he had any brothers and sisters, on this subject, to my 
regret, I am entirely uninformed, neither do I know any- 
thing of his history previous to his coming to this country, 
except that he emigrated from the Palatinate, on or near 
the river Rhine, one of the richest countries in Germany. 
Coming as he did from a Protestant country and 
community, his religious views and feelings were de- 
cidedly of that cast, and being connected with the German 
Reformed church of the Calvinistic school in his own 
country, he very naturally took a leading part and was 
prominent in the German Reformed congregation 
worshiping at Stillwater.. But it seems he could not agree 
in doctrinal views with the German ministers who 
ordinarily supplied that pulpit; they inclining too much to 
the low Arminian sentiment for his scriptural and Cal- 
vinistic views of orthodoxy. Hence he found among the 
Presbyterian ministers those of sentiments more congenial 
to his own, which led him to fraternize more with them, 

^ In "The Wintermute Family History," by J. P. Wintermute, it is 
stated that John George Windemuth, who became the brother-in- 
law of Casper Schaeffer, through marriage with one of the daughters 
of Johan Peter Bernhardt, built the old stone house at the foot of 
the lane running east from the main road, at a point a short distance 
south of the cemetery. On the southerly end of the house are 
inscribed in the wall his initials, "J. G. W., 1755." This homestead 
was devised to his youngest son John. The large stone house on the 
road near the Big Spring was erected by the Emigrator's son Peter, 
the date of which is indicated by an inscription on the north gable, 
"1791." This property was purchased by the late Martin R. Dennis 
of Newark, N. J., who named the place "Bonnie Brook." It was 
near this point that the elder Windemuth built, in about the year 
1770, what is supposed to be the first fulling mill in Sussex County. 




Peter "Windemuth's House, erected 1791, 
noiv "Bonnie Brook." 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 43 



and a special intimacy grew up between him and the Rev. 
Ira Condit, the pious and very able pastor of the Hard- 
wick church. These views and this course of the old 
gentleman induced all his children to leave the German 
and unite with the English Presbyterian church, though 
he himself, I believe, continued in connection with the 
German church to the close of his life. 

The descendants of the old gentleman have almost all 
continued in connection with the Presbyterian church to 
the present day. The German Christians, though pos- 
sessed of many excellent traits of character, are yet, 
many of them, especially the foreign portion, too much 
addicted to formalism and superstition, in illustration of 
w^hich I will just relate a circumstance that occurred in 
my grandfather's case. He, toward the close of his life, 
becoming much attached to the Rev. Mr. Condit as above 
intimated, requested him on his death bed to preach his 
funeral sermon. But on the occasion, the Germans inter- 
fered and would not allow the minister to enter the 
church, he not being of their order; and lest peradventure 
he might desecrate the place, he was compelled therefore 
to address the people standing on the large flat stone in 
front of the church. 

My grandfather, Casper Schaeffer, died Dec. 7, 1784, 
aged seventy-two years. My grandmother, Maria Catrina 
Schaeffer, died Dec. i, 1794, in the seventy-third year of 
her age. Uncle Peter B. Schaeffer died in April, 1799, 
aged fifty-five. Aunt Margaretta Roy died June 5, 1815. 
My father departed this life Jan. 11, 1820, in the sixty- 
fourth year of his age.^ My mother. Sarah Schaeffer, 

^ Abraham Shaver's will, dated Dec. 29, 1819, makes the following 
provision for his wife, viz : 

Item 2. "I give and bequeath to my beloved wife Sarah Shaver 



44 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

died on the 14th day of August, 1827, in the sixty-seventh 
year of her age. My sister Polly died in April, 1808, 
aged twenty-seven years. Sister Elizabeth died Feb. 3, 
1833, aged thirty years. 

My grandfather^ was a man naturally of a strong mind, 
of strict integrity, not lacking in sagacity, of great 
industry and indomitable perseverance, guided in all his 
actions by a principle of moral rectitude; a strict discip- 
linarian, and rather intolerant of what he believed to be 
wrong. This being his character, he would naturally 
exert a controlling and salutary influence upon a rising 
community, the result of which may be seen and felt to 
the present day. It was said of the old gentleman when 
a member of the State legislature, I think in the time of 
the Revolutionary war, that though he seldom spoke 
in the House, yet from the weight of his character 
and sound judgment in matters and things, he exerted a 
great influence in that body. Thus if at any time he per- 
ceived things taking a wrong course in the House, not 
agreeable to his views of propriety, he would rise in his 



the use and possession of my mansion house and garden and the 
furniture in the house and kitchen, such thereof as she may choose 
to take, also such part of the fruit out of the orchard and other 
fruit trees as she shall think necessary yearly and every year during 
her life for her use and to have such part of the milch cows as she 
chooses and her choice of the horses and riding chairs, also my black 
girl Nance and my black boy Bob and her choice of one of mv little 
black girls. Also it is my will and order that the horse and cows 
of my wife be furnished with hay, grain and pasture necessary for 
their keeping, likewise that she be furnished with firewood at the 
door at the expense of my estate." His executors were his three 
sons, Nathan A. Shaver, Peter B. Shaver and William A. Shaver. 
He was member of Assembly, 1801-2-3. 



1 On Feb. 24, 1764. an act was passed by the Provincial Coiincil to 
naturalize George Windemuth (Wintermute) Gasper Shepperd (Casper 
Schaeffer?) and others. Journal of the Governor and Council, N. J. 
Archives, XVII. 365, 371. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 45 

seat and with characteristic energy exclaim in his German 
way, "Das ist nicht recht, Das ist nicht recht," and in few 
words explain his views of the matter, giving his reasons 
therefor. The attention of the members would be 
arrested, the current of proceedings changed, and in the 
end probably an entirely different result ensue. 

In this connection I will mention another circumstance 
as indicative of the spirit of the age and the primitive 
simplicity of manners then prevalent, and I mention it in 
no spirit of disparagement, but as evincing that ardent 
and self-denying patriotism that carried our forefathers 
triumphantly through the Revolutionary struggle. The 
case as related to me was as follows : Old Mr. Mac- 
Collum, the father of the late Aaron MacCollum of 
Hardwick, when delegate to the Assembly (the per diem 
not then enabling the members to fare sumptuously every 
day), would, whether from this cause or from motives of 
sheer economy (for he was a strict conservative), pack his 
wardrobe in a small bundle, his provisions in his wallet, 
and thus accoutred, pack on his back and staff in hand, 
would wend his pedestrian way to the seat of government, 
and after attending to the legislative business of the state 
would return home in the same style, and Cincinnatus- 
like, resume the functions of his domicile. God be praised 
for raising up a host of such choice spirits, whose patriotic 
zeal shrank not from labor and sacrifice that they might 
procure the inestimable blessings of civil and religious 
liberty for themselves and their posterity. 

The old stone church at Stillwater was erected, as I 
suppose, about the middle of the last century. The 
Lutherans and Reformed united their energies in con- 
structing the same, and worshipped conjointly and alter- 



46 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

nately in the same building. The church was a plain, 
four-square structure of moderate dimensions, situated on 
the rising ground near the road, just within the enclosing 
wall, on the north side of the grave yard. The interior 
of the church had plain open seats with gallery. The 
tub-shaped pulpit, raised upon a high pedestal, had this 
peculiar antique appendage, viz : partly underneath and on 
the opposite side of the pulpit-step a small closet of slatted 
or wicker work into which the minister entered for a few 
moments before ascending the pulpit. The old German 
interest having declined through the inroads of death and 
removals, the ground was occupied for a number of years 
by the Dutch Reformed brethren. The old building was 
demolished some years since, and in its stead a neat frame 
church was erected at the head of the lane, owned and 
occupied by an English Presbyterian congregation com- 
posed partly of the descendants of the German population 
and in part of new comers. The church, however, it is 
much to be regretted, is not, nor has h been for many 
years in a flourishing condition. ^ 

I should, perhaps, have mentioned ere this, that my 
grandmother Schaeffer had received an education some- 
what above the ordinary standard of her day. She was 
of refined taste and cultivated manners, as well as 
exemplary piety. I have heard her tell a Mr. Runkle, a 
gentleman on a visit from down Jersey, who was examin- 
ing her old folio German Bible, that she had read it three 
times through since her "old man's death," then ten years 

^The church was completed in 1771 and used until 1837, then 
abandoned as being unsafe. In 1823, at a meeting of the congrega- 
tion, it was voted to enter the Presbyterian denomination and place 
the church under the care of the Newton Presbytery. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 47 



gone by; this being near the close of her life. The old 
lady brought with her from Germany what was rare in 
those days, many rich silk dresses, embroidery, jewelry 
and trinkets, which were carefully preserved as keepsakes 
during her life, carefully locked up in chest and casket. 
But in the lapse of time and overturnings, these relics 
have all unhappily become squandered. 

That part of the country lying between the Paulinskill 
and the Blue Mountains was settled originally by the 
Germans principally, and how far they may have been 
attracted thither by the previous location of my grand- 
father and his friends in that vicinity, I am not able to 
say. Most likely, however, it had some influence, as he 
was a pioneer in those parts. Even before the Revolution 
many of them were settled there, and in the time of that 
great struggle, there was considerable accession to their 
numbers, of a dozen or more Hessians who deserted from 
a detachment of Burgoyne's captured army, on their way 
through Sussex to a location assigned them as a place of 
safety near Charlotteville in Virginia. All those Germans 
settled and raised families in the neighborhood. Many of 
their descendants still occupy the homes of their fathers. 
Some have removed elsewhere; some north, some west, 
to newer countries with a view to better their condition. 
With the old German settlers gone the congregation 

^ The old German Bible is in the possession of Caspar Bernhardt 
Shafer, of Washington, D. C. It contains the following inscription 
on the first page : 

"Casper Schaffer — his Bible, purchased in Philadelphia, Pa. It 
cost two pounds and twelve shillings. In the year of Christ Anno 
Domini, 1775." 

It was printed at Basle, in 1767. Size 14J x 10 x 3 J inches. It has 
wooden back covered with embossed parchment, protected by eight 
brass corner pieces, and held closed by two brass clasps. It contains 
a few family records, but they have faded out and are illegible. 



48 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

dwindled away and the ground is now occupied mainly by 
the Methodist brethren, and this in a great measure 
through the remissness of the Presbyterians. And from 
the same cause the Methodists are taking possession of 
most of the vacant ground, and even in some instances 
encroaching upon the possessions of the former. It be- 
hooves the Presbyterians, therefore, if they do not wish 
to be outdone by their more active co-workers, to bestir 
themselves. 

In the lovely valley of Stillwater, which has greater 
attractions for me than any other earthly locality, there 
are four different levels presenting themselves to the eye. 
First, the low meadow ground along the margin of the 
kill ; then a space a few feet higher, of rich alluvial soil — 
third, a table land about 20 ft. higher than the preceding, 
comprising some hundred acres of most excellent, arable 
land extending back to the lime-stone hills. Fourth : 
There is still another plain more elevated than the former 
by some 20 feet, called formerly "the old plain field," com- 
prising many acres of good, arable land, extending also 
to the limestone cobbles. This delightful valley being 
nearly centrally situated in the old county of Sussex, was 
at one time seriously spoken of as the seat of justice for 
the County. But other counsels prevailing, Newton was 
selected in preference.^ That part of the township of 

^On Nov. 20, 1753, the first court of justice held in the county of 
Sussex, was opened in the house of Jonathan Pettit in Hardwick 
township. At this court Casper Shafer, among others, was licensed 
to keep a tavern. The business of tavern keeping at this time, and 
for at least fifty years afterwards, was a stepping stone to public 
distinction, as well as a source of pecuniary profit. Nearly all the 
early judges, justices, sheriffs and chosen freeholders were inn 
keepers. — Edsall's Sussex County Centenary, p. 27. 

The Pennsylvania Gazette of Dec. 4, 1760, advertises a sale by the 
Trustees of the Pennsylvania Land Company of three tracts of land 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 49 

Hardwick called the Ridge, bordering upon the great road 
leading from Newton to Hope, was originally settled by- 
persons from England, the North of Ireland, and Scot- 
land; viz: the Linns, Roys, Hunts, Shaws, Hazens, etc. 
The lands are now generally in possession of their pos- 
terity. 

Passing down the great road in the direction of John- 
sonburg, we come to the Hardwick church, situated on 
the summit level of an elevated plain, from whence there 
is a gradual descent in every direction. From this 
eminence we have a magnificent view of the Blue Moun- 
tains from the Water Gap stretching many miles to the 
northeast. This church was built, I think, about the year 
1785 or 86, and is rather a stately edifice considering the 
state of the country at the period of its erection. The 
church in its interior structure was remodelled and 
modernized a few years since by placing the pulpit at the 
east end instead of on the north side as it was originally. 
I have for this church a peculiarly home-like attachment, 
it being my "Alma Mater" as it were. Here all my 
fathers and relatives worshiped, and here within its 
hallowed walls I was nurtured and brought up from 
infancy to early manhood, and here in the adjacent 
cemetery, are deposited the venerated remains of my 
parents and relatives. ^ By the aid of memory's faithful 

(inter alia), in Sussex County, about 70 miles from Philadelphia, 
one of 6,318 acres situate on the Paulinskill River, adjoining land of 
"Casper Shafer, Tavern Keeper there." * * * "The said Paulins- 
kill runs through the middle of it, and is about being made navigable 
into the Delaware." — N. J. Archives, vol. 20, p. 512. 

* From a "Sketch of Yellow Frame Presbyterian Church," by Rev. 
Dr. Craig, in the New Jersey Herald, May 26, 1892, we learn that 
the exact date of the organization of the "Upper Hardwick Presby- 
terian Church," now Yellow Frame, is not known, but that it took 

[4 



50 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

record I can bring to view the scenes occurring here of 
more than half a century ago, when seated on the Sabbath 
in the wide square pew at the right of the high blue pulpit, 
and looking around methinks I can see as if only yesterday 
the venerable forms of the generation long since departed. 
There in the pew immediately adjoining to the west 
sat Uncle William Armstrong, with his decrepit, venerable 
companion and four daughters. Immediately in his rear 
sat Uncle George Armstrong and his family. On the 
opposite or east side of the pulpit sat first, I think, Uncle 
Peter B. Schaeffer, with his family whose practice was, as 
well as that of father (their heads being tender), to be 
covered during divine service. In the adjoining pew sat 
Dr. Kennedy and his family. Immediately in front of the 
pulpit, on the west side of the middle aisle, appeared the 
aldermanic and portly form of Esquire Gaston and his 
family. Immediately in his rear Uncle John Armstrong 
and family. Then followed old Esquire Hazen, Thomas 
Hazen, Ezekiel Hazen and others in succession. In the 
opposite or eastern side of the aisle is seen Gen. Hankin- 
son ; then in his rear his elder brother William Hankinson, 
then Esquire Lanning, the Hunts and a host of others 



place probably in the year 1764. For eight vears the only preaching 
was by supplies. The Rev. Francis Peppard was the pastor from 
1774 until 1783. Rev. Ira Condit was the next pastor. He was 
installed about the time the new Yellow Frame Church was com- 
pleted, in 1778. His pastorate covered a period of about seven years, 
after which another interval of ten years of pulpit vacancy occurred. 
Rev. John Boyd was the pastor from Nov., 1803, till Oct., 1812. The 
succeeding pastors were Rev. Benjamin Lowe, Rev. Jonathan Sher- 
wood and Rev. William C. McGee, who was installed in 1841. The 
church edifice erected in 1786 was used until 1887, when it was 
superseded by the present church, and was demolished in IQOS-. The 
site of the old church was across the road from the present building. 
The vestibule and tower for the bell were added in 1858. The 
present pastor is Rev. Ira H. Condit. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 5* 



that I cannot now recollect. The eastern front seat of the 
gallery was occupied by Uncle John Roy and family. His 
soft musical bass voice was charming to the ear. All 
these, occupying their respective places, joined with one 
accord in the holy service of the sanctuary, in devotional 
exercises, in hearing the word preached and joining in the 
vocal praises of Him who redeemed them with His 
precious blood. 

As a reminiscence of the olden time and as indicating 
some of the peculiar habits of our forefathers, I will allude 
to one peculiarity in their worship. It being the practice 
in my early boyhood to line the hymns in singing, hymn 
books not being then in general use, old General Hankin- 
son, who then officiated as chorister, performed that part 
of the service in a peculiar style, and with great adroitness, 
the manner of which I suppose was no other than edifying 
to the devout worshipers of that day, but which to some 
of us light-minded moderns would appear rather strange, 
if not rather ludicrous. Thus he would commence reading 
the line at a high pitch of the voice, continuing to the end 
on the same key, in a perfectly monotonous tone; then 
strike off into the tune at the same pitch, singing to the 
end of the line. Then without any suspension of sound, 
and upon the same key of the last note just sung, he would 
read the next line of the verse, and so on to the end of the 
hymn. I suppose this may have been a common practice 
in the old puritanical churches. 

The first pastors of this church were, so far as I recol- 
lect, first Rev. Mr. Peppard, second Rev. Mr. Thatcher, 
third the Rev. Mr. Condit. These were all able and ex- 
cellent ministers, the latter of whom particularly was an 
eminent theologian. He it was, I think, as my parents 



52 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

have informed me, who administered the right of baptism 
to my unworthy self. As a faithful and devoted pastor, 
he was also particularly distinguished. I can distinctly 
recollect his visiting around the congregation, catechising 
the children, and how on one occasion he solemnly warned 
us that a time was approaching when we must stand 
before the bar of God. He was also in the practice of 
holding meetings for religious conversation, with cate- 
chetical instruction to the adults. If I am not mistaken he 
preached alternately at Newton and Hardwick, and I am 
inclined to think that our fathers sustained irreparable loss 
when they suffered Ira Condit to leave them. The Hard- 
wick church at least did not greatly prosper for forty 
years or more after he left it. 

Passing on our course for two or three miles west- 
wardly we arrive at the flourishing town of Johnsonburg. 
It is rather an ancient place and is remarkable for having 
had at one time under the old Colonial Government a 
prison built of logs. Hence its cognomen, "Log Gaol," 
by which appellation it continued to be known until about 
the year 1798, when the Messrs. Henry and Jonathan 
Johnson, merchants of the place, incorporated their own 
name and gave it its new denomination. There are in the 
town three churches — one Episcopalian, one Methodist 
and one Presbyterian. The principal proprietor of the 
place was my uncle William Armstrong, who resided here 
for many years in the latter part of his life, which he 
closed about 1844, at the advanced age of ninety years. 

In this place I ought not to omit an allusion to the 
venerable Dr. Samuel Kennedy,^ an eminent practitioner 

^Dr. Samuel Kennedy, son of Rev. Samuel Kennedy, M. D., was 
born about the year 1740. He married Elizabeth Beavers, Oct. 5, 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 53 



of medicine in his day, who resided on a splendid farm in 
the vicinity of Johnsonburg. He was one of the earHest 
if not the very first physician settled in the county of 
Sussex. His range of practice at an early day was prob- 
ably not less than forty miles over the sparsely settled 
country. There was a number of the leading physicians 
of the county, as the late Dr. Linn, Dr. Everitt, Dr. 
Palmer^ and others besides his own sons, who were 
indebted to him for instruction in the healing art. Dr. 
Kennedy was not only distinguished for consistent piety, 
but was also an excellent theologian as well as an able 
supporter of the Christian church. His patriotic views 
and feelings led him to go heart and hand with the 
staunch Whigs of the Revolution. In politics, of course, 
coinciding with the popular sentiment, he was a zealous 
democrat of the Jeffersonian school. In accordance with 
these sentiments he had a strong desire as a last public act 
of his life to cast his vote as Presidential Elector for 
Thomas Jefferson to his second term of office; but death 
intervened and prevented the consummation of his wishes 

1768. By her he had nine children who reached mature life. She 
died in 1790. He married again, in 1791, Anna, daughter of Peter 
B. Schaefifer, by whom he had five children. Dr. Kennedy died in 
1804 and is buried in the Yellow Frame Graveyard. He is described 
as having been short and stout, but of fine personal appearance. His 
residence was a stone-house upon the Van Horn farm, half a mile 
from Johnsonburg, on the road to Allamuchy. He was also judge 
of the Sussex County courts, and member of the Assembly in 1780. 
He was an able practitioner and prepared a great number of students 
for the profession. 

*Dr. Henry Palmer was a native of Connecticut and succeeded Dr. 
Kennedy at Johnsonburg, and afterwards, about 1808, went to 
Hope. He died June 14, 1813, at the age of thirty-four, of yellow 
fever which he contracted on a visit to New York. He was a mili- 
tary man and buried with military honors at the Yellow Frame 
Burying Ground. He married a daughter of Judge Armstrong. 
They had no children. 



54 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



in that particular. He died at an advanced age. sometime 
in 1804. The father of Dr. Kennedy was a celebrated 
Scotch clergyman, the Rev. Dr. Kennedy, the very able 
and probably the first pastor of the ancient church of 
Baskingridge.i Dr. Kennedy's first wife was the sister 
of my uncle, the late Robert Beavers. His second wife 
was my cousin Anna, eldest daughter of Uncle Peter B. 
Schaeffer. 

In journeying still further on to the southwest we 
arrive at the ancient town of Hope, distant about six miles 
from Johnsonburg. It was founded by the religious 
Society of Moravians, or United Brethren, as they called 
themselves, about the time or perhaps prior to the middle 
of the last century. The Society from the country in 
Germany whence they came, taking the name of 
Moravians, this town has naturally got the popular appel- 
lation of Moravian Town. The organization of the 
Society possesses some peculiar features, partaking both 
of the social as well as exclusive principle. They are 
banded together in such a way as to have but little inter- 
course with the world at large, permitting but one of 
each trade or calling to exist in their community at the 
same time. At an early period of their history it seems 
they adopted the communist principle of depositing all 
their earnings in a common fund and drawing thence 

^ Rev. Samuel Kennedy, M. D., was born in Scotland, 1720, and 
educated at the University of Edinburgh. After coming to America 
he was licensed to preach the gospel and was ordained pastor of the 
Church in Baskingridge, June 15, 1751. He established a classical 
school there which was of a high order and extensively patronized. 
He was also a practitioner and acquired considerable reputation in 
his profession. He died at Baskingridge, August 31, 1787, aged 
dy years.— Wickes' Medical History of N. J., p. 305 ; N. J. Archives, 
XXV., p. 407, note. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 55 



their individual support. But subsequently, having 
changed their policy in this respect, each individual hus- 
bands and appropriates his own earnings. They allow 
none of their own society to suffer, and the parties to the 
marriage contract are selected by the elders and matrons 
of their order. They have a large church and a large mill 
of stone, and all their buildings, both public and private, 
are constructed in the most substantial manner, of stone, 
so that even now, after the lapse of more than a hundred 
years, they show but little sign of decay. About the year 
1808 or 10 the Society sold out their whole establishment 
either to a company or to individual purchasers, and 
removed to Nazareth, Bethlehem, Lititz and other 
Moravian towns in Northampton and Lancaster counties 
in the state of Pennsylvania. 

In regard to my maternal ancestry, I have to lament 
the lack of information no less than on the other branch 
of the connection. But what few isolated facts and 
reminiscences I have, I shall proceed to group together in 
such a way as to make somewhat of a connected history. 

About the year 1745 to 48, there resided in the lower 
part of the township of Hardwick an industrious and 
thrifty son of the Emerald Isle pursuing the humble 
and laborious calling of a weaver. There resided also in 
the same neighborhood a respectable farmer by the name 
of Green, who married his wife in a Low Dutch settle- 
ment in Somerset County, not far from Somerville. Now 
it so happened that the younger sister of Mrs. Green 
being on a visit with her, having traversed the mountains 
and wilderness for that purpose, during the young 
lady's sojourn here the young Hibernian above alluded to 
becoming acquainted with her, admired and paid his 



56 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



addresses to her, and the attachment being- reciprocated, 
they were in due time united in the bonds of matrimony. 

Thus commenced in the union of Nathan Armstrong 
and Euphemia Wright the family relation of my grand- 
parents on the mother's side.i Hence on that side of the 
house my lineage is half Irish and half Low Dutch. The 
first fruits of this union was the birth of the twin brothers, 
the late George and John Armstrong. My grandparents 
had seven children, three sons and four daughters, my 
mother being the youngest of the family. The three sons 
and one of the daughters lived to an advanced age. 
George, the eldest, died in his 8oth year. John lived to 
be 85 or 86. William, the younger, attained to his 90th 
year, and Aunt Hannah Linn was, I suppose, near 90 at 
her decease. My uncle George Armstrong had, I think, 
about ten children, most of whom I believe are still living. 
The eldest of the family, Mrs. Locke, whom I saw in 
June, 1853, in a very low state of health, has since died. 

Uncle John Armstrong had seven or eight children 
grown to maturity, none of whom are now living except 
Jacob, the youngest of three sons. Aunt Hannah married 
Alexander, the oldest brother of the Linn family, who 
died at the age of 40 or 45 years. They had, I think, six 
children. How many of them may yet survive I am 
unable to say, as they have for many years resided at a 
distance. About the year 1797 or 8, Aunt Hannah 
removed with her family to Crawford County near 
Meadville, western Pennsylvania, settling down in the 
wilderness with her children, some of them quite young, 
and with slender means of support. They suffered all the 

* See biographical sketch of Nathan Armstrong, post. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 57 



hardships and privations incident to such a situation. 
After buffeting the storms of adversity for many years 
and raising her family, she spent the remainder of her 
days there in comparative ease and competency, dying 
some years since at an advanced age. 

Another of my mother's sisters married a gentleman by 
the name of Beavers, a Hibernian by birth. They had six 
children, five daughters and one son, all deceased, I think, 
but two or three daughters. The other sister of my 
mother married a Mr. Stinson. A son and a daughter 
were their only children. The daughter was the first wife 
of my uncle Isaac Schaeffer. She died leaving no issue, 
within a year after their marriage. The son is the present 
Judge Stinson of Warren County. 

My grandfather Armstrong is represented to have been 
a very industrious and prudent man, managing his affairs 
with such economy and thrift as to be able at his demise 
to leave each of his three sons in possession of a valuable 
farm; the daughters in those days coming off minus. He 
is said to have died a little past middle age, of the natural 
small-pox, inoculation not being then generally intro- 
duced. And being under the old colonial government 
under which the law of primogeniture prevailed, he was 
constrained to make his will on his deathbed, in order to 
prevent the oldest son from inheriting all the real estate, 
which, by his devise, was given equally share and share 
alike to the three sons. 

My grandmother Armstrong was a lady of superior 
mental endowments. Although not having enjoyed any 
special advantages of education, she yet excelled in con- 
versational powers. I well recollect in my childhood and 
youth with what glowing interest and fixed attention I 



$8 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

sat and listened to her when relating to my mother 
anecdotes and reminiscences of earlier life, as well as the 
more recent occurrences of the day amongst her friends 
and neighbors. Her piety, calm, consistent and unob- 
trusive, shone in all her daily walk and conversation. As 
a mark of the high esteem in which she was held, not only 
each of her own children named a daughter after her, 
but the name of Euphemia became a favorite household 
word in many families in the neighborhood, even where 
no relationship existed. 

My father had two brothers, Peter B. the eldest, and 
Isaac the youngest of the family, and one sister Mar- 
garetta, who was next in age to my uncle Peter, the first 
born. Peter married a lady by the name of Stinson. 
They had eight children, ranging as follows, viz : Anna, 
Katy, Polly, Abraham, Betsey, Isaac, Peggy and Stinson, 
the youngest, who died in childhood. The rest have now 
all deceased. They all married and all left children 
except Polly, who died, I think, within a year after her 
marriage. 

My father's only sister, Margaretta, married Mr. John 
Roy, a pious, most worthy and industrious man. They 
had nine children, viz : Polly, Hannah, Susan, Peggy, 
Sally, Betsey, John Casper, Bernhardt Schaeffer and 
Joseph, the youngest, six daughters and three sons. They 
all married and left children save Polly, the oldest, and 
Susan, and they are all deceased, except Susannah and 
John C. Uncle John Roy did not live to an advanced age. 
The number of his years did not I imagine exceed sixty. 
Aunt Roy attained to a greater age. She survived her 
husband many years. I think she must have been 
upwards of 70 years at her demise. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 59 



My uncle, William Armstrong, I should have said, had 
four children, all daughters — Lydia, Euphemia Polly and 
Sally. They all married and had issue. The only sur- 
viving one of them is Mrs. Euphemia Bray, in a state of 
widowhood. My uncle married a second wife, by whom 
he had no issue. His first wife was Miss Swayze, sister 
to the late Mrs. Dusenberry. 

My uncle Isaac Schaeffer for his second wife married 
Martha Linn. They had four children, three sons and 
one daughter, viz: Joseph L., Archibald S., Peggy, and 
Peter B., only the latter of whom survives, cousin Rev. 
Joseph L. having died in December, 1853. Aunt Matty, 
by a second marriage, with Mr. Joseph De Mund, had 
several children, with none of whom have I any acquaint- 
ance except with Isaac, the eldest, who is a clergyman of 
respectable standing in the Presbyterian connection. All 
these children of both issues, so far as I know, married 
and had issue except Archibald S., who died single, in 
early manhood. 

My own parents had twelve children, viz: Polly or 
Maria Catharine, Casper, Nathan A., Peter B., Euphemia 
W., Sarah, William A., Margaretta R., Elizabeth and 
Robert Finley, together with two who died in infancy. 
We have all been married and have issue, save Margaretta 
and Finley (who is since married). My sister Polly was 
married, as his second wife, to John Johnson Esq., April 
28, 1804, and departed this life, April 13, 1808, aged 
twenty-six years, five months, twenty-seven days, leaving 
three children, William Jefferson, Whitfield Schaeffer, 
and Sarah Catherine. 

My first marriage was to Clarissa Golden, 17th of May, 
1810. She deceased Jan., 1816. The result of this union 



6o MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

was birth of a son and daughter, both of whom died in 
infancy. My second wife was Mrs. Sarah Hahn, widow 
of the late Wm. Hahn, in Jan., 1818. At the time of our 
marriage she had three children — Mary, Christian and 
William, the latter of whom died about the age of nine 
years. Our own children were four: Sarah Elizabeth, 
Euphemia Miller, Amanda Margaretta, and Gilbert Liv- 
ingston, who died at about the age of two and a half 
years. Elizabeth was married to Thomas Kimber in 
April, 1843. They had three children, the two oldest of 
whom died in infancy; the youngest, Sally Schaeffer 
Kimber, was six years old on the 7th of July, 1854. 
Euphemia and Reuben B. Miller were married in May, 
1843. They have five children, four daughters and one 
son, viz: Mary Hahn, Sarah Gertrude, Ellen Augusta, 
Euphemia and William Casper, the present infant.^ 

My brother Nathan^ married Sarah, daughter of the 
late Judge Linn of Sussex. They had six children, viz : 
Mary, William, Abraham, Joseph, Lucilla and Louisa. 
The eldest son was suddenly killed by accident many years 
ago. Mary, the eldest daughter, married Mr. Joseph 
Coursen; they have two or three children. The others are 
as yet unmarried. 

My brother Peter B. married Mrs. Rebecca Vail, 
daughter of the late Dr. Hendrick. They had three 

^ Four others were afterwards born. See Genealogical Record. 

^ Nathan Armstrong Shafer learned the tanning business of the 
Armstrongs and returned to Stillwater and established a large tan- 
nery, which proved successful. On April 11, 1825, the first meeting 
in the newly organized township of Stillwater was held at his house 
and he was elected a member of the town committee. He was a 
Director of the Sussex Bank. In 1825 he was a member of the 
assembly, and was a judge of the Court of Common Pleas for fifteen 
years, beginning Jan. 21, 1833. He had many warm friends and was 
kind to the poor. — Armstrong Record. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 6 1 



children, the oldest dying in infancy. The two surviving 
ones are Adelaide and Alexander C. Adelaide was 
married about a year ago to Dr. Denis. 

Sister Euphemia married Mr. Henry Miller, son of the 
late Major Miller of German Valley. They had four 
children— Rev. J. E. Miller/ Elizabeth, the oldest, who 
died many years ago, Margaretta, and Emma, the 
youngest. Sister and her family reside at Stroudsburg, 
Pa., where Edwin has a charge. 

Sister Sarah married Rev. Jacob R. Castner, ' of Bask- 
ingridge, about the year 1813. They had nine children— 

' Rev. James Edwin Miller was born near Clinton, Hunterdon 
County N. J., April 13, 1823. He began the study of law with his 
uncle, the Hon. Jacob W. Miller, of Morristown. Subsequently, in 
order to study for the ministry, he entered Lafayette College 
where he graduated in 1845. He spent three years in the Princeton 
Iheological bemmary and graduated from that institution in 1848 
His hrst pastorate was the Second Presbyterian Church, Sparta N 
Y., 1850-54. He then became pastor of the Presbyterian Church in 
Stroudsburg, Pa., until 1859. He taught school for a number of 
years in Stroudsburg and Phillipsburg. N. J. Later on he preached 
at New Egypt, N. J., and Plumsteadville, Pa. He afterwards re- 
moved to Minnesota and served the Presbyterian churches in 
Shakopee and Taylor's Falls for five years. Owing to the severity 
of the climate, he removed to Smyth County. Va., where he re- 
niained a short time, returning to New Jersey in 1879. On account 
of feeble health, he was able to preach only occasionally, and died 
at Stillwater, N. J., Oct. 24, 1885. 

'Rev. Jacob R. Castner, born at Liberty Corner, Somerset Co., 
N. J., pursued his classical studies at Princeton. Class of 1809 and 
studied theology under Dr. Finley at Baskingridge. His first 
pastorates were at German Valley, Hocks Hill, and Black River 
He was pastor of Mansfield from 1818 until his death which 
occurred suddenly at Washington, N. J., April 26, 1848. Rev. Dr. 
Junkin says of him : "He was a natural orator and one of the best, 
if not the very best, extempore speakers in the Presbytery or Synod! 
He was an able, laborious, and successful minister of the Word. 
An early and fearless champion of the temperance reformation, he 
probably did more for that cause than any other man in the Presby- 
tery. He was utterly fearless, a man of unwavering moral courage, 
one of the most delightful conversers I ever heard. He was almost 
idolized by his congregation." See "The Early Germans of New 
Jersey," Chambers, p. 114, etc. 



62 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

Mary, Emma, John. Edmund, Margaretta, William, 
Elizabeth, Anna and Amanda. Emma and William died 
of scarlet fever within a few days of each other, many 
years ago. Brother Castner was a very laborious, able 
and efficient pastor. He was first settled at the German 
Valley, whence after a few years he removed to Asbury 
and took charge of the Mansfield congregation, which, 
being very large, and agreeing to divide, he removed to 
Washington and took charge of the northern part of the 
flock, which had then become a separate organization. 
He departed this life five or six years ago, in about the 
63d year of his age. Mary married a gentleman of the 
name of Lyman. They had two daughters. She died 
soon after the birth of the younger one. Edmund and 
Elizabeth are both married, the latter to Mr. John Davis, 
the former to a sister of Mr. Davis. They have each, I 
think, two or three children. Margaretta was married to 
the Rev. George Marriner, of Philadelphia,^ and has one 
daughter, Anna. John and the two younger sisters re- 
main single. Sister Sarah, after having spent a toilsome 
life in raising an interesting family of children, is now, 
after relinquishing the cares of housekeeping, living most 
of her leisure with her children and friends. 

I ought to have said in connection with sister Euphemia 
that her husband, Henry Miller, a man of exemplary piety 
and most amiable character, died of consumption in the 
city of New York many years ago. 

Brother William married Miss Fanny Stewart, from 

^ Rev. George K. Marriner, born at Lewes, Del., Nov. 9, 1821, 
graduate of Princeton Theological Seminary ; teacher at Basking- 
ridge and Mays Landing, N. J. ; pastor at Warren, Pa. ; died at 
Trenton, N. J., Sept. 5, 1869. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 63 



the vicinity of Hackettstown. They have two sons, Edwin 
and John, sprightly lads. They, together with brother 
Finley, occupy the old homestead and conjointly drive on 
the farm and mill. 

Sister Margaretta is the only one of the family remain- 
ing single. She built herself a beautiful and commodious 
dwelling on the back road leading down in the direction 
towards Wintermute's. It is handsomely located, being 
one of a row of houses situated along the foot of the lime- 
stone hill overlooking the valley of Stillwater. Her lawn 
in front is adorned with a variety of ornamental and 
choice fruit trees. 

Sister Elizabeth was married to Rev. Isaac N. Candee,^ 
Jan. I, 1829. She died soon after the birth of her second 
child, which survived her but a short time. The surviving 
daughter, Sally, now over twenty years of age. was on a 
visit to Stillwater in the summer of 1853-4. She is now 
residing with some friends in the State of Indiana; she 
has since married Mr. Love. 

Thus upon a retrospect of our family it will be seen 
that we have been greatly blessed in increase and preser- 
vation. Our parents were married Jan. 11, 1781, nearly 
seventy- four years ago; and out of twelve children born 
to them there are seven of us still remaining as monu- 
ments of great mercy. 

Intemperance abounded much in our country from my 
earliest remembrance. West India rum was the article 
principally in use at first. Apple whiskey was even then 

^Rev. Isaac N. Candee, D. D., was born at Galway, N. Y., Oct. 30, 
1801. He graduated at Union College in 1825 and Princeton 
Theological Seminary; Pastor at Belvidere, N. J., 1834-40; Agent 
Board of Foreign Missions, 1840-49; Pastor Lafayette, Ind., and 
Galesbiirg, 111. ; died at Peoria, 111., June 19, 1874. 



64 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

manufactured to a limited extent, but being the cheaper 
beverage, its production soon increased in such manner 
as to supersede the former. And not content with con- 
verting the precious fruit into the liquid poison, the staff 
of life v^as also appropriated to the same vile purpose. 
Rye and corn, to this end, were brought extensively into 
requisition ; and it went on increasing until, like the great 
deluge, it seemingly flooded the whole land, every neigh- 
borhood, almost, having its distillery. Consequently 
intemperance prevailed to a fearful extent, slaying its 
thousands. The temperance reformation, however, at 
length came with healing in its wings, giving a check to 
the fell monster. But the serpent is only scotched, it will 
never be effectually destroyed until it is made a penal 
offence to vend alcoholic liquors as a beverage. 

It was the universal custom in our country in the time 
of my youth, and prior thereto, to travel on horse-back. 
Even the ladies, both young and old, were very expert at 
this exercise. The young ladies then had no need to go 
to riding school. From their childhood they were taught 
to mount the side saddle and manage their horse. Being 
thus early initiated, they became as the French say, "au 
fait an chei'al." Even my grandmothers had each her 
riding horse appropriated to her own special use. 
Pleasure carriages were a thing hardly known in those 
days, but modern refinement and taste have introduced 
the more easy and luxurious but less chivalrous and hardy 
practice of riding in carriages; so that now you will see 
on the Sabbath the light Jersey wagon and other light 
vehicles lining the streets proceeding on their way to 
church, instead of the cavalcade on horseback. 

T will not omit to notice in passing, a barbarous and 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 6$ 



brutal custom that prevailed in our country at an early- 
period, and which was not wholly laid aside in my 
younger days, viz : at husking bees, stone frolics, military 
training and other public gatherings, it was not unusual, 
after the business of the day was concluded, for some of 
the hardier fellows who by this time were pretty well 
charged with the good "ceiter" to embrace the oppor- 
tunity, while the steam was up, to settle in an amicable 
way some old grudge, and pay ofif old scores, by having a 
pugilistic set-to. The manner of proceeding was some- 
what as follows : The combatants stripped to the bare- 
back, their seconds being chosen, whose business it was to 
see "fair play," and the ring of fifteen or twenty feet in 
diameter being formed, at it they would go; and hard 
blows being freely dealt for a little while, the parties 
militant would probably fall to the ground, then punch- 
ing, gouging and biting. And if the parties escaped 
without the loss of an eye or an ear, a finger or more 
bitten off, they were esteemed fortunate. If, when they 
were prostrated, either one of the parties for want of 
breath cried "wind," they were separated for a time, and 
if either of the belligerents cried "enough" they were 
parted, and thus ended the sport, which, though savage, 
is yet better than dueling. 

There was also a very laudable practice prevailing in 
our country at an early period, which is now more or less 
prevalent in all new settled countries where laboring 
hands are scarce, viz: when any heavy operation was to 
be performed, such as raising a new building, husking a 
field of corn, removing stones off a field, clearing new 
ground, etc., to invite the neighbors to come in a body and 
give a helping hand, thus having what was called a "bee" 

[5 



66 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

or "frolic," dosing the operations with a plentiful and 
rather sumptuous supper. The new-ground operation 
was somewhat after this sort : The neighbors would pro- 
ceed to the forest with their axes and grubbing hoes and 
set to work felling the smaller trees and cutting them up 
for rails and firewood, and girdling the larger ones to 
prevent the circulation of the sap, thus causing their 
death, and these after a year or two were to be cut down 
and converted into fence rails and firewood. With the 
grubbing hoe the small saplings and underbrush were 
taken out by the roots, cut up, and the brush piled into 
heaps, and when dry, burned; the ashes of which help to 
fertilize the virgin soil. The plow is now introduced, 
scratching between the stumps and roots, thus very 
imperfectly preparing the ground for the seed, which is 
best covered by a drag or brush, drawn over the field. A 
moderate crop is the husbandman's reward. 

One of the good things derived from the Puritan 
fathers of New England was the cultivation of church 
music. To this end singing schools were at an early day 
introduced by the younger portion of society. The winter 
evenings were appropriated to this exercise. We thought 
nothing in those days of jumping into the sleigh and 
driving four or five miles to singing school, and returning 
home by ten o'clock at night. Our teaching was con- 
fined rather to the elementary and practical part of music, 
not entering much into the theoretic or scientific part of 
it. The character of the music taught was of the fugue 
kind, wherein harmony rather than melody predominated. 
Although the gamut or grammar was not entirely over- 
looked, yet the fundamental principles of the science were 
not as thoroughly inculcated as might have been desirable. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 67 

Our teachers, so far as I can recollect, were as follows, 
viz : Upson, Linn, Belcher, Morgan, McCracken, etc. 

Formerly the snows fell much deeper and the winters 
were more severe in this country than of late years. I 
have heard my father say that in the winter of 1780-81 
the depth of snow was such that in traveling they did not 
confine themselves to the road, but drove over fences and 
across fields, the snow being sufficiently hard to bear 
them, since which period the weather at that season has 
been gradually growing milder; so much so that some 
winters will pass with scarcely snow enough for any 
sleighing. It is now a very rare thing for the Delaware 
to be frozen over, whereas formerly this was an ordinary 
occurrence. Evidently our climate is ameliorating and 
becoming similar in temperature to the same degree of 
latitude on the European continent. Now as to the cause 
of this change various opinions are entertained, some 
assigning one cause and some another. My own long- 
cherished opinion is that it is owing principally to two 
things : first, to clearing away the forests and opening 
up ^he swamps, whereby the surface of the ground being 
exposed to the action of the sun and the accumulated 
moisture being evaporated, the ground becomes dryer and 
consequently warmer. A second cause contributing, I 
think, in no small degree to the same effect, is the cultiva- 
tion of the soil ; the action of the plow, in turning up the 
sub-soil, thus loosening the ground and exposing a greater 
surface to the action of the sun, consequently also produc- 
ing increased dryness and warmth. With the increased 
heat of the ground, the temperature of the atmosphere is 
likewise increased, consequently less snow falls and is 
sooner melted. These several causes continuing to act. 



68 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

the probability is that in the course of time, our climate 
will assimilate to the mildness of the same latitudes in 
western Europe. The gulf stream, however, exercises a 
benign influence upon that country which is experienced 
in a much less degree in our own country. 

The old stone mansion at Stillwater, in which most of 
us were born and all of us were brought up, was built 
about the year 1784-85. It was considered a splendid 
building in its day. It is very pleasantly situated on the 
brOw of the third plateau of the valley, elevated some 
fifteen or twenty feet above the alluvial ground in front; 
having a beautiful view of the kill with the meadows 
bordering it, and of the hills beyond for a considerable 
distance up and down the stream. In this vista are also 
comprehended the mill, the race, the bridges, etc. 

An incident occurred at an early day which it may not 
be out of place to notice here, viz : the burning of the first 
barn, built by father in the year 1792 or '93. It was a 
frame building, rather new, standing on the site of the 
present one, about 150 yards west of the dwelling house. 
The occurrence was on this wise : The teamster coming 
home after night-fall with the four-horse team and going 
to the stable to feed his horses, my brother Nathan, then 
quite a small boy, volunteered to carry the lantern, and 
being a great admirer of hens and chickens, he took the 
opportunity while the man was busied with the horses, to 
examine the fowls through the opening leading to their 
roost on the cow rack underneath, through which hay was 
passed to the animals from the barn floor. While thus 
engaged, the candle in the open lantern coming in contact 
with the hay mow reaching down nearly to the floor, it 
instantly caught fire, and the whole building was speedily 




Shafer Homestead, Stilliflrater. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 69 



enveloped in flames, and soon with all its contents, except 
the live stock, reduced to a heap of smouldering ruins. 
All the cattle, both horses and cows, were very fortu- 
nately, through the exertions of those present, safely 
rescued from the devouring element. My mother and old 
Dine, the colored woman, heroically entered the cow- 
stable, unchained the poor beasts and let them escape, 
while the conflagration was raging over their heads. 
Every quadruped was thus got safely out of danger; but 
what became of the poor fowls, whether rescued or con- 
sumed alive, I do not recollect. This catastrophe occurred 
late in the fall, and I distinctly recollect the sympathy and 
kindness of the neighbors on the occasion, some taking 
cattle to winter, others bringing loads of hay to supply 
the wants of those that were necessarily kept at home. 
During the next spring and summer the present barn was 
erected. 

The old school house in which I received the first 
elements of my English education, I believe, has gone to 
decay. It was situated alx)ut two or three hundred yards 
west of sister Margaretta's dwelling, close under the hill 
where the lime-stone rocks jut out furthest. The teachers 
were numerous in a long succession of years. First of all 
was Paddy MacElvany, fresh from the green Shamrock. 
He gloried in teaching children to read hard names, 
together with the Children's and Westminster Shorter 
Catechism. In consequence of his too great liking for the 
ardent, his right hand refused its cunning, and he resorted 
to the use of copperplates to teach his pupils chirography. 
The next was Hubbard, an old Revolutionary soldier 
from New England. He was given to inebriation also. 
The next was Crosby, from the isle of Erin. He was 



^0 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

generally sober, but never refused good cheer when 
offered gratuitously. Next came one by the name of 
Hand — not remarkable for any great deeds. To him 
succeeded Boulton, a great arithmetician, but addicted 
occasionally to long-continued sprees. He as well as the 
following, whose name I do not recollect, were both 
from the Emerald Isle; the last, as well as the preceding, 
delighted to suck the liquid poison. The next was Mr. 
Graham, a gentlemanly man who also came from Ireland. 
He married Miss Polly Arrison, my father's cousin. 
Next came Dillingham, a Revolutionary soldier; was in 
the battle of Monmouth under Washington. After him 
succeeded Coffee, an Irish strolling play actor, who taught 
us something of the art of speaking dialogues, etc., and 
gave us a taste for theatricals. After this I tended mill for 
five years; then in May, 1803, went to grammar school at 
Baskingridge, under the tuition of the late Dr. Finley. 
One week previous to my leaving home on this occasion, 
viz : on the eighth of May, a snow fell to the depth of six 
inches, killing the fruits. A commodious academy was 
erected some years ago at the head of the lane, in which a 
flourishing school is now kept. 

For a period of about a quarter of a century, an insect 
called the Hessian fly preyed upon the growing wheat 
crop in our part of the country to such an extent as almost 
to prevent its culture. After this period the ravages of 
the insect gradually ceasing, the cultivation of wheat was 
resumed, and has been successfully pursued to the present 
day. The state of agriculture has much improved of late 
years, and fine crops of wheat are now raised in all parts 
of the country. During the suspension of wheat-growing, 
the dependence for bread was upon corn, rye and buck- 




Shafer Homestead, Stillwater. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 7^ 



wheat. The corn raised at Stillwater and vicinity was 
peculiarly rich and sweet. The period of the fly depreda- 
tion commenced about the year 1794. The soil in the 
region around Stillwater is susceptible of a high state of 
cultivation. It needs only the aid of science to bring out 
its full capacity for production. The distance of some 
fifty miles to market suggested the idea of converting 
grain, roots, etc., into stock, and thus save the expense of 
heavy transportation. Pursue the grass and root culture, 
feed cattle and they will furnish manure. 

I think my brothers, William and Finley, have within 
their reach the means of enriching their farm to almost 
any desirable extent, in the possession within half a mile 
of their dwelling of an inexhaustible quantity of shell- 
marl, and an illimitable deposit of black mould or muck in 
their lower meadows ; which two ingredients, if made into 
compost by mixing about three parts muck to one of 
marl, and this spread upon the land at the rate of thirty 
or forty two-horse loads to the acre and plowed in, would 
greatly fertilize the soil. The increased production would 
well pay for the extra expense. The compost should be 
formed in the fall, so as to give it the benefit of the 
winter's frost. 

In the fruit line the staple production is applies, almost 
every farmer having his own apple orchard. In general, 
however, they are only the natural fruit. Few persons 
in the neighborhood, except at Stillwater, have as yet 
paid much attention to grafting. Cherries are very 
generally raised. Every farmer will have his row of 
cherry trees. They consist almost invariably of what is 
called the common red cherry; the trees growing not very 
tall, with a well-formed round top. They are great 



72 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

bearers, and are rather large, bright red, and have a rich, 
juicy sub-acid taste. I think they are about the finest 
cherries for pies I ever knew. It is much to be regretted 
that so Httle attention is paid to its culture. On a recent 
visit to that part of the country, I was pained to observe 
the old stock of trees almost gone, through decay, and no 
care taken to replace them by a younger growth, so that 
there is reason to fear the species will become extinct. 
The tall cherry tree, raised to some extent, though 
handsomer in its conical shape, yet does not bear so good 
fruit as the other. Pears are raised to a limited extent. 
Plums, a garden fruit, are not much attended to, but 
where their garden culture is pursued, their product is 
abundant and of excellent quality. I have eaten as fine 
ones at Stillwater as are usually seen in the Philadelphia 
markets. Quinces are raised pretty generally as a garden 
fruit. Currants, raspberries and gooseberries are common 
products of the garden. In regard, however, to straw- 
berries, raspberries and blackberries, a majority of people 
depend mainly on the natural growth of the field. 
Whortle or huckle berries grow abundantly in the moun- 
tain forests. 

Peaches have not succeeded in that part for many years. 
Two causes seem to militate against their success. First, 
the late frosts in the spring, to obviate which the treeS" 
should be planted on the north side of hills to retard the 
blossoms beyond the reach of frosts. A second cause of 
their decay is the cutting of a worm around the root, just 
under the surface of the ground, eating through the bark 
and thus destroying the circulation of the sap. Three 
methods have been resorted to for the purpose of destroy- 
ing these vermin. First, to dig around the root and with 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 73 



a jackknife cut out the worm; though an effectual remedy, 
it is laborious and tedious, and must perhaps be repeated 
every year. A second plan is after cutting out the worm 
as above, then to coat the denuded root with tar, so as to 
prevent their re-access to the root of the tree. These two 
operations should be performed in the spring of the year. 
A third plan is after clearing away the sod and dirt a little 
from the root of the tree, then to pour a bucket of boiling 
hot soap-suds around the root, which speedily destroys 
the worms and fertilizes the tree. In this case there is no 
necessity for cutting out the worm previous to the scald- 
ing. This last method I am in favor of as being easier 
and more beneficial than either of the others. The suds 
may be applied at any season when the vermin may be 
alive. Putting lime and ashes about the root and mulch- 
ing straw or tan, all have their good effect in this way. I 
presume the same treatment would answer an equally 
good purpose with other fruit trees, as the apricot, plum, 
quince, etc. The blackberry is a fruit whose culture has 
scarcely as yet been attempted even by our city gardeners. 
Its excellence as a table fruit is held in much higher 
esteem than formerly, and I have no doubt that the berry 
would be greatly improved, both in size and flavor, by 
suitable horticulture. 

Of native grapes, there are two or three different kinds 
at and around Stillwater. The fox grape is the most 
abundant, growing along the streams and in the wooded 
valleys. It is rather a large fruit, thick skin, and not very 
highly flavored. Their most useful application is to take 
them in their unripe state and stew for tarts, and also to 
preserve. There is also a smaller variety growing on the 
ledges of the lime-stone cobbles. They have a pleasant 



74 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

sub-acid taste; do not come to maturity until frost comes, 
hence they have got the name of "frost grapes." They 
are esteemed for preserving and used for pies, tarts, etc. 
They cultivate in addition some foreign grapes at Still- 
water as the Isabella, Catawba and one or two kinds sup- 
posed originally to have come from Germany, of a very 
superior quality. 

Of edible nuts various kinds abound at Stillwater and 
in the vicinity, as the chestnut, shellbark, walnut, butter- 
nut, hazlenut, etc. The native plums growing at Still- 
water were of a delicious flavor — how far they might 
have been improved by culture has never to my knowledge 
been brought to the test of experiment. The principal 
forest trees of that region are white oak, black oak, 
hickory, walnut, chestnut, poplar, beech, elm, maple, 
buttonwood, birch, dogwood, etc., etc. In some of the 
swamps near the Kittatiny or Blue Mountain the spruce, 
pine or tamarack abounds. The crab apple formerly 
flourished along the kill, and perhaps does still. So far 
as my recollection serves me, the growth of the native 
grapes above alluded to is confined principally if not 
entirely to the lime-stone region. Cherries flourish best 
on the slate ridge and mountain districts. The peach and 
apple and stone fruits, in general, do best on ground cul- 
tivated in hoed crops, such as corn, potatoes, etc., and not 
in sowed grain. 

I must not omit to mention in passing the existence of 
a natural curiosity at Stillwater, viz : a mound of some 
six feet elevation lying in the lower field near the lime- 
stone hill in front of sister Margaretta's house. It is flat 
on the surface, covering about an acre of ground. Now 
the query is, what should have caused this singular 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 75 

elevation while the whole field around is perfectly level? 
In theorizing on the subject, I have supposed that inas- 
much as it could not be accounted for from natural causes, 
it must be a work of art, that the hand of the aborigines 
must have been engaged in its production, and it is, per- 
haps, the work of centuries gone by; its object being 
probably either for a necropolis or depository of the dead, 
or else a military fortification. Mounds of a similar kind 
and for like purposes are frequent in the western country. 
The ground over this mound has been under cultivation 
for a century past, without the least suspicion, perhaps, of 
what might be deposited underneath. I have often 
thought it would be a matter of no small interest to make 
an excavation into the same with a view to solve the 
problem as to its surmised contents. 

Slavery formerly existed here to a limited extent. The 
Van Campens over the mountains, my father and his 
brothers and my uncles Armstrong, all held slaves of the 
African race, more or less. My father held at one time, 
eight or ten of them. The system, however, existed here 
in its milder form. The slaves and white laborers associ- 
ated and worked together, and in all respects fared alike, 
only that in lodging and messing they were separate. 
This was the only distinction as regards their domestic 
treatment ; the blacks feeling as much interest in the pros- 
perity of the farm and stock as the others. They indeed 
felt a greater degree of home interest, being in a measure 
allodial to or indentified with the soil. Yet notwithstand- 
ing, they were held as chattels and, like other personal 
property, liable to transfer. And although there was little 
traffic in slaves, yet enlightened Christian philanthropy 
began to produce doubts in the minds of the better 



76 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



informed, whether it was right to hold their fellow beings 
in a state of bondage, liable to be bought and sold as 
cattle. This sentiment growing and strengthening with 
the increasing light of the age, gradually brought about 
emancipation. And finally the slaves were set free, an 
act of the Legislature enjoining the same thing after a 
limited age.^ 

As a memento of the olden time and as tending also to 
illustrate a feature in the German character, I will just 
allude to one or two things by the way, viz: In my 
younger boyhood, when the old German congregation was 
in its more flourishing condition, the Rev. Jacob Senn 
being pastor and old Mr. Kingsbury being chorister, the 
old gentleman would start and carry out the tune in a 
peculiarly soft and effeminate voice, which though not 
unmusical had somewhat of the whistling sound of the 
whippoorwill, which rendered it peculiarly attractive and 
interesting. Now along with this we had the full clear 
musical tones of old Mrs. Swartzwelder, who, throwing 
her whole soul into the sacred song, would extend her 
shrill voice so as to fill the whole house, drowning the 
clerk's clear voice and obscuring those of the whole con- 
gregation. This last was singing in the true German 
style. The great contrast between the two when com- 
bined in one harmonious concert constituted a perform- 
ance at once both unique and interesting. Still further 
to bring into view some traits of the foreign German 
character, I will relate one or two anecdotes. First, of 
old Mr. Kingsbury above named. He was a tanner as 

^ By a law passed Feb. 15, 1804, it was enacted that all slaves born 
after July 4, 1804, should become free on reaching the age of twenty- 
five years. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES, 77 



well as a farmer in a small way, and in his code of dis- 
cipline it was his practice literally to fulfil the divine 
command and not spare the rod, so that for every devia- 
tion from the path of rectitude a flagellation was the 
penalty. The apprentice boys were not long in finding 
out, by certain unequivocal signs, when the steam was up 
and what would certainly follow, and accordingly pre- 
pared for the ordeal in arming themselves with a coat of 
mail by tying their leather aprons on their backs under 
their shirts; thus, while gaining to themselves the credit 
of summary correction, they adroitly shifted the penalty 
upon the guilty cowhide. Another anecdote bearing 
upon the same point was the case of an old German 
widow lady who resided on a very small farm about a 
mile from Stillwater. She had two children, Henry and 
Katy Adams. Henry, as industrious a creature as need 
be, carried on the miniature farm with great neatness and 
efficiency; Katy, of course, managed the dairy (for they 
kept several good cows), and attended to the household 
affairs. The old lady was and had been bedfast for many 
years; yet, prostrated as she was, she was the ruling spirit 
of the whole concern. All orders and directions pro- 
ceeded from her lips. A strict account was also required 
by her of all the operations on the premises, both indoor 
and out, and Henry, though some forty years of age, must 
obey minutely all her instructions. And if he deviated in 
the smallest degree, even inadvertently, he incurred a 
severe retribution, for on these occasions the trembling 
son when summoned to her bedside would receive on his 
back the infliction of the rod with all the force that a 
feeble mother's arms could apply it, poor Henry bearing 



78 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



the chastisement in all due submission, and I suppose he 
profited by the discipline. 

I have often wondered how our name came to lose its 
original German orthography, "Schaefer" (Anglice Shep- 
herd), and to be changed into the barbarous soubriquet, 
"Shaver." My grandfather spelled his name Schaeffer, 
as is seen in ancient documents and records. Why, then, 
should the strange alteration have been effected? My 
father doubtless could have explained the matter, but I 
never thought of making the inquiry, and I suppose there 
is no one now living who could throw light upon the 
subject. I have ventured to assume the original, and I 
hope it will yet be adopted by all my relatives. 

It may not be amiss, perhaps, in this place to say a few 
words in regard to the animal creation formerly pre- 
dominating in this part of the country. And first, of 
quadrupeds, domestic and wild. Of the domestic kind, 
horses claim the first notice, as the most noble of quadru- 
peds. They were possessed universally by the farmers, 
and of stout, strong, serviceable breed, suitable either 
for the plow, the team, or the saddle. My Uncle Isaac 
possessed a noble stud horse of high blood, whose foals 
were a superior race of spirited animals, well adapted for 
all service. This noble sire, Marquis, was my father's 
military steed on the western expedition. His usual gait 
when on the march was that of prancing. He moved 
majestically, and was very much admired on that occasion, 
seeming to be proud of his situation and to take delight 
in keeping step with the martial music. 

The horned cattle were of the ordinary breed of the 
country, originally, I suppose, from some English stock. 
The cows yielding rich milk were good for the dairy. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 79 



The steers, well trained, made fine oxen either for the 
plow or the team, and both when fattened made excellent 
beef. Sheep were kept generally by the farmers in 
moderate numbers. Their wool was ot rather a coarse 
quality and was generally manufactured in the family and 
answered well for ordinary domestic purposes. Their 
lamb and mutton, when well fattened, were good for the 
table. In the early part of this century^ the breed of sheep 
was much improved by a cross with the Merinos, which 
were introduced into the country from Spain and France 
about that period, and subsequently into many parts of 
the country from Saxony. Swine were almost universally 
raised, every household, almost, having its piggery. 
They were of different qualities, some large and fine, 
others of an inferior grade. The better grade, well 
fattened, made excellent pork and hams. The Berkshires 
and other improved varieties were not introduced until a 
later period. It was formerly the practice at Stillwater to 
make what was called "bloodwurst" after this manner, 
viz : take the finer and more cerous part of the blood, mix 
with it a due proportion of fat meat cut into small bits, 
season with salt, pepper, etc.; then put it in sacks made 
of the larger intestines and boil for say half an hour. 
When wanted for use, cut it into thin slices and fry, a 
delicious dish. 

The canine species next claim a passing notice. I 
suppose they have always been the companions of 
civilized man. Their prevalence has been universal in 
our country, every householder having one or more 
attached to his domicile. They were generally of the 
large mastiff breed, and useful in the country as a safe- 

* The nineteenth. 



80 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

guard to the premises at night, but in the city, where they 
also abound, they are not only useless but a perfect 
nuisance, which ought to be abated. The great objection 
to their existence in the city is their liability to become 
rabid. For one mad dog may do more mischief in one 
short hour than all the dogs in creation are worth. 

I will next notice some of the more prominent of the 
wild animals that formerly inhabited this part of the 
country. First, of the harmless and useful. Of these the 
deer stands first in order; good for their venison as well 
as for their skin. They originally were plentiful in the 
forests, but as the country became more cleared up and 
settled, they gradually disappeared. But about twenty- 
five years since they for some cause reappeared, and were 
rather plentiful in the mountains, frequently falling vic- 
tims to the hunter's rifle. Bears may be ranked among 
the inoffensive beasts, though they are sometimes mis- 
chievous. They are useful for food as well as for their 
hide, retaining their hair. They formerly abounded, but 
have now for many years almost entirely disappeared. 
Bruin, with many other tenants of the forest, seeks his 
domicile in the untrod wilderness. The rabbit, the ground 
hog, raccoon, and squirrel, all abounded formerly to a 
greater or less extent, but of late years they are less 
abundant. These are all useful for food — their peltries 
also in some degree valuable. 

I will next notice some of the mischievous of the wild 
animals; and first, of the wolf, one of the fiercest and 
most ferocious of the dwellers in the forest, proverbial 
for its nightly depredations on sheepfolds. and also prey- 
ing upon the young of other animals. They have been 
known even to attack man when a hungry pack of them 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 8l 



would happen to meet a solitary individual in a lonely 
place at night. It is the opinion of some naturalists that 
the dog originally sprang from the wolf. In their 
physical conformation they bear a strong resemblance to 
each other, and in their character there seems to be not a 
very remote analogy. The wolf was found numerous and 
very destructive at an early period of our country's 
history; but as the forests, their favorite haunt, were 
cleared up and the country settled, they gradually with- 
drew to more remote regions. Reynard the fox, though 
not ferocious like the wolf, is yet more famed for his 
cunning and equally destructive in his furtive and nightly 
visitation to the hen roost. Such is his subtlety and 
mischievous character that he deserves to be ranked 
among the varmints. Both the wolf and fox are worth- 
less except for their pelts. 

Now a few words about those animals more properly 
denominated vermin. First, the mink is a small black 
sleek creature, whose place of resort is along water 
courses and low ground. Its depredations are mainly 
upon eggs, chickens, goslings, ducklings, etc. They were 
never numerous, and less so now than formerly. The 
skunk is a remarkable little animal, of a black color and 
white tail. It is equally prone as the mink to commit 
ravages upon hens' nests, young chickens, ducks, etc. But 
their chief peculiarity is their power of emitting a re- 
markably offensive and subtle odor, which fills the 
atmosphere for a distance around, its disagreeable fetors 
continuing to afifect the surrounding air for days together. 
Their principal means of defence when pursued is to pour 
out their vials of wrath, and thus in its overwhelming 
stench, make good their retreat. They burrow about 

[6 



82 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



barns and stables and low grounds, and are less numerous 
than formerly. The muskrat is an amphibious animal, 
burrowing in the banks of streams, commencing its exca- 
vation just under the surface of the water. They tunnel 
it in a direction upward, so as to place their nest, which is 
made of weeds and grass, out of the reach of the water. 
Their chief injury is in undermining meadow banks, and 
the banks of mill races. Their only utility is their peltry, 
their fur being valuable. They are generally caught by 
trapping. There are fewer than formerly. 

Of reptiles, I beg to make a few remarks. At an earlier 
day the country was a good deal infested with them. The 
only venomous amongst the several kinds were the rattle 
snake and the pilot, the former having their dens in the 
caverns of the neighboring rocks, and making their 
appearance in the spring when the genial rays of the sun 
would warm them into life. The latter were usually 
found in the meadows at mowing time. The bite of both 
these is poisonous, and has sometimes proved fatal, their 
venom being of an acid character. The best means to 
counteract its effects was the use of alkalies, as the spirit 
of ammonia (hartshorn), solution of potash or soda, 
taken inwardly as well as applied to the wound, or by 
poultice. These reptiles are rarely seen at the present day. 
The blacksnake is supposed not to be venomous, and is 
formidable only from its sneaking propensity to act the 
boa constrictor. It can move at a rapid rate. He is 
known to have entwined himself around the neck of an 
ox with a view to strangle him, and then tap the jugular 
vein, the poor beast meanwhile running and bellowing 
for life. The water snake and garter snake are harmless, 
and scarcely deserve a passing notice. Of all the walk- 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 83 



ing or creeping things in creation, I have the greatest 
abhorrence for snakes, and am happy to find they are 
gradually disappearing from the abodes of men. The 
toad is, I think, classed among the reptiles, but it is harm- 
less, and at the same time very useful in the garden in 
catching numerous insects and protecting the tender 
plants from their depredations. 

Having got through with what I have to say about 
quadrupeds, both wild and tame, and creeping things, I 
next proceed to say a few words in relation to the 
feathered tribes, both domestic as well as some of those 
less perfectly domesticated. And I would here remark 
that the preceding and succeeding observations about 
animals have reference to Stillwater and its vicinity. Of 
the domestic fowls, the peacock, from the splendor of 
its plumage and lofty bearing, seems to claim the first 
notice. From my earliest remembrance they were raised 
and kept at Stillwater. It is rather a shy bird, light upon 
the wing, ranging at large over the farm. Their shrill 
notes are generally an indication of an approaching storm. 
When he struts and spreads his full-grown tail, forming 
a semi-circle of about seven or eight feet in diameter, 
exhibiting all the variegated hues for the rainbow, the 
show is magnificent. They lay but few eggs, are hardy 
and easily raised, are useful for the table, but are mainly 
prized for their beautiful plumage. The neck of the 
male bird is an elegant mixture of changeable blue and 
green. 

The turkey is a famous bird; has always been raised 
at Stillwater— useful almost only for the table. But for 
this it is pre-eminent. Who does not know the 
luxury of a fine young roast gobbler with cranberry 



84 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

sauce? The domestic bird sprang from the wild turkey, 
which roams at large in the western wilds and prairies. 
It is indigenous to America. Dr. Franklin was of opinion 
that the turkey should have been adopted as the aegis of 
American liberty instead of the eagle. The common 
chicken is universally known and possessed, valuable 
both for its eggs and the table. The shanghais, cochin 
chinas, etc., have been lately introduced, and improved 
the breed of fowls very much in size. The cruel practice of 
caponizing is being to some extent introduced, by which 
means the size and flavor of the bird are much improved. 
The Guinea hen was early introduced at Stillwater. It 
is a pretty bird of dappled gray color, with a lively note 
of "buckwheat, buckwheat." It is a hardy fowl, easy to 
raise, useful for its eggs and the table. It was introduced 
originally from Africa. Tame pigeons have been for a 
long time cultivated at Stillwater. They are very little 
trouble to raise. All the care they need is to be provided 
with a well-sheltered cage and a little grain in the winter 
season. If well provided for, they will generally lay and 
hatch two eggs every month, except February. When 
full grown and ready to fly the squabs are very fat and 
make a delicious barbecue. They are much on the wing, 
have no musical note, but are yet very companionable. 

I will now advert for a few moments to birds of pas- 
sage, of a domestic and social character. And first, of the 
robin, "sweet robin red-breast," who never fails to make 
his annual return in early spring to his former abode; 
taking possession of the orchard and garden, and greeting 
the domestic circle with his lively chirps. His morning 
and evening songs are delightful. In the months of May 
and June at Stillwater it is really enchanting to hear sing- 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 85 

ing of the various kinds of feathered songsters, commenc- 
ing at the break of day and continuing till after sunrise. 
It is one unbroken stream of choral sounds, cock robin 
taking the lead in the performance, followed by the black- 
bird, the thrush, meadow-lark, pewee, wren, chippie, 
martin and hosts of others in endless variety, making one 
universal strain of harmonious song, each to vie with the 
other who shall raise the highest note of praise to the 
Great Creator. How often have I listened with rapture 
to the united burst of morning melody of these feathered 
songsters in their simple joyous strains uttering praise 
to the great I Am. Give thanks to Him all ye creatures 
of His. 

The different varieties of the swallow, as the martin, 
the barn swallow, chimney and bank swallow, etc., make 
their regular visits, occupying their former domicile with 
each returning season and cheering us with lively chatter. 
The martin in his annual visitation likes to be accommo- 
dated with a cage. Now a question arises as to the utility 
of these welcome annual visitors who so delightfully 
enliven our rural scenery. In return for the very small 
quantity of fruit consumed, they destroy myriads of 
insects that prey upon the fruits of the earth. They also 
devour immense quantities of the larvae of insects and 
worms. Hence they are more to be commended a thous- 
and times than the reckless sportsman who goes prowling 
about the premises in mere wantonness for their destruc- 
tion. Spare the birds. Spare them for their music, spare 
them for their utility. It is almost needless to mention 
other birds of passage, as the whippoorwill, the wood- 
pecker, bluejay, red-bird, catbird, meadow-lark, etc., etc., 
all of which have their cheering and enlivening effect, and 



86 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

teach lessons of wisdom to man. The pheasant and the 
quail spend their winters with us. 

I ought, perhaps, before the last-named class, to have 
spoken of the domesticated aquatic fowls. Of these the 
goose claims the first attention. There is a considerable 
variety of the genus Anser. The kind always raised at 
Stillwater were the large gray variety, good breeders, and 
useful for their feathers as well as for the table. A young 
fat roast goose is a savory dish. Ducks were cultivated to 
some extent formerly at Stillwater. They were large, of 
a dark gray color, the drakes wearing a beautiful dark 
green head-dress. They afforded good feathers, but were 
chiefly esteemed for the table. A young fat roast duck 
is an inviting and savory dish. 

The only ones of the entomological or insect class that 
I shall mention are the honey bee and the common house 
fly. These two insects seem to follow in the track of 
civilization. Wherever civilized man has fixed his habi- 
tation these two little busy animals are also found 
industriously discharging their respective offices. The 
one for utility exclusively, the other partly beneficial and 
partly tormenting to both man and beast. The bee is a 
wonderful creature. It forms its cells in constructing its 
combs with the greatest mathematical precision in, I 
think, pentagonal figures, of about five-eighths of an inch 
in depth, each separated by a septum or partition from 
a cell corresponding to it on the other side of the comb. 
When these waxen cells are filled with the delicious fruit 
of their untiring industry, they are hermetically sealed, 
so throughout the whole extent of the curiously formed 
depository, until it is fully charged with that which 
contributes so essentially to the gratification and nourish- 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 87 



ment of ungrateful man, who, to obtain the avails of 
their labors, was formerly in the habit of destroying the 
little meritorious producer thereof by applying the brim- 
stone.. Modern science, however, has introduced a much 
improved hive, by means of which the honey can be 
obtained without killing the bee. 

The utility of the common house fly is to consume the 
carbonized atmosphere generated by human breaths, as 
well as other impurities of the air. Its being web-footed 
enables it to walk upon an upright mirror, or upon the 
ceiling of a room, where the most impure air of the apart- 
ment is found. Notwithstanding the above restriction in 
regard to insects, I think it hardly fair to pass by the three 
noted household pests in silence, viz: roaches, fleas and 
''bedlamites." The first abound greatly in cities, and take 
up their abode in kitchen closets and fire places, to the 
great annoyance of housekeepers, delighting in moisture 
and sweets. It is said the fresh leaves of elder, if strewed 
in their path, will drive them away. Red wafers will 
also destroy them to some extent, if broken fine and 
scattered in their places of resort. 

Fleas abound where swine and the canine species resort. 
But they prefer, notwithstanding, to cultivate acquaint- 
ance with the higher order of creation and fatten at the 
expense of human flesh and blood, at whose cost enjoying 
their nightly revels. The best remedy after hunting them 
down is to keep at a distance from those animals from 
whom they originate. The last-named gentry delight to 
take up their abode not in the kitchen or out-door apart- 
ments, but in the bed chamber and beds of good citizens. 
And if once suffered to get the upper hand, they are a 
most troublesome pest and hard to be subdued. Various 



88 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



remedies have been recommended and tried for the 
destruction of these vermin, as mercury, turpentine, etc. 
But, Hke sin, nothing is so effectual to keep them under 
or within reasonable bounds as daily vigilance, hunting 
them out and waging an exterminating war. In this I 
doubt not every careful, prudent and tidy housekeeper will 
coincide with me. 

In this place I think it well to revert to certain dis- 
tinguished mercies experienced by several members of 
our family, in which the hand of God was most signally 
manifested. The first instance was in the case of my 
father, who on his return from the city of New Brunswick 
in the latter part of the winter of 1795 (where he, with 
other officers, had been to receive the arrearages of their 
pay for the campaign of the autumn previous) was 
overtaken in a severe snowstorm in which he contracted a 
heavy cold, the result of which was a severe fit of sickness 
which continued for a number of weeks. In the month of 
April succeeding, the smallpox being introduced into the 
family, a part of us were inoculated and sent over the 
way to Uncle Isaac's, to pass through the disease. My 
father, equally with the rest of us, was to be a subject of 
the operation, but was not yet thought sufficiently 
recovered for the ordeal. But it unaccountably so 
happened that although he was inoculated a couple of 
weeks after the first parcel of us, that he took the infection 
the natural way, notwithstanding all our precautions, and 
so severely that his life was for a time in great jeopardy. 
Yet the Lord in great goodness spared him yet for a 
quarter of a century, to the great comfort and benefit of 
his family. 

The next case of signal divine interposition was in 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 89 



regard to myself, and it was on this wise. In the same 
spring of 1795, while my father was lying very ill with 
smallpox, I was sent to Fallmills on an errand, and on my 
return riding the mare Nance, who had thrown almost 
every one that had ever ridden her except my father, on 
rising a little hill she espied a hog nestling in the leaves 
in the fence corner, and as was her custom, like lightning 
she started and wheeled round while I, being off my 
guard, was landed with my head and shoulders resting 
on the ground. At this juncture the sensible beast, 
naturally gentle and docile, stood quite still, and for an 
instant, turning her head, looked earnestly at me as if 
sympathizing m my mishap, while I in the meantime was 
endeavoring to soothe her, and reaching up trying to 
disengage my foot from the stirrup, she, frightened at 
the awkward predicament I was in, jumped again as if 
electrified. The fragile girth giving way, very happily 
released me from my perilous situation ; the creature now 
making the best of her way home, and I not in the least 
injured, having obtained assistance at neighbor Swartz- 
welder's, arrived safely home likewise. 

The next narrow escape I had was when the horses ran 
away with my eldest sister and myself on a cold winter 
night, coming home from singing school. The same beast 
as above, and another spirited animal, had been cruelly 
left standing out as the custem then was, without blankets, 
to a rather late hour in the evening, and becoming com- 
pletely chilled were naturally disposed to move off at a 
rapid rate. Accordingly, after proceeding about a quarter 
of a mile, in crossing a little rivulet bridge, the sleigh 
giving a slight jog, off they started at the top of their 
speed. My sister instantly took the alarm, and throwing 



9° MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



herself out into a snow bank, escaped unhurt. In the 
meantime I, Gilpin-Hke, stuck to the vehicle till, proceed- 
ing about 150 yards, the sleigh toppled over, landing me 
with the body in the fence corner, I receiving only a slight 
injury in the knee. The horses, the meanwhile, being at 
full liberty, pursued their course for about three miles 
until, endeavoring to cut across an angle of the road, they 
got entangled in the woods, the Nance mare receiving a 
bad cut in the foot which laid her by for the remainder of 
the winter. My sister and I made our way back to Uncle 
Roy's, who very kindly hitched up his sleigh and brought 
us home, when father and the bound boys turned out in 
search of the runaways, which they found about a quarter 
of a mile away from home, as above stated. 

Another incident, more thrilling perhaps than either of 
the preceding, occurring to me some time afterwards, was 
on this wise, viz : Being engaged in tending the saw mill 
and occasionally having help, so while the other person 
was hoisting the gate I would sportively take hold of the 
pin attached to the saw frame, and as the mill started 
slowly, lift myself up a short distance then drop down 
upon the loose floor of the mill, there being, however, an 
opening beside the saw frame large enough to let me 
through. It so happened on one occasion, that instead of 
lighting on the end of the board as usual, I slipped 
through the opening into the pitman-hole, about eight 
feet below, where I lay at the mercy of the great pitman 
crank slowly coming around threatening to dash me to 
pieces, while I was struggling to get out of my ugly situa- 
tion. Just at this critical moment the man at the gate 
happening to cast his eye down spied me, and instantly 
shutting the gate saved my life. How signal the care in 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 9 1 

this instance of a protecting Providence. My father, on 
hearing of the occurrence, remarked there is mercy yet. 
I escaped, thanks to the Blessed One, without sustaining 
the least injury. 

The next instance of hair-breadth escapes was of my 
sister, Sarah, who when a little girl of about nine or ten 
years of age in returning from Hardwick church on a cold 
autumnal Sabbath, riding the Nance mare of skittish 
memory, who, being chilled after long standing, was ripe 
for a run. My sister being mounted and not well able to 
restrain the mettlesome beast, off she started, first upon a 
trot, then to a canter, and from that to a gallop, the rest 
of us the meanwhile pressing on, striving to overtake her. 
Sarah now finding the steed unmanageable, as a last resort 
letting go the reins, clung to the horns of the saddle. 
Thus in her wild career she passed by a multitude of 
people riding in the same direction, causing no little 
anxiety and alarm, until at length a gentleman whom she 
was passing at full speed, luckily caught hold of the bridle 
and restrained the beast just at the brow of a steep hill, 
she having already become frightened at finding no 
restraint from the rider, and thus my sister was mercifully 
rescued from her perilous situation. 

The case of my brother Nathan falling into the water 
wheel was a remarkable instance of Providential inter- 
ference. It occurred in this wise, viz : Of a cold winter 
night he was tending the mill. When about eight or nine 
o'clock he went out to put ice or tallow on the outer 
gudgeon of the water-wheel, the forebay being all glib 
with ice, of which, perhaps, he was not aware, his foot 
slipping, he lost his balance and pitched head foremost 
into the wheel while in full motion, and striking his fore- 



92 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 



head, as I suppose, against one of the floats or buckets of 
the old-fashioned water-'wheel, thence slipping between 
the buckets, he was floated down the tail race some 
distance. When recovering in some degree from the stun- 
ning effects of the fall and wound (the outer table of the 
frontal bone being badly fractured), he made an attempt 
to clamber up the steep bank of the mill race. He fell 
back from debility and loss of blood into the water again, 
no one being near to render any assistance. In a second 
attempt, however, he succeeded in gaining the top of the 
bank, and with difficulty made his way to the store, about 
a hundred yards distant, all streaming with blood, where 
he found father and some others, by whose aid he was 
brought home and taken care of. It was a happy circum- 
stance that only the outer table of the skull was fractured. 
That, however, was completely broken in. No particular 
surgical operation was called for in the case, yet it was 
many months before he fully recovered. The hand of 
God was signally interposed in this case. 

Before concluding this reminiscence I shall revert for 
a short time to the character, government and discipline 
of my father's family, together with some of the closing 
scenes of my parents" lives, with some reflections, etc. I 
know not at what period it was precisely that my parents 
made a public profession of religion. But it was before 
my recollection, and I presume it was under the ministry 
of either Mr. Thatcher or Mr. Condit; the former, I am 
inclined to think, as there seems from what I have heard 
to have been a revival there under his ministry. He pre- 
ceded Mr. Condit a short time. From my earliest remem- 
brance my father maintained family worship; always on 
the Sabbath morning and evening — not altogether so 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 93 



regularly on the week days in the former as in the latter 
part of his life. He always pursued the practice of invok- 
ing a blessing before meals, and never neglected the 
scriptural and good old Puritanical rule of returning 
thanks to the giver of all good for the favors just 
received. "When thou hast eaten and art full, then thou 
shalt bless the Lord thy God for the good land which he 
hath given thee." Deut. viii, lo. Our parents were some- 
what strict in their discipline, but not rigid; maintaining 
with dignity and due decorum their authority, thereby 
securing implicit obedience, at the same time encouraging 
sufficient freedom of speech and action to preserve mutual 
confidence. We loved, feared, respected and revered 
them. In my childhood we were taught at school to 
answer such Bible questions as. Who was the first man? 
Who was translated? Who was the oldest man? the 
meekest man? the father of the faithful? the first martyr? 
the wisest man? Who built the ark? etc., etc. And when 
a little older, the Westminster Shorter Catechism. The 
Bible was our daily class book at school. It is the best 
reading book, and should never be banished from the 
school as a class book. The notion that by this means we 
make children too familiar with its contents and thus 
lessen their respect for it, is fallacious. It is only the plea 
of the skeptic and infidel. It was the constant practice of 
my father in our youth every Sabbath evening to have us 
go over the whole of the Shorter Catechism, he asking the 
questions in rotation, closing the evening by singing a 
psalm or hymn, and prayer, after reading a portion of 
scripture. 

My father had a sweet melodious voice for singing. 
How often have I listened to his fine tenor voice, attuned 



94 MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 

to a precious hymn, beguiling- the Sabbath morning while 
breakfast was preparing. Were sacred music more culti- 
vated and practiced in the family, the happiest results 
might be anticipated. Sweet melodious sounds have a 
wonderful effect in softening and tranquilizing the feel- 
ings and preparing the heart for devotional exercises. 
Thus the organ, if properly managed, is capable of doing 
much in this way. My father always expected the family 
to go to church on the Sabbath. Horses and vehicles were 
on hand for that purpose, when all hands hied over the 
hills to Hardwick meeting house. 

In his domestic habits my father, naturally of a mild 
and indulgent disposition, was a little strict in his dis- 
cipline, especially to the bound boys, in regard to whom 
his course might be a little bordering on German severity. 
The rod was not spared when dereliction of duty seemed 
to call for its application. I think I have said in a pre- 
ceding part of this writing that my father was of rather 
a modest, retiring disposition. Hence he was not calcu- 
lated to shine in a public deliberative assembly. And 
although not remarkable for acuteness or shrewdness of 
intellect, yet as a military man he excelled. Mounted on 
a spirited and well-trained horse, he appeared to great 
advantage ; and in marshaling and manoeuvering his troop 
or squadron in the field he was in his element, proving 
himself not only an expert horseman, but likewise an able 
commander. It suited his taste and genius admirably. In 
his domestic qualifications, he was in his day a first rate 
miller,^ an excellent conductor of the farm, a good 

*In 1816 Abraham Shaver and his sons Nathan and Peter had a 
store, grist-mill, tannery, blacksmith shop, oil mill, carding machines 
and distillery, at Stillwater, and were largely engaged in farming. 
They employed a good many people, and among the rest had, in 
1816, as many as a dozen slaves. — Snell's History of Sussex and 
Warren Counties. 



MEMOIRS AND REMINISCENCES. 95 



mechanic, excelling in one not unimportant branch of 
mechanical art, being an expert carver of roast turkey. 

And now having gone through, though very imper- 
fectly, with the history of the life and death of my 
ancestors, I will corxlude these reminiscences and obser- 
vations. I submit them with all their imperfections to 
the perusal and indulgent criticism of my friends and 
relatives as well as their posterity, for whose benefit and 
entertainment the work was principally undertaken, hop- 
ing and praying that it may prove a blessing and comfort 
to them. It is rather remarkable that my ancestors and 
friends not only possessed the Christian religion, but 
almost all gave evidence of having died in the faith and 
have gone to heavenly rest. What a consolation does this 
afford! Thanks be to God for such an ancestry, who, 
having filled up the measure of their usefulness in this 
world, have entered into the rest that remaineth to the 
people of God. I rejoice that I can trace my lineage to 
such an ancestry. I esteem it a higher honor to be 
descended from such parentage than to be allied to the 
highest dignitaries of earth, if they are without piety. 




June 5, 1855. 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES 



t 7 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES 

OF 

Residents of Sussex County 

Now Deceased (1855) 

By REV. CASPER SCHAEFFER, M. D. 



I have often thought it would be desirable to attempt a 
work of this kind, and I now regret that I had not begun 
a record of this sort many years ago. The review of such 
a work would be a matter of great satisfaction: the 
memory of the departed is in general too apt to be lost 
sight of by us. I shall begin by placing on the list the 
names of some of by-gone days, without particular refer- 
ence to date, only so far as memory may serve to that end. 

Judge John Linn, a native of Hardwick Township, 
of Irish extraction, after spending the earlier part of his 
life on his native place, removed with his family to 
Hardyston, in the upper part of the County, where he 
purchased a farm and continued to reside the remainder 
of his days. He married the daughter of the senior 
Richard Hunt, of Hardwick. Judge Linn was possessed 
of a strong mind and sound judgment, endowed with 
talents above mediocrity; so that his influence was not 
inconsiderable in the community, and of a salutary kind. 
He represented the district in the United States Con- 
gress for several terms^ with honor to himself, as well 



lOO BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. 

as advantage and satisfaction to his constituents. While 
in Congress in the winter, I think, of 1822 or '23, he was 
taken ill and died of typhoid fever. His remains were 
shortly after sent for and brought home to his family. 
He was a professor of religion, and I think held the office 
of elder in the Presbyterian church. His age . t his de- 
cease did not exceed sixty years.^ 

Rev. Joseph L. Shafer, D. D. My dear cousin 
Joseph was a native of Stillwater, Sussex County, N. J. 
We were brought up boys together until we left home 
to go to grammar school, he in 1802 to Lamington, and 
I to Baskingridge in 1803. He, after graduating at 
Princeton, turned his attention to the ministry, studying 
theology with the Rev. Dr. Woodhull, of Freehold, N. J. ; 
after licensure he preached some time in Hardyston, I 
think,' and after a short time settled in Newton, where he 

*JoHN Linn, son of Joseph and Martha (Kirkpatrick) Linn, was 
born Dec. 3, 1763, in Hardwick township. During the Revolutionary 
War he was first private, then sergeant, in Capt. Manning's Company, 
Sussex, N. J., Troops. He married May 19, 1791, Martha Hunt, 
daughter of Richard Hunt, Sr., of Hardwick, who died July 25, 1827, 
in the 54th year of her age. They had fourteen children. He was 
sheriff of Sussex Co. and in 1805 was appointed judge of the Court 
of Common Pleas, serving for sixteen years. He was then elected 
member of Congress and re-elected for a second term. He died in 
Washington City, Jan. 5, 1821, of typhoid fever. His remains were 
brought the whole distance in a sleigh to the North Church cemetery, 
where he was buried. His sons, Dr. Alexander Linn and Dr. 
William Helm Linn, were eminent in their profession. His grand- 
son, William Alexander Linn, son of Dr. Alexander Linn, jour- 
nalist and author, graduated at Yale, and afterwards became one of 
the editors of the New York Tribune, and later of the New York 
Evening Post. He is author of a "Life of Horace Greely," "Story 
of the Mormons," and of other historical papers. He is now Presi- 
dent of the People's National Bank at Hackensack, N. J. 

^"In 181 1 Joseph Linn Shafer, D. D., began his ministry (in the 
Hardyston Presbyterian Church), giving by agreement one Sabbath 
out of four to the congregation at Cary's Meeting House, and preach- 
ing also at Sparta and Newton. He received $132 from the North 
Church (Hardyston) as their proportion of the salary. In 1815 he 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. lOI 



continued in the successful discharge of his ministerial 
duties for many years, during which period his labors 
were very much blessed ; he having been favored with one 
or two remarkable revivals, in which seasons of refresh- 
ing many souls were hopefully brought into the Kingdom 
of Christ. Afterward he removed and settled at Middle- 
town Point for several years, and then returned again to 
his old charge at Newton, where he ended his days of 
pilgrimage and the ministry in November, 1853. Cousin 
Joseph was eminently a man of prayer, and therein con- 
sisted the secret of his success in the ministry. My 
Cousin Joseph was naturally unobtrusive, modest and 
retiring, and of a very amiable disposition; and although 
not particularly distinguished for pulpit eloquence, he will 
doubtless have many seals to his ministry in the day 
of Jesus Christ. 

Isaac Shafkr, Esq. My cousin Isaac was born at 
Stillwater, where he resided for a number of years after 
his mother's decease. The paternal domain falling into 
other hands, he took up his abode at Newton, where he 
resided with his family for a number of years, to the close 
of his life, which was, I think, about 1850. Cousin Isaac 
married a Miss Turner and raised a family of children. 
He was a professor of religion, and an efficient advocate 
of the temperance cause. (Born July 23, 1783; died 
Dec. 18, 1849). 

Abraham Shafer, Esq. My cousin Abraham Shafer 



ceased to preach in Hardyston and took the exclusive charge at 
Newton, remaining there as pastor until his death, with the excep- 
tion of two years spent at Middletown Point." See "Hardyston 
Memorial," etc., by Alanson A. Haines, Pastor, Newton, N J 1888 
pa^e 137. 



I02 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. 



was about eight years older than myself. He married 
very young, at the age of about nineteen years; his 
first wife was my cousin Sally Beavers. They had two 
sons : she died in child-bed with the second. His second 
wife was my cousin Lydia Armstrong, from which 
union sprang several children, sons and daughters. 
Cousin Abraham's premature death occurred in 1824, at 
the age of forty-eight years ; it resulted from a severe fall, 
which shocked and bruised him internally, and from neg- 
lect of being bled at the time, mortification ensued. He 
was a man of business and of sterling integrity. Although 
a regular and constant attendant at church, yet he never 
to my knowledge made a public profession of religion. 
He lost his second wife and remained a widower a num- 
ber of years before his decease. 

Dr. David Hunt. He was a son of Richard Hunt, of 
Hardwick, Sussex County, N. J. He studied medicine 
with Dr. Linn, of Newton, after whose death he assumed 
the extensive practice of more than twenty-five miles in 
range, and pursued the laborious and thankless business 
for near forty years. Literally living by day and by night 
on horseback until no longer able to keep the saddle, he 
took to his vehicle until the breaking down of a naturally 
robust constitution obliged him to relinquish the pursuit. 
He then lingered along for several years in an enfeebled 
state of health, until he ended his earthly career in pul- 
monary consumption. The doctor had never made a 
profession of religion; but disease and bodily infirmity, 
it is thought, brought him to serious reflection, giving 
ground to hope that he may have made his peace with God 
before his departure. His decease took place some 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. IO3 



twenty years since. He married my cousin Sally Roy; 
they had three daughters. The mother and second daugh- 
ter died many years before their husband and father. 

Dr. Elijah Everett resided in the township of Hard- 
wick. He was a practitioner in that region, having 
studied the healing art with Dr. Samuel Kennedy. He 
married the daughter of Joseph Gaston, Esquire. He was 
a professor of religion, and died at the age of about 
seventy-five years, in the year 1851. 

Dr. Palmer, originally of Connecticut, came to Hard- 
wick about 1 80 1, taught school for some time, and 
studied medicine in the meantime with Dr. Kennedy. He 
had a ready tact in his profession and was a good prac- 
titioner, considering his limited opportunities for acquir- 
ing medical instruction. He married Betsy, eldest 
daughter of Judge John Armstrong. He practiced first 
in Hardwick, and subsequently settled in Hope, where he 
died about 1812 or 1813. 

Levi Howell, residing in the lower part of Hardwick 
Township, Sussex County, N. J., was an excellent, pious 
man, and a local preacher in the Methodist connection. 
He was for a number of years a member of the Legis- 
lature. He was a little eccentric, but an honest, upright 
man, and zealous for the truth as he apprehended it. He 
died in a good old age, say seventy-five years, about 1820. 

Major Henry Duzenbury, resident at New Hamp- 
ton. Hunterdon County, N. J., engaged in mercantile 
pursuits and possessed a large property in that region. 
He resided for several years, in the latter part of his life, 
in Philadelphia, engaged in mercantile pursuits. While 



I04 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. 

there he sustained some heavy pecuniary losses. The old 
gentleman's great aim through life was to accumulate 
wealth, in which he was very successful, being rather close 
in his dealings, and shrewd in making a bargain : yet 
esteemed a fair and upright dealer. Mr. Duzenbury re- 
turned with his family to New Hampton some years 
previous to his decease, which occurred about 1825 or 6, 
aged about seventy years. 

Joseph Gaston, Esq., of Irish descent and originally 
from Western Pennsylvania, resided in Hardwick Town- 
ship, Sussex County, N. J. He married Miss Linn, sister 
to Judge Linn. They had two daughters, one of whom 
married Dr. Elijah Everett; the other married the Rev. 
John Boyd, pastor of Hardwick church. He was esteemed 
a judicious, upright man; he died of bilious colic, about 
the year 1803 or 4, aged about sixty-five years. 

Joseph Demund, a native, I think, of Sussex County, 
was brought up by my Uncle Peter B. Schaeffer in his 
mill. He was an excellent miller as well as an ingenious 
mechanic. For his third wife he married the widow of 
my Uncle Isaac Schaeffer, about the year 1801. He then 
resided at Stillwater for a number of years, where he 
drove on the distilling business upon a large scale. He 
ultimately removed to Lower Sandusky, in Ohio, where 
he died in very reduced circumstances, aged, 1 suppose, 
between sixty and seventy years. He was a professor of 
religion. 

John Locke, Esq.^ He resided in the lower part of 

^ He was the son of Capt. Francis Locke, ist Battalion Somerset 
Militia, who was killed at Elizabethtown, N. J., Sept. 15, 1777. For 
list of his descendants, see Armstrong Record. 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. IO5 



Hardwick, and was a tailor by trade. After pursuing that 
business a number of years, he purchased a farm and 
turned his attention to agriculture, and was a very indus- 
trious, economical and thriving farmer. He married 
Rachel, eldest daughter of the late George Armstrong, 
Esq. He died in 1832 or 33. Mr. Locke, although 
esteemed in his younger days for his gallantry and polite 
attention to ladies' society, was in his more advanced 
years content to become a laborious farmer. 

James Reeder, Esq., who was a native of Hardwick 
and a polite gentlemanly person, was about 1801, 2 and 3 
engaged in mercantile business at Johnsonburg. He 
married my cousin Euphemia Beavers. They afterwards 
settled at Wilkesbarre, where they resided a number of 
years, and subsequently removed to the State of Ohio, 
where he died some three years ago, aged probably about 
seventy-seven or seventy-nine years, maintaining, as I 
understand, a goodly profession of faith in the Redeemer 
and sustaining the office of elder of the Presbyterian 
church. 

General Aaron Hankinson was an old resident in 
Hardwick Township near Stillwater, a farmer by occupa- 
tion, an elder and leading member of the Hardwick 
church, and at one time chorister of the same. The old 
gentleman was a good kind of man. He was blessed with 
a numerous offspring, raising to full maturity seven sons 
and five daughters. The daughters all married pretty 
well. The old gentleman was very much afflicted in the 
latter years of his life with inflammatory rheumatism, 
which rendered him in a measure helpless. He died at 
rather an advanced age, about 1802 or 3. 



106 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. 

Mrs. Merckle. A worthy and respectable old Ger- 
man lady, our near neighbor at Stillwater; whose only 
daughter, Lizzy, married the Rev. Jacob Senn, who 
officiated as pastor of the German church at Stillwater 
for many years. Mrs. Merckle was a pious lady and an 
amiable, excellent neighbor. In the latter period of her 
life she resided with her grand-daughter, Mrs. Cassady, 
above Newton. Her death occurred probably twenty 
years since. 

Daniel Stuart, Esq.^ He emigrated at rather an early 
period of life from his native Erin. He was in his own 
country educated for a Roman Catholic priest. He settled 
at an early day at Newton, where for many years he was 
engaged in mercantile business in company with John 
Holmes, Esq., a countryman of his. Mr. Stuart possessed 
talent above mediocrity, close in his dealings, but fair; of 
good, moral principles; a Jeffersonian democrat and a 
shrewd politician. He was for many years Surrogate of 
the County. He was somewhat inclined to scepticism at 
one period of his life, but afterward renounced Romanism 
and, I think, gave reason to hope that he died a true 
Christian. He died without issue, some twenty-five years 
ago. 

John Johnson, Esq. He was a native of Sussex 
County and a son of the venerable and respected "old 
Henry Johnson. "^ John was, I think, the third of six 

* Died December, 1822 ; was President of the Sussex Bank, and 
Surrogate for nineteen years, having been appointed December 2, 
1803. 

'Captain Henry Johnson, son of Coart and Charity (Lane) John- 
son, was born at Readington, Hunterdon Co., N. J., Oct. 5, 1737. He 
was an officer in the Revolutionary War, first as Quartermaster of 
the 2d Regiment, Sussex Co. Militia, and afterwards as Captain of 



BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. IO7 

sons born to the old gentleman. His first wife was my 
cousin Hannah Roy, by whom he had five daughters, the 
eldest of whom only is now living (Miss Susan). Mrs. 
Johnson died about the year 1802, of consumption. His 
second wife was my sister Polly, the eldest of our family : 
they were married in 1804. They had three children, 
JelYerson, Whitfield, and Catharine. My sister died in 
child-bed with her daughter, in the spring of 1808. Mr. 
Johnson's third wife was the widow of the late Thos. 
Anderson, of Newton, by whom he had no issue. He 
commenced business at an early period in the mercantile 
line; he then kept the largest hotel in Newton for many 
years, and was clerk of the county for two terms. He 
was a respecter of religion ; as a politician he was an active 
Democrat of the JefTersonian school, and exerted a very 
considerable influence in the county.^ 

Mrs. John Johnson, of Newton. She was the third 
wife of Mr. Johnson and previously the widow of the 

the 13th Company of the same Regiment, Col. John Steward com- 
manding. In 1783 he was collector of the township of Newton, 
Sussex Co. He was one of the founders of the Presbyterian church 
at Newton. N. J., and an elder of the church from its organization 
until his death. He died at Frankford, Sussex Co., Jan. 5, 1826. and 
is buried in the old graveyard at Newton. His wife, Susannah 
Hover, died Nov. 30, 1791. They had six sons, viz: Henry, Jr., 
David and Jonathan (twins), John, Samuel, and William, and two 
daughters, one of whom was the wife of Van Tile Coursen. and the 
other the wife of John Van Deren. His second wife was Ann Van 
Est, whom he married in 1795. They had a daughter, Susanna, who 
married John Hover, and went to Ohio. 

'John Johnson, born at Newton. Sept. 5. 1764, died Feb. 8, 1829. 
He was an extensive land owner at Newton, and held a number of 
public offices. Was postmaster at Sussex Court House (Newton), 
1793, member of the Assembly from Sussex County 1804-5, County 
Clerk Sussex County, 1805-15, and Judge of Court of Common Pleas 
1816-25. He built and occupied the house on High Street, Newton, 
facing the Ridge Road, which was known as "Monticello." He is 
buried in the old graveyard at Newton. 



108 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES. 

late Thomas Anderson, Esq., of Newton. She was a lady 
of cultivated intellect, refined taste and manners, amiable 
disposition and exemplary piety. Her sound judgment 
and discretion were evinced in the manner in which she 
trained and brought up the two sons of Mr. Johnson: 
William Jefferson and Whitfield Schaeffer. Their well 
sustained character and gentlemanly deportment, as well 
as piety, are a standing monument of her excellence of 
character and good management. She died, leaving no 
issue, some fifteen or eighteen years since (about 1841). 

William Johnson, Esq. He was a brother of John, 
above named, and the youngest of the six sons of the late 
Henry Johnson, senior, of Newton. William was more 
talented than any of his brothers. He was naturally of a 
sprightly disposition ; a little volatile in his youth, but had 
a tact for business, which was well improved in subse- 
quent life, when engaged in mercantile business in New 
York, where he acquired a handsome property. His 
health, however, at length declining, he closed his busi- 
ness, purchased a farm and resided for the remainder of 
his days in Lebanon, Hunterdon County, N. J., engaged 
in agriculture. He died some fifteen years ago; I trust, 
in the full faith of the gospel. I suppose his years did 
not much exceed fifty at his demise. 



NATHAN ARMSTRONG 

(Reprinted from the "Armstrong Record," by W. C. Armstrong) 



Nathan Armstrong, the pioneer, was born about 
17 1 7, near Londonderry, in the province of Ulster, Ire- 
land. He was a weaver by trade, a Scotch-Irishman by 
race, and a Protestant by religious faith. At the time of 
his emigration he was unmarried and about twenty-three 
or five years of age. He lived several years in the central 
part of New Jersey; about 1744 he went to the north- 
westerly part of the province, to a section known as the 
Hardwick Patent, and worked at his trade near the 
present village of Johnsonburg. Here he married 
Uphamy Wright, a Scotch-Irish maiden. Their oldest 
child, Elizabeth, was born March 12, 1747. 

He bought a tract of uncleared land of Col. Jonathan 
Hampton and built on it a log-cabin; he moved on his 
plantation May 17, 1748, and became a farmer. At this 
time he was thirty-one or two years of age. The old 
Homestead is one mile northwest of Johnsonburg, in the 
township of Frelinghuysen, county of Warren, New 
Jersey. Here he spent the remainder of his life — twenty- 
nine years of health, industry and thrift. During the 
panic of 1755, caused by Indian outrages on the Jersey 
frontier, Nathan took his wife and children to Marksboro 
every evening and passed the night in a block-house that 
had been erected at that place. He was interested in local 
affairs, held several offices in the township of old Hard- 



I 10 NATHAN ARMSTRONG. 

wick, and was a member of the Board of Justices and 
Freeholders of Sussex County. He was a member of the 
Church of England, and took an active part in the organ- 
ization and establisLiiicnt of Christ Church at Newton, 
New Jersey. The parish was organized October 20, 
1769; its charter bears date August 15, 1774, and con- 
tains the name of Nathan Armstrong as one of the 
original incorporators. He died on Monday, Augnst 11, 
1777, and was buried on the farm of Samuel Green. He 
made his will during his last sickness. Uphamy died on 
Saturday, January 12, 181 1, at the age of eighty-six, and 
rests by the side of her husband. Their daughter Sarah 
married Col. Abraham Shafer. 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFERS 



Alexander Castner Shaffer, son of Peter B. 

Shafer, received his first education in the school at Still- 
water; then he went two years to the Blairstown 
Academy, and after that three years to the Newton 
Collegiate Institute. He belonged to the famous Harris 
Light Cavalry. At the solicitation of Mr. W. C. Arm- 
strong, he wrote out a short account of his experience in 
the war. The thrilling narrative is given in the hero's 
own language. Captain Shaffer writes as follows : 

"1 was living at my home in Stillwater. One night in 
July, 1 86 1, I was awakened from my slumbers by my old 
classmate at the Newton Collegiate Institute, George V. 
Griggs. He informed me that Kilpatrick had arrived in 
Newton that day with authority from the War Depart- 
ment to recruit a regiment of cavalry. He asked me to 
assist hmi in raising a company for the regiment. We 
discussed the matter for the balance of the night, and the 
next morning he left me with the assurance that I would 
join him in getting up a company. I at once commenced 
winding up my business affairs, and in a short time we 
succeeded in raising a company known as Company A, 
the first one raised in the regiment. Company B was 
also organized in Sussex, the two forming the first squad- 
ron of the regiment. We went with the enlisted men at 

^This narrative is reprinted in part from the "Armstrong Record" 
Captam Shaffer however, has recently (Jan., 1907) kindly revised 
and re-wntten the story for the purposes of this publication 



112 CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 

once to New York, where the regimental headquarters 
were. 

"We were mustered into the United States service on 
August lo, 1 86 1, for three years, or during the war, being 
the first cavalry mustered in for three years, J. Mansfield 
Davies being colonel and Judson Kilpatrick lieutenant- 
colonel. We were finally assigned to New York State as 
the Second New York Cavalry, and our regiment was 
commissioned by the Governor of that State and was 
popularly known as the Harris Light Cavalry. Since our 
regiment consisted of companies from several States, the 
two companies from Sussex, A and B, were designated 
as the New Jersey squadron. 

"My squadron, under the command of Captain Duifie, 
who was the captain of my company, was soon detached 
from the regiment, then lying at Washington, and 
ordered to the neighborhood of Poolesville, Md., as escort 
to General Baker, who was then the United States Senator 
from Oregon and in command of the California brigade. 
We were there but a short time when occurred the battle 
of Ball's Bluff, and the death of General Baker. This was 
my first experience under fire. After his death his escort 
recrossed the river with his body. This was in the eve- 
ning, and I began to assist in ferrying the wounded and 
retreating soldiers over the river in a large flatboat, a 
huge unwieldly affair, giiided and propelled by means of a 
tow line from a canal boat stretched across the stream. I 
continued at this work until one or two hours after mid- 
night, when, being thoroughly exhausted and wet through 
by a continuous rain, I was obliged to give up. 

"The first or second boat-load returning after that, the 
line parted in the middle of the river. The boat, loaded 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 1 1 3 



to the gunwales and the current being very swift, at once 
capsized and sank. My impression is that the entire load, 
some sixty or eighty, were drowned. 

"We were soon ordered to join our regiment, then 
stationed at Arlington, and were a part of the First Army 
Corps under Major-General McDowell, whose headquar- 
ters during the winter of 1861-62 were in the Arlington 
House. We remained there until the following spring, 
when the army under Major-General McClellan went to 
the peninsula, our corps covering his right flank during 
his march up the Chickahominy. We were stationed at 
Fredericksburg, Va. 

"During the summer our regiment, under Colonel Kil- 
patrick, was engaged in frequent raids in the rear of the 
Confederate army, destroying large quantities of military 
supplies and the railroads in the vicinity of Richmond. 
Among the prisoners taken by us was Captain Mosby, the 
celebrated guerilla. 

"On McClellan's retreat we took part under Major- 
General Pope in all the engagements from the Rapidan to 
the defences of Washington, and in the Maryland cam- 
paign under McClellan. Sufifice it to say that the com- 
mand as a regiment and in detachments participated in 
over 140 engagements, the records of the War Depait- 
ment showing that it exceeded any other cavalry regiment 
m the war, furnishing two major-generals and five or six 
brigadiers. My active campaigning came to an end in the 
fall of 1863, a few months after the close of the Gettys- 
burg campaign. At that time General Lee was endeavor- 
ing to pass Meade's right flank and get between him and 
the defences of Washington. Meade, uncertain of the 
movement, was slowly falling back, and orders were sent 



I 14 CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 

to General Kilpatrick to ascertain the exact whereabouts 
of Lee's army. 

"It was impossible to send a large force, so my squad- 
ron was selected, and the command given to Captain 
Griggs. About noon on a bright Sunday in October, 
during a halt in the streets of Culpeper, we received cur 
orders to cut through the Confederate cavalry, which was 
then pressing our rear guard back. We had fallen back 
that morning from the Rapidan about ten miles, contest- 
ing the ground with the enemy the entire distance, so that 
every man felt what we were undertaking. After a 
good-by and a God-speed from all the officers of the com- 
mand, the order was given, 'Head of column, right about 
wheel' Being thoroughly familiar with the country, we 
avoided roads except to cross them. At every crossing 
we saw or met straggling squads of the enemy "s cavalry; 
these we were strong enough to push out of our way, 
when we would again take to the woods and by-paths. 
After some ten or twelve miles we came to the pike near 
James City, skirting the base of the mountains and com- 
pletely around Meade's right flank. This we found solid 
with marching infantry and artillery. 

"We pushed up to within a short distance till we could 
plainly distinguish their colors, and until they recognized 
us and halted their column and commenced to deploy 
skirmishers to engage us. As we had accomplished our 
aim, we at once fell leisurely back till hid from view. So 
far all well, not a man lost or wounded, but we all knew 
the worst was to come; from fifteen to twenty thousand 
cavalry had been gathering by different roads in our rear 
during our march. The constant booming of artillery 
behind us told us they were there. Having halted our 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 115 



command, and having explained to them what to report if 
any got through, and that they must get through or die 
trymg, we resumed our retreat, and were just entering the 
outskirts of Culpeper when the advance fired and fell 
back upon the main column. The town was held by a 
division of Confederate cavalry. The cannonading and 
carbine rattle, with the cheers of the charging columns 
showed that the rear of the Union army was not far away! 
"A hasty consultation with Griggs and order, 'To the 
right charge,' and we were dashing through a stretch of 
woods, Griggs leading the right flank, and myself on the 
left. 

"Being on the right, to pass to the left, after the order 
was given, threw me slightly to the rear. Emerging from 
the woods we came upon another division of cavalry 
entering Culpeper by another road which we were com- 
pelled to cross. Continuing our charge on their line, they 
opened and allowed us to pass through; but as we went 
through they gave us a terrible enfilading fire on the 
flanks. Being slightly in the rear, I received more than 
my share, and my horse reared and plunged and fell dead 
upon me, Griggs falling mortally wounded on the other 
flank (October ii, 1863). After giving me a few ran- 
dom pistol-shots as I lay, the Confederate troopers came 
up and assisted me to rise by dragging my horse off me. 
1 was then marched, with two more of our men whose 
horses had also been shot in the charge, into Culpeper 
where we were put into a building with quite a number of 
prisoners, the day's capture. During the night the 
prisoners were turned out and marched to the rear. Find- 
ing a little bunch of straw, I got one of my men to cover 
me with it, and they marched off with the others without 



Il6 CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 



discovering me. I at once made my escape, and on get- 
ting out of the town concluded to pass their right flank 
and cross the Rappahannock River at United States Ford, 
some ten miles down. After marching nearly all night, 
and supposing I had passed their flank, I came, unper- 
ceived by me, upon a mounted picket and was recaptured. 
When I was turned over to the Provost Marshal who had 
charge of me the night previous, he expressed much 
delight on seeing me and told me my escape had caused 
him much regret. He said he was well acquainted with 
my regiment, but seldom had the pleasure of meeting any 
in the condition I then was. He gave me a special escort 
to Richmond and Libby, impressing upon my keeper the 
necessity of watching me closely, that there must be no 
more escapes. Prison life in Libby has been so frequently 
described that I will pass over my winter's sojourn in that 
famous prison, merely mentioning that during the winter 
I suffered terribly from an old wound in my arm received 
in the Gettysburg campaign. The Confederate surgeons 
wished to amputate, but I fought for a postponement, and 
finally a small sliver of bone worked out and I soon re- 
covered. I was confined, during the fourteen months of 
my imprisonment, first in Libby Prison, whence I escaped 
through the famous 'Libby Tunnel,' only to be recap- 
tured; then in Richmond, Macon, Ga., Charleston, S. 
C, and lastly Columbia, S. C, from which place I made 
my fourth and successful escape, together with Lieu- 
tenants Nice and Hopper of my regiment. The first night 
out Nice was taken with chills and fever and had to give 
up and go back to the Confederate prison. About one 
hundred miles on our way we were joined by two Ohio 
officers who escaped about the time we did. From there 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. I 1 7 

on we four made the tramp together. One of the Ohioans 
was skilled in woodcraft and often he would gather leaves 
in the swamp and boil them, making tea which was a 
great nourishment to us. Our route was west toward 
Sherman's Hnes in Atlanta. Our guide was the north 
star, which we would find by the aid of the great dipper. 
For two successive nights it was cloudy and rained and 
we wandered into the vast barrens of North Georgia, 
where we nearly perished, as we could find no clearings or 
habitations. On nearing Atlanta we struck the Confed- 
erate pickets, which we flanked, and on getting into the 
city found Sherman not there, but a brigade of Wheeler's 
Cavalry. Here occurred one of the most trying incidents 
of our escape. We had taken refuge in one of the few 
houses not burned and had hidden ourselves in a room 
in the second story. We had been there but a short time 
when we heard a party of soldiers in the room below 
who had sought refuge from the sleet and snow. The 
only exit from our room was by a stairway leading into 
the room below, which we had to cross to reach the street 
door. We found in our room two heavy post bedsteads, 
which we took down and used to thoroughly barricade 
the door as soon as we heard the Confederates enter the 
house. 

"During the long day they made numerous efforts to 
enter our room, but our all bracing against the door and 
with the help of our barricade we kept them out without 
their suspecting the presence of anyone inside. This 
worked all right until about one hour before dark, when 
a large party having attempted to enter one of them re- 
marked as they were leaving the door, 'Fellows, we will 
go back to camp and get our things, then come back and 



I 1 8 CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 



break in this door. We can get good quarters here out of 
the storm.' 

'^We now knew that we must leave, and that quickly, 
and take our chances of getting through the room below 
safely — a pretty desperate hope. We removed our barri- 
cade silently to prevent those still remaining below from 
hearing anything. Then getting together as closely as 
possible, we quietly descended the stairs, which landed us 
into the lower room at one side of the fire place. The 
street door was on the other side. We found the room 
occupied by fifteen or twenty men, some sitting and some 
lying on the floor, a bright light from the fire gleaming 
over them. On seeing us some raised up, but we had to 
step over a number who lay asleep. Although we all wore 
our uniforms, they evidently took us for a portion of their 
own party. As we neared the door they began to grow 
very much excited, but, as the Lord willed it, were not 
halted and gained the door. We did not dare to speak to 
them, although their expressions began to indicate very 
plainly the unspoken question, 'Who are you?' A few 
doors from the house was a street corner, which we 
turned. About a rod ahead we saw a crowd of ten or 
twelve coming with all their accoutrements, undoubtedly 
the very party who were to occupy our recent quarters. 
While our hearts stood still, there was nothing left to do 
but to march bravely on. 

On meeting us they halted and surveyed us most 
searchingly. I was slightly to the rear, and the last one 
of them looked at me so fiercely that I was forced to say, 
'Howdy.' 

"He stared but said nothing, and in a moment more we 
had passed them. Just ahead was the burned district. 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. II9 



where there was nothing but a forest of bare chimneys 
standing. As soon as we were out of sight we went to 
the nearest chimneys and crawled up into the fireplace 
openings, remaining there until good dark. We then 
flanked the pickets once more and escaped from the city, 
striking the railroad leading to the Chattahoochie River. 
'The night was bitter cold and a furious snow storm 
beat in our faces, so that we nearly perished. I was now 
barefooted and very thinly clad. Frequently we would 
have to lie in the shelter of railway cuts piled one on top 
of the other until we got slightly warm, then plodding on 
again. This we kept up until daylight, when, six miles 
from Atlanta, we reached the river. There we found the 
bridge burned, a wide rapid river to cross and six inches 
of snow covering the earth. We started down the river 
and about a mile from the railway, in the mouth of a little 
creek, we found a small boat. It would hold only two 
and was very unsafe at that in so swift a stream. Being 
our only chance we determined to risk it, and were finally 
all safe on the opposite shore. Not finding Sherman, we 
thought that he had been defeated and driven back toward 
Chattanooga. Wet, cold and nothing to eat for several 
days, the prospect ahead was not very encouraging. We 
tramped along the road toward Marietta through Sher- 
man's old camps of the summer before, picking up now 
and then a stray pork rib bone, which we would pound 
with rocks and add to our slender bill of fare. At last 
we met an old countryman in one of the camps and we 
made for him. We told him we were Confederate cavalry 
following up the Yankees to steal horses, ours having 
been killed. He said the Yankees under Sherman had 
gone in the opposite direction toward Macon and 



I20 CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 

Savannah. This was a great reUef to us, as we felt that 
we would not have any large bodies of Confederate troops 
to avoid. The mile stones along the track said one hun- 
dred and forty miles to Chattanooga. Could four living 
skeletons ever hold out to reach that? It was a barren, 
desolate country, the armies having fought over it the' 
previous summer. The inhabitants were all gone. Once 
in emerging from a sharp bend in a railway cut, we came 
right in view of a guerrilla company only a short dis- 
tance ahead. They had seen us, so it was too late to go 
back. We told them that we were deserters from the 
39th Ohio, a conscript regiment in Sherman's army; that 
we had thrown away our muskets at Decatur and were 
trying to get through to Canada until the war was over; 
that we did not believe in fighting to free the niggers, 
etc.. They believed us, so we begged a little corn bread 
from them and then as soon as possible bade them adieu. 
If they had had any idea who we were we would have 
been hanged from the telegraph poles in short order. 
After this we always tried to travel as much as possible 
after dark to avoid similar encounters. 

"One night, when we were all nearly famished, I sud- 
denly struck my foot against something soft. I went on 
a few steps, when my curiosity turned me back and I 
found that I had stumbled over a large fat opossum. This 
gave us a feast and enabled us to make many a mile on our 
journey. 

"So far the railway had been torn up and the rails 
heated and twisted around the trees along the way. We 
now struck the road in good order, and from our hiding 
place one day saw a group of Confederates going up the 
track with a small hand car. We determined that when 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 121 



night came we would capture this and make better time 
toward the Union Hnes. We started out as soon as dark- 
ness fell, and a mile or so on found the car unguarded by 
the side of the track. Our hearts leaped with joy, for we 
saw now a welcome change from our weary march. It 
was a very dark night when we started, and we made 
famous time for a few miles. Suddenly we came to a 
dreadful jolt. The car stopped, canting to one side, and 
nearly throwing us all off. We found that we had run 
for some distance out on the rails of a bridge that had 
been burned. The car hung on the ends of the rail fifty 
or more feet above the rocky bed of the river. Had these 
rails not been slightly spread by the heat and so checked 
our car, our journey would have had a sad and sudden 
ending. We had a most difficult task to crawl from the 
car along the rails back to the bank. Our bright anticipa- 
tions were suddenly dashed. Daylight revealed to us 
that we were on the banks of a deep river, the Etowah. A 
large scow that Sherman had used for ferrying his artil- 
lery lay on the shore, near at hand, one end stove in. By 
loading the other end with heavy rocks, we so raised the 
broken end above the water that we could use it for cross- 
ing. It was a most unwieldy affair. Only a short 
distance below we could see the rocks in the river and hear 
the roar of the rapids, and even where we were the current 
drcM' us rapidly down. We managed to make the oppo- 
site bank, which rose almost perpendicular from the 
water. The others all jumped as we struck, but I being 
very stiff and feeble could not jump with them, and their 
jumping pushed the flat from the bank. I made all the 
effort in my power and landed half in the water and half 
on the bank; a few inches less and I would have sunk - 



122 CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 

the swift water. I managed to cling to some roots and 
twigs until my comrades could reach me and draw me up 
onto the bank. At the next river we found a covered 
bridge, but on the embankment leading to it was posted 
a Confederate picket. We crawled as near as we could 
and watched. The reserve just below the embankment 
had a grand fire burning, and as it was very cold the 
picket finally joined them. We instantly began to creep 
along the embankment, and so reached the bridge. The 
light from the camp fire blinded them, as we supposed it 
would, so they did not see us, although we passed so close 
that they could have reached out and touched us with their 
guns. The other end of the bridge was unguarded. 

"We finally reached our lines at Dalton, Ga. My boots 
had given out on the third day after leaving Columbia, so 
I made almost the entire trip barefooted, often for days 
over the frozen ground. The soles of my feet were raw, 
the skin worn off, and my ankles so swollen that they 
would not bend, the swelling extending above my knees. 

"After the long days of starvation my stomach was un- 
able to retain any food. I went to the army hospital in 
Chattanooga, and would have died there had not two 
army surgeons, Drs. Loomis and Brownley, proved the 
good Samaritans and taken me to their quarters. Under 
their skilful treatment I improved rapidly. 

"From there I went to Knoxville, Tenn. Hood, who 
was then on his march to Nashville, held the railroad in 
rear of Chattanooga, and my escape from there was cut 
off. Finding myself penned, I again took up the march, 
this time on horseback, from Knoxville across the Cum- 
berland mountains through Big Creek Gap. I struck the 
Union forces again at Lexington, Ky., another three hun- 



CAPTAIN ALEXANDER C. SHAFFER. 1 23 



dred mile trip. This trip was fully as perilous as my 
previous one from Columbia, the mountains being full of 
guerillas. Being then in full uniform, my rank and army 
were at once known. Meeting parties of one or two in 
the mountains, we would both keep our hand on our 
revolver till well out of range, neither allowing the other 
to get the drop on him. I was constantly warned by 
Union people, who would direct me from one to another, 
that it would be impossible for me to get through. From 
Lexington I went to Cincinnati; then by B. & O. to 
Washington, where I reported to the War Department." 
After the war Captain Shaffer was stationed at Walter- 
boro, S. C, and had the duty, in the Freedmen's Bureau, 
of organizing the labor and putting the freedmen to work, 
and of issuing rations to the planters to make their crops 
and for their contract hands. He finally left the service 
in the winter of 1868-9, and was eight years Clerk of 
Court and then Treasurer of Colleton County. He was 
later elected Vice-President of the Walterboro Loan and 
Savings Bank, and also President of the Colleton Cotton 
Mills. He has for many years been senior member of 
the Terry & Shaffer Mercantile Company. I may add 
that at the time he entered the service of the United States 
he could have received a commission, but he preferred to 
win his spurs, and went into the ranks. He passed 
through successive grades and became captain, his capture 
preventing subsequent promotion. 



HELEN A. SHAFER 



Miss Helen A. Shafer, M. A., LL. D., President of 
Wellesley College, was a distinguished mathematician and 
educator. No member of the Shafer family achieved 
greater eminence or was more widely known than the 
subject of this sketch. She was born in Newark, N. J., 
Sept. 23, 1839. Her parents were Rev. Archibald 
Stinson and Almira (Miller) Shafer. He was a clergy- 
man of the Congregational denomination. The family 
moved westward, and for many years lived at Oberlin, 
Ohio, where the family home is still maintained. Miss 
Shafer, died at the College at Wellesley, Mass., January 
20, 1894, of pneumonia, after an illness of less than a 
week. Representatives of the faculty of Wellesley 
attended her funeral, which was held at Oberlin, and 
delivered addresses on her character and life. 

The following is an abstract of a notice published in a 
Boston paper and reprinted in the Oberlin News, Jan. 
25, 1894: 

Miss Shafer was graduated from Oberlin College in 
1863. After teaching two years in New Jersey, she 
accepted a position in St. Louis, Mo. In this school she 
held the position of leading instructor of mathematics for 
ten years, laying a foundation for a distinguished career 
as teacher of higher mathematics. In 1877 she was called 
to the chair of Mathematics in Wellesley College, which 
she held until 1888, when she succeeded Mrs. Alice Free- 
man Palmer as President. For her new duties she was 
admirably fitted, both by natural gifts and by experience 



HELEN A. SHAFER, 12 5 



and training. Her scholarly ability, her tact and skill in 
the class room, her dignity and weight of character, her 
generous and affectionate nature and her unique versa- 
tility, won for her the enthusiastic regard and reverent 
love of successive classes of young women who as alumnae 
of the college rendered her unfailing loyalty and support. 
Her frail physique seemed the only obstacle to her success. 
Yet her health suffered no apparent loss under her 
administrative cares, and there was good ground of hope 
that she had entered upon a long and fruitful term of 
office. In 1878 she received the degree of M. A. from 
Oberlin College, and in 1893 the degree of LL. D. 

Among the comments on her death is one by W. T. 
Harris, United States Commissioner of Education, who 
said : "In the death of President Shafer higher educa- 
tion suffers a great loss. Her methods of instruction 
produced the best results I have ever known, and her 
personal influence over youth to secure earnest work and 
solidity of character, was remarkable." Other expres- 
sions of sympathy and esteem were from President 
Dwight of Yale. President Carter of Williams, President 
Taylor of Vassar, President Harper and Dean Talbot, of 
Chicago. 



GENERAL AARON HANKINSON 

BY 
GLNLRAL JAML5 F. RU5UNG 



Aaron Hankinson was the son of Joseph and Rachel 
(Mattison) Hankinson. He was born Feb. 7, 1735, near 
Rowland's Mills, Hunterdon County, N. J., and died 
Oct. 9, 1806, near Stillwater, Sussex County, N. J. His 
marriage license, dated Feb. 9, 1764, is recorded in the 
office of the Secretary of State, Trenton, N. J., and gives 
him as of Amwell Township, Hunterdon County, N. J., 
to Mary Snyder of Kingwood Township, same county. 
He was brought up on a farm there, still known as the 
"Hankinson Homestead," but in 1764 or 1765 removed 
to Sussex County and lies buried in the "Yellow Frame 
Cemetery" of the Presbyterian church, near Stillwater, of 
which he was long an elder. He lived at or near Still- 
water, but also owned land in Sandiston Township. 
When he removed from Hunterdon to Sussex, his father 
(evidently a man of means) gave him and his brother 
William farms there of 363 acres each. 

He was in commission as Colonel, commanding Regi- 
ment N. J. Troops (a Provisional Regt., probably), at 
Amboy, N. J., 1776, and was regularly commissioned 
Colonel of 2d Regiment Sussex, N. J., Militia Feb. 28, 
1777, and continued as such during the Revolutionary 
War. He was present with his regiment as a part of 
General David Forman's Brigade, N. J., Detached 
Militia, at the battle of Germantown, Pa., Oct. 4, 1777, 



GENERAL, AARON HANKINSON. 12/ 



under General Washington, but his regiment appears to 
have been kept chiefly at home to protect Sussex against 
Tories and Indians — Sussex being then a frontier county 
in part. After the war, June 5, 1793, he was promoted 
Brigadier General of N. J. Militia, and continued as such 
until his decease. He was a member of Assembly N. J., 
1782 to 1786, and again 1788 to 1792 continuously, from 
Sussex County. 

He had thirteen children,^ as follows : 
Joseph, b. 1763, d. 1838; m. Margaret Goble, d. 1844. 
Henry,2 b. Aug. 2^, 1767; d. May 5, 1848; m Mary Mc- 

Cullough, dau. Col. Wm. McCullough, Asbury, N. 

J. Her dau. Eliza B. married Gershom Rusling, my 

father. 
Sarah, b. 1770, d. Feb. 10, 181 5; m. ist, David Linn; 2d, 

John Smedley, June 10, 1806. 
John, b. Nov. 25, 1771; d. Aug. 3, 1845; "i- Elizabeth 

Hunt, b. Feb. 6, 1770; d. Nov. 2, 1841. 
Thomas, b. 1775, d. April 27, 1796. 
William, b. Oct. 30, 1779; d. Oct. 17, 1830; m. Margaret 

Crisman, March 14, 1805. She d. Feb. 26, 1857. 

No issue. He acquired much property at Blairstown, 

N. J., which he bequeathed to John I. Blair (his 

clerk), which was the beginning of the great Blair 

estate. 
Samuel, b. 1792; d. April 21, 1793. 
Elizabeth, b. — ; d. — ; m. Nathan Armstrong, Jan., 1807. 

Fled. 1838. 

*The "Genealogical Record of descendants of Nathan Armstrong" 
says 12, but apparently there were 13. 

"Admitted to N. J. Bar Nov. Term, 1794, and settled at Washing- 
ton, N. J. Was Major and Inspector Sussex Brigade, Oct. 26, 1809; 
member of Assembly N. J. 1806- 1807- 1808 and 1835. 



12 8 GENERAL AARON HANKINSON. 

Hannah, b. — ; d. — ; m. Cooper Kelsey, May 14, 1808, 

related to Hon. Henry C. Kelsey, probably. 
Aaron, b. April 22, 1782; d. Feb. 23, 1850; m. Sarah 

Kelsey, April 12, 1804; b. March i, 1785. 
Nancy, b. — ; d. — ; m. Aaron Southard. 
Rachel, b. — ; d. — ^; m. Sidney Herriott. 
Daniel Thatcher, b. — ; d. — . 

A fruitful vine, clearly; but am unable to complete his 
"Family Record," and am not sure of their order of 
births, even. 

His grave is on the southeasterly side of the old 
"Yellow Frame Church," and near to it (our forbears 
liked to be buried as near to the church as possible, and 
many inside of it!), in the midst of a group of Hankin- 
son graves, and bears the following quaint inscription : 

"A. H. 

In memory of 

B. General 

Aaron Hankinson, 

who departed this life 

Oct. IX, 1806. 

Aged 71 years, 8 months, 2 days. 

Let all his children in a word, 

Unite and praise the Eternal God, 

For the sweet hope that he has gone 

To rest with Christ God's only Son." 

Evidently he was a God-fearing man, of soldierly tastes 
and character, a typical Jerseyman of his time, a good 
citizen, and a man of parts and substance. 

The Hankinson family were English unquestionably, 
and settled first in Monmouth County, N. J. Two of 



GENERAL AARON HANKINSON. 1 29 

them removed to Hunterdon and settled near Rowland's 
Mills, 4 miles northeast of Flemington, about 1700 prob- 
ably. These were Joseph (father of General Aaron) and 
William Hankinson. As early as 1688, Thomas and 
Richard Hankinson received a patent for 120 acres of 
land in Monmouth County from proprietors of West 
Jersey. In 1700 Thomas Hankinson, of Freehold, 
bought 610 acres from Benjamin Allen. In 1776 Ken- 
neth Hankinson was taxed in Freehold Township for 594 
acres of land and 64 horses and cattle. This Kenneth 
Hankinson was a man of parts, and June 16, 1776, 
became a captain in Col. Forman's battalion, Heard's 
Brigade, N. J. Line; also in ist Reg't Monmouth 
Militia 1777, and participated in the battle of Monmouth, 
June, 1778 (probably). The Hunterdon and Sussex 
Hankinsons all claim relationship to this Kenneth Han- 
kinson, and Ex-Gov. William A. Newell, of N. J., was a 
descendant of his. 

If the Hankinsons emigrated from England, they likely 
came from Middlesex County there, where they have the 
following coat-of-arms : "Ar. a fesse gu. fretty or. betw. 
three ducks sa. Crest a demi-phcenix, wings elevated or. 
issuant from flames. Motto vi et animo." Burke's Gen. 
Armory, 452. 

Trenton, N. J., Jan. 22, 1907. 



[9 



I30 



THE OLD GRAVEYARD 



THE OLD GRAVEYARD. 

In the old graveyard at Stillwater are to be found the 
tombstones of many of the early settlers of that part of 
Sussex County. The cemetery has been considerably 
enlarged and is enclosed by a substantial fence. The 
newer part is kept in excellent condition by the local 
cemetery association. In the old part the action of the 
frost has had the effect of throwing many of the stones 
out of the perpendicular, some have fallen flat and others 
are leaning forward, giving the appearance of neglect. 
The old families have most of them died off, and the 
younger generation find it all they can afford to do to 
maintain the new section, although they annually clear the 
brush and weeds from the older part. The photograph 
of the stones shows their condition in May, 1906, and is 
reproduced with the hope that some of the numerous 
descendants of those buried here may be moved to arrange 
for the care of the old graveyard. The writer would 
gladly co-operate in such a work. The following inscrip- 
tions are to be found here : 



Inscription. 
HIER 
RUHBT der lOH. 
PET. BERNHARD. 
Geboh. zu KERZen 
HEIM, IN DER GRAF- 
SCHAFT BOLANDEN 
IN EUROPA. ER ist 
MIT FRAU. U, KINDEN 
IN AMERICA KOMEN 
AND 1731. UND 
STARB DEN 28 
AUG. Ano 1748. 



Translation. 
HERE 
RESTS JOH. 
PET. BERNHARD. 
BORN IN KERZEN- 
HEIM, IN THE COUN- 
TY OF BOLANDEN 
IN EUROPE. HE 
WITH WIFE AND CHILDREN 
CAME TO AMERICA 
IN THE YEAR 1731 AND 
DIED THE 2 8TH OF 
AUG. IN THE YEAR 1748. 



Q 

4 

P 

(D 
4 

CQ 




THE OLD GRAVEYARD 



131 



ALHIER 

RUHET in GOt lOH-GEORG 
WTNDEMUTH GEBOHREN D: 
11 MAY 1711 IN PUNG- 
STAD, in EUROPA, NAGHAME- 
RICAKOMEN. ANo 1736 
VERHEjRATH MIT. M: 
El: BERNHARTIN Ano 
1739, und ZEUGETeN 8 
KINDER: LEBETE IM 
EHESTAND 43 lAHR 
UND 3 MONATH. And 
1782 DEN 19 DEC: Abend 
UND 10 uhr STARB ER 
SBIN ALTER WAR 71 
lAHR 3 MON: UND 8- 
TAGE. Und VERI.TBS 
3 SoHNE und 3 ToGH- 
TeR LEBEND 



HERB 

RESTS IN GOD JOHN GEORGE 

WINDEMUTH BORN 

11 MAY 1711 IN PFUNGSTADT 

IN EUROPE. CAME IN 

THE YEAR 1736 

WAS MARRIED TO M. 

EL. BERNHARTIN IN YEAR 

1739 AND HAD 8 

CHILDREN. LIVED IN WEDLOCK 

43 YEARS 

AND 3 MONTHS AND DIED 

1782 ON THE 19 DEC. IN 

EVENING AT 10 P. M. 

HIS AGE WAS 71 YEARS 

3 MONTHS AND 8 

DAYS, AND LEFT BEHIND 

3 SONS AND 3 DAUGHTERS 

LIVING 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD 



A Genealogical Record 

OF THE 

Descendants of Casper Schaeffer 



Casper Schaeffer, who emigrated from the Palatin- 
ate, is supposed to have come in the ship "Queen Eliza- 
beth," arriving Sept. i6, 1738, at Philadelphia. Here he 
remained for two or three years. About the year 1741 or 
1742 he went to the present site of Stillwater, then in the 
wilderness, where he established a home. His wife was 
Maria Catrina, daughter of Johan Peter Bernhardt. 
Bernhardt was born at Kerzenheim, Grafschafi Bolanden. 
and came to Philadelphia with his wife, who is said to 
have been of noble birth, and three daughters. He settled 
near Germantown, Pa., and removed to Stillwater, N. J., 
about 1742. He died Aug. 28, 1748, and his is the first 
interment in the old graveyard there. 

Casper Schaeffer was born in the year 171 2, and 
died Dec. 17, 1784. Maria Catrina (Bernhardt), his 
wife, was born about 1722 and died Dec. i, 1794. They 
had four children, viz : 

1. Peter Bernhardt, who was born at Stillwater 
July 28, 1744; died April 6, 1799. 

2. Margaretta, born 1745, died June 5, 1815. 

3. Abraham, born December 17, 1754; died July 11, 
1820. 

4. Isaac, born June 4, 1760; died March 27, 1800. 
Casper Schaeffer and his wife and his son Peter are 

buried in the old graveyard at Stillwater. Margaretta, 
Abraham and Isaac are buried in the graveyard at the 
"Yellow Frame" Church. 



136 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



In preparing this record, the arrangement adopted in 
the "Armstrong Genealogy," establishing four groups, 
one for the descendants of each of Casper Schaefifer's 
children, has been followed. Each group is divided into 
branches representing the issue of Casper's several grand- 
children. The record contains the names of about 600 of 
Casper Schaeffer's lineal descendants. Among these 
names are those of patriots and soldiers, ministers, 
teachers, doctors, lawyers, business men, and farmers. 
Many of these were active and influential in public affairs. 
The list contains the names of not less than eighteen 
ministers of the gospel, including those connected by 
marriage, all of whom were faithful, godly and earnest 
preachers of the word. It is a family marked by intelli- 
gence, refinement and usefulness, and none of its mem- 
bers, so far as known, have brought discredit upon their 
ancestry. 



GROUP ONE. 



The Descendants of CASPER SCHAEFFER, by his Son, 
PETER BERNHARDT SHAVER. 

Peter Bernhardt Shaver, b. at Stillwater, N. J., 
July 28, 1744; d. April 6, 1799; m. Elizabeth Simpson, b. 
Oct. II, 1747; d. May 19, 1823. They are both buried 
in the old graveyard at Stillwater. They had 9 children : 

1. Anna, b. March 28, 1770; m. Dr. Samuel Kennedy 
as his second wife; of their three children, Shafer, 
Thomas Jefferson and Sarah, the first named was the 
only one to leave descendants. 

2. Catharine, b. April i, 1772; m. Archibald Stinson, 
of Marksboro, N. J., and had four daughters, none of 
whom married except Jane, who m. William Armstrong, 
b. July 28, 1793; d. May 17, 1818; no children. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



137 



3 Mary b. Oct. 14, 1773; m. John Van Deren, and 
lived but a short time after her marriage. 

4. Abraham, Jr., b. Dec. 4, 1775; d. Aug. 8, 1824; m. 
I'st, barah Beaver; 2d, Lydia Armstrong, b. March 3, 
1780; d. March 24, 18 17; see First Branch. 

5. Alexander, b. Aug. 24, 1778; d. Aug. 22, 1780. 

6. Elizabeth, b. Feb. 12, 1781; d. Jan. 15, 181 1; m. 
May 27, 1808, John Armstrong, Jr.; see Second Branch. 

7. Isaac, b. July 23, 1783; d. Dec. 18, 1849; m. July 3, 
1806, Elizabeth Turner, b. Aug. 19, 1787; see Third 
Branch. 

8. Margaret, b. Feb. 5, 1785; m. Richard Turner; see 
Fourth Branch. 

10. Simeon Simpson, b. April 20, 1788; d. March 12 
1790. 

FIRST BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 

ABRAHAM and LYDIA (ARMSTRONG) SHAFER. 

Abraham Shafer, Jr., m. Lydia Armstrong, b. 
March 3, 1780; d. March 24, 1817; daughter of William 
and Elizabeth (Swayze) Armstrong, and granddaughter 
of Nathan and Uphamy (Wright) Armstrong. They 
dwe t at Stillwater. Sussex County. N. J., and had five 
children : 

1. Sarah, b. June i. 1807; d. Sept. 10. 1878. 

2. Casper, b. March 23, 18 17. 

3-^Euphemia Bray, b. July 30, 181 1; d. Dec. 27, 
1 080. 

4. Peter, b. July 30, 1811; d. Aug. 20, 1828. 

5. Elizabeth, d. Sept. 5, 1828. aged 22 years 7 mos. 
Abraham and Lydia are buried at Yellow Frame. 
(A). Sarah Shafer. m. Jan. 13, 1827. Ephraim 



138 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



Green Coursen, b. April 7, i8o6; d. May 10, 1866; son 
of Enos and Mary (Green) Coursen; (Enos, b. Oct. 19, 
1780; Mary, b. July 15, 1785. Sarah and Ephraim are 
buried in Dunmore Cemetery, Scranton, Pa. ) . Had three 
ch. I. Almeda, b. Dec. 24, 1827; d. Sept. 10, 1878. 2. 
A. Hampton, b. May 2, 1832; m. June 13, 1867, Anna 
M. Burr, d. June 23, 1873, daughter of Henry and Nancy 
(Shafer) Burr. Had two ch., Mary Burr, b. June 12, 
1870, and Jessie Stillwell, b. Nov. 17, 1871. After 
the death of Anna, Hampton m., December 2, 1874, Kate 
E. Wheatley, daughter of John and Harriet (Whitting- 
ton) Wheatley; res. at Scranton, Pa. 3. George M., b. 
Aug. 10, 1843; d. Nov. 20, 1864. 

(B). Casper Shafer m. Caroline Hazen, b. April 14, 
18 19; d. Aug. 31, 1 89 1, daughter of Aaron and Elizabeth 
(Vought) Hazen, and descendant of Edward Hazen, who 
settled at Rowley, Conn., and, in 1650, married Hannah 
Grant. Res. at Greensville, Sussex County, N. J. 5 ch. 
I. Nathan Hazen, m. Oct. 14, 1875, Katharine Hand 
Bentley, b. May 31, 1847, daughter of George Vaughn 
and Catharine Cochran (Sayre) Bentley. Res. Newton, 
N. J. They had 5 ch., Katharine Bentley, b. Sept. 8, 
1877; Edwin Hampton, b. Oct. 29, 1878; George 
Carlton, b. Sept. 24, 1880; Francis Hazen, b. Dec. 10, 
1885, and Bentley Sayre, b. June 29. 1888. 2. Eliza- 
beth, m. Edgar V. Kennedy, deceased. 3. Abram 
Edwin. 4. Louisa. 5. Hampton Calvin, b. Sept. 18, 
1853; m. Nov. 13, 1890, Mary Elizabeth Blair, b. Oct. 
22, 1861, daughter of Milton' Locke and Hetty Maria 
(Brown) Blair. Res. at Scranton. Pa. Had i ch., 
Margaret Linen, b. Feb. 10, 1893. 

(C). Euphemia Bray Shafer m. Nathan Kerr 
Hazen, b. Oct. 28, 1803; d. Dec. 4, 1887, son of Nathan 
and Gertrude (Kerr) Hazen. Had 4 ch. i. Sarah 
Elizabeth, b. July 27, 1831; m. October 30, 1851, Isaac 
Read Kerr, b. May 12, 1827, son of Ira and Phebe 
(Read) Kerr, grandson of William Hampton Kerr. Res. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 139 

at Johnsonburg, N. J. They had lo ch., Nathan Hamp- 
ton, b. Oct. 29, 1852; m. Aug. 23, 1877, Nancy Jane Van 
Camp, daughter of James Voorhees and Maria (Coursen) 
Van Camp. Res. at Marksboro, N. J. Had i ch., 
George Harris, b. Feb. 3, 1882. Lydia Jane, b. Jan. 
15, 1845; m. Oct. 30, 1878, George Hoagland Harris, son 
of Isaac and Elizabeth (Hoagland) Harris. Ira Clin- 
ton, b. June 9. 1856; m. Oct. 29, 1884, Leonora A. Van 
Horn, b. Sept. 22, 1854, daughter of William G. and 
Macrina C. (Jones) Van Horn. Res. at Johnsonburg, N. 
J. They had 2 ch., Floyd, b. Aug. 30, 1885, and Lucy, 
b. Aug. 27, 1887. John Wesley, b. Aug. 27, 1858; m. 
Dec. 24, 1884, Olive Hankinson, daughter of Elijah and 
Mary C. (Schooley) Hankinson. Isaac Calvin, b. 
March i. i860; m. Nov. 30, 1882, Lydia A. Johnson, 
daughter of Theodore F. and Deborah (Willson) John- 
son. EuPHEMiA Gertrude, b. Dec. 9, 1862; m. Nov. 
30, 188 1, Ralph Dildine Huff, b. March 10, 1856, son of 
Barnett S. and Hannah (Divers) Huff. Res. at Blairs- 
town, N. J. They had 2 ch., Nellie Thompson, b. Oct, 
II, 1885, and Clarence Read, b. April 30, 1887. 
Carrie Malvina, b. March 9, 1865; d. Feb. 8, 1866. 
Flavel McGee, b. Jan. 28, 1867; m. Jan. 22, 1890, 
Elizabeth Ayres, daughter of Jacob Cummings and Sarah 
M. (Read) Ayres. Frank Leslie, b. Aug. 12, 1869, 
and William Stitt, b. Oct. i, 1871. 2. Lydia Ann, b. 
May 10. 1834; d. Jan. i, 1862; m. November, 1856, 
George Hardin, son of John Hardin, and had i ch., 
Euphemia Caroline. 3. Harriet J., b. Jan. 31, 1838; 
m. Nov. 21, 1 861, Azariah D. Hart, b. Jan. 8, 1838, son 
of Henry Hart, b. April 19, 1805; d. Oct. 20, 1885, and 
his wife, Sarah Jane Mosson, b. Dec. 15, 1805; d. Jan. 27, 
1867; res. near Newton, N. J. Had i ch., Nathan 
Henry Hart, b. Dec. 28, 1864; m. Jan. 30, 1888, Mar- 
garet Cox, and has i ch., Ethel M., b. in 1890. 4. 
Emma Gertrude, b. March 25, 1847; ^n- Samuel H. 
Primrose, son of George and Tabithy (Hunt) Primrose 



I40 GENEALOGICAL RECORD, 

SECOND BRANCH. 

Descendants of JOHN ARMSTRONG, JR., and his wife, 
ELIZABETH SHAFER. 

John Armstrong, Jr., b. July 6, 1779; d. Nov. 13, 
1845; son of Lieut. John and Sarah (Stinson) Arm- 
strong, grandson of Nathan and Uphamy (Wright) 
Armstrong; married Elizabeth Shafer on May 27, 
1808. They had one daughter : 

Margaret Sarah, b. June 6, 1809, at Johnsonburg; 
m. Jan. 18, 1838, Joseph W. McCord, b. May 30, 1797; 
d. at South Charleston, O., July 4, 1852; buried at 
Springfield, O.; son of John and Mary (Todd) McCord. 
They had 3 ch. i. Hampton Ireneus, b. April 19, 
1842; d. Oct. 6, 1843. 2. Cornelia Townley, b. Aug. 
9, 1844; d. Dec. 28, 1894; buried in Baltimore Cemetery, 
Md. 3. Marshall Armstrong, b. March 13, 1847; m. 
May 16, 1878, Mary Louisa Ellermeyer, b. Sept. 12, 
1857; d. April 20, 1891; daughter of Charles A. Eller- 
meyer, b. in 1822, in Hanover, Germany, and his wife, 
Elizabeth Cooper, who was a daughter of Benjamin and 
Letitia (Culpepper) Cooper, and was born Aug. 21, 
1829, near Currituck Sound, N. C. They had 3 ch. 
Curtis Hulce. died in infancy; William Ellermeyer, 
b. April 13, 1880, and Margaret Cornelia, b. July 8, 
1882. 

After the death of Mary, Marshall m., June 11, 1892, 
Sarah A. McGahan, b. May 21, 1855, daughter of Wil- 
Ham and Mary (Neely) McGahan, of Derry, Ireland. 
Res. at Baltimore, Md. 

THIRD BRANCH. 

Descendants of 
ISAAC SHAFER and ELIZABETH (TURNER), his wife. 

Isaac Shafer, b. July 23, 1783; d. Dec. 18, 1849; i"-> 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 1 41 



July 3, 1806, Elizabeth Turner, b. Aug. 19, 1787. They 
had 10 children: 

1. Robert Turner, b. April i, 1807; d. April 13, 
1883. 

2. Abraham Barnet, b. Dec. 18, 1808; d. Nov i^ 
1883. 

3. Rev. Archibald Stinson, b. Sept. 12, i8io- d 
Feb. 6, 1888. 

4. Thomas Hunt, b. Oct. 17, 1812; d. April 6, 1879. 

5. Rebecca Jane, b. Dec. 14, 1814; d. Sept. 8, 1889. 

6. Ann Kennedy, b. July 11, 1817, unmarried. 

7. Delilah, b. Nov. 14, 1820; d. April 21, 1891, un- 
married. 

8. Jehiel Talmage, b. March 29, 1823. 

9. Benjamin Johnson Lowe, b. Nov. 17, 1826; d. 
Oct. 16, 1833. 

ID. Catharine Elizabeth, b. May 17, 1828; d. Oct. 
18, 1882, unmarried. 

(A). Robert Turner Shafer m., June 6, 1829, 
Catharine Raub Hazen, b. Oct. 9, 1807; d. Feb. 18, 1864; 
both buried at Nev^ton, N. J. They had 7 ch. — i. Finley 
Dawson, b. March 7, 1830; d. Sept. 24, 1891 ; m. Cath- 
arine Cole and had i ch., Jennie. 2. Isaac Calvin, b. 
April 12, 1833; d. Jan. 3, 1906; m. Susie Letitia Gordon, 
t>- July 15, 1836, and had 5 ch. — Ella Eugenie, b. Nov. 
8. 1859; ^-^ April 19, 1892, Charles Somerby Noyes, b. 
about 1856. Florence Nightingale, b. Oct. 2, i860; 
m., April 19, 1906, Wm. Judson Whitaker. Fannie 
Estelle, b. Dec. 26, 1865; d. June 15, 1870. Edith 
Gordon, b. April 18, 1872; m., Oct. 6, 1898, Frank M. 
Pendreigh; d. March 20, 1900. Lillian Olcott, b. 
May 22, 1877; m., July 14, 1905, to Herbert G. Fisher. 
3. Aaron Whitfield, b. Jan. 7, 1836; d. March 16, 
1900; married and had i child. 4. Nathan Barnet, b. 
Nov. 22. 1837; m., April 27, 1870, Emma Broadley, b. 



142 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



Feb. 23, 1838. They had 2 ch., May Neilson, b. Feb. 
I, 1873, and Blanche Murray, b. Jan. 22, 1879. 5. 
William Bell, b. Sept. 20, 1840; m. Annie Pruden. 
6. Benjamin Johnson Lowe, b. April 13, 1846; m. 
Jennie Harris. Their children, Morgan Robert, m. 
Edythe Smith, and Victor Fox. 7. Emma Elizabeth, 
b. Dec. 19, 1848; m. James Richardson Whyte, b. April 
27, 1846. Their children, Jessie, b. Dec. 9, 1869; Alice, 
b. Dec. 9. 1869; d. May 23, 1874; Elsie, b. Sept. 23, 
1875; Ida Katherine, b. June 12, 1877, and Howard, 
b. Feb. 9, 1883. 

(B). Abraham Barnet Shafer m., July 9, i860, 
Orpha Loretta Hooker, b. April 8, 1835; has son living. 

(C). Rev. Archibald Stinson Shafer,^ m., Aug. 
II, 1833, Almira Miller, b. Nov. 28, 1806; d. Nov. 2, 
1890. Their children, Miller, deceased; Helen Eliza- 
beth, deceased; Mary Jane, unmarried, and lives at 
Oberlin, O.; Helen Almira, b. Sept. 23, 1839; d. Jan. 

20, 1894; John Joseph, deceased, m. Catharine Jacoby, 
and Sarah Ann, d. in infancy. 

(D). Thomas Hunt Shafer m., May 18, 1836, Ann 
Margaret Savercool Beach, b. March 25, 1817. Their 
children: i. Louisa Ann, b. Aug. 23, 1837; m., Sept. 

21, 1865, Jonathan Edwards Morris, and had 8 ch. : 
Margaretta Louise, b. Dec. 6, 1866; d. June 20, 1868; 
Emma Roy, b. Jan. 5, 1869, deceased; Laura May, b. 
Oct. 25, 1870, deceased; Eva Byington, b. Jan. 30, 
1873; Edward Hunt, b. April 25, 1875; m., June 26, 
1906, Jessie Esther Thayer; Sue Ford, b. Aug. 24, 1877; 
m., June 28, 1903, Maurice Peris Ap Madoc, M. D.; 

'^Rev. Archibald Stinson Shafer was bom near Blairstown, N. 
J., Sept. 12, 1810; married Almira, daughter of Judge Miller of New- 
ton, N. J., Aug. II, 1833. He became a Congregational minister, and 
had pastorates at Rochester, N. Y. ; Leroy, N. Y. ; Gaines, N. Y., and 
Rock Creek, Ohio. He was a successful evangelist and devoted 
pastor until ill health compelled him to give up his charge. He 
removed to Oberlin, O., where he lived about twenty years until his 
death, February 6. 1888. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 1 43 



David Aubrey, b. Feb. z-j, 1879. 2. Susan Eliza- 
beth, b. July 12, 1840; m., April 8, 1862, Jasper Scudder 
Clark, b. Jan. i, 1839; d. Feb. 11, 1878; had 4 ch. : 
Benjamin Green, b. Aug. 10, 1863; d. in infancy; 
Mary Louise, b. Jan. 7, 1866; Edith Shafer, b. Oct. 
13, 1869; d. Aug. 5, 1872; Ella Mabel, b. Feb. 9, 1874. 
3. Hannah Jane, b. June 26, 1849, not married. 4. 
David Lee, b. May 30, 1851; m., Oct. 24, 1883, Amelia 
Holloway. 

(E). Rebecca Jane Shafer m., Feb. 17, 1842, Rev. 
Thaniel Beers Condit, b. June 4, 1804; d. Jan. 13, 1888; 
5 ch. — I. Ann Maria, b. Dec. 5, 1842, unmarried. 2. 
Elizabeth Wilson, b. May 7, 1844, unmarried, resides 
at Stillwater. 3. Rev. Elbert Nevius, b. May 2, 1846, 
deceased; m., July 23, 1884, Jennie Clark, b. Feb. 18, 
i860. Their ch., Anna Melita, deceased; Elbert 
Clark, David Harold and Edwin Hiram, deceased. 4. 
Rev. Isaac Hiram, b. Sept. 8, 1848; m., June, 1881, 
Anna Macldo Whyte (deceased). They "had James 
Whyte and George Hiram. Rev. Isaac Hiram 
Condit m., May, 1893, Hannah May Scripture as his 2d 
wife. Their ch., Paul Grandin and Elbert Caryl. 5. 
Sarah Linn, b. April 6, 1852; m., May 2, 1882, Andrew 
Dawson Whyte. b. Aug. 6, 1848. and had a son. Andrew 
Condit Whyte. 

(F). Jehiel Talmage Shafer m., Sept. 20, 1855, 
Harriet A. Comes, b. April. 1836. They had 7 ch., viz: 
I. Irving Newell, b. May, 1856. 2. Harry Talmage. 
3. Cora Isabel. 4. Elbert Condit. 5. Frederick 
Lincoln. 6. George. 7. William. 

FOURTH BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 
MARGARET SHAFER and RICHARD TURNER. 

Margaret Shafer m. Richard Turner, and had 3 
children : 



144 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



1. Mary, who died young. 

2. Elizabeth, who married John Bunting and had 3 
ch. — I. Gershom CouRSEN, who died young. 2. Anna, 
who never married. 3. Emma, m. Edward Perron; no 
children. 

3. Rebecca Maria. 



GROUP TWO. 



The Descendants of 
CASPAR SCHAEFFER, hy his daughter MARGARETTA. 

Margaretta Schaeffer, b. 1745; d. June 5, 1815; m. 
John Roy, b. Feb. 6, 1743; d. Feb. i, 1803; son of John 
Roy, Sr., b. Feb. 11, 171 1, and Margaret (Insley) Roy. 
John Roy, Sr., was less than a year old when he was 
brought to America. They had 9 children : 

1. John Casper, b. July 30, 1785; d. i860; m. Mary, 
daughter of William Armstrong and grand-daughter of 
Nathan Armstrong. See First Branch. 

2. Hannah, b. Jan. 28, 1771; d. March 8, 1803; first 
wife of John Johnson. See Second Branch. 

3. Sarah, b. 1780; d. Dec, 1806; m., Nov., 1800, Dr. 
David Hunt, b. 1776; d. March 2, 1831. See Third 
Branch. 

4. Bernhardt Shafer, m. Sarah Primrose. See 
Fourth Branch. 

5. Margaret, m. David Gustin. See Fifth Branch. 

6. Elizabeth, m. David Gustin, second wife. See 
Fifth Branch. 

7. Susan (unmarried), d. March 31, 1862, aet. 87. 

8. Mary (unmarried), died young. 

9. Joseph Insley, d. Aug. 20, 185 1, aet. about 60 
years; m., first, Sarah Linn; second, Nancy Drake. See 
Sixth Branch. 

[ 10 



146 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



FIRST BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 
JOHNi CASPER and MARY (ARMSTRONG) ROY. 

John Casper Roy m., Feb. 13, 1805, Mary Arm- 
strong, b. 1788; d. June i, 183 1. Res. near Hardwick 
Church, Marksboro, N. J., in a large two-story stone 
house (still standing) until 1840, when they moved to 
Morris County, N. J. Nine children : 

1. William, b. 1806; d. in infancy. 

2. Sarah Morris, b. Oct. 2, 1808; d. 1881. 

3. Elizabeth Susan, b. July 11, 181 1; d. Dec. 30, 
1897. 

4. Mary Euphemia, b. Sept. 24, 1814; d. March 14, 
1899. 

5. Joseph John, b. June 5, 1816; d. 1887. 

6. Lydia Armstrong, b. Dec. 21, 18 18; d. June 21, 
1891; m. Rev. James Cook Edwards as his third wife. 

7. Hannah Johnson, b. Feb. 8, 1821; d. 1880. 

8. Elias Crane, b. Oct. 13, 1823; d. Feb. i, 1895. 

9. Seymour, b. Oct. 6, 1828; d. in infancy. 

Mary (Armstrong) Roy was buried at the Yellow 
Frame; her husband at Morristown. 

(A). Joseph John Roy m., Oct. 19, 1841, Sarah Ann 
Vought, daughter of Jacob and Sarah (Snover) Vought. 
Eleven ch. — i. John Jacob, b. Dec. 15, 1853; m., March 
10, 1886, Anna Olivia Hulbert, b. June 9, i860, daughter 
of Joseph and Hannah B. (Sargeant) Hulbert. Res at 
Mendham, N. J. Had i ch., Raymond Hulbert, b. 
June 5, 1889. 2. William Clinton, m., and has i ch., 
Mary. 3. Samuel Headley, b. Feb. 18, i860; m., Sept. 
8. 1886, Mary A. Endean, b. July 21, 1861, daughter of 
James and Mary (Matthews) Endean. Res. at Suc- 
casunna, N. J., and have 2 ch., Charles Henry, b. Dec. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 147 



4, 1888, and Mabel Pauline, b. Jan. 19, 1893; d. Jan. 
2, 1894. 4. Elias Casper, m., and has 4 ch., Celia, 
Clara, Elmer and Edna. Res. at Kenville, N. J. 5. 
George P., m., and has i ch, Mima May, who married 
George Fear, and has 3 ch., Roy, Florence and Nor- 
man. 6. Anna Mary, m. James Dunlop, and had 4 ch., 
Thomas Harry (who m. Hannah Larey and had 3 ch., 
Francis, Freddie and James) ; Sarah Isabella (who 
m. Gates B. Parson and had 2 ch., Ethel and Henry) ; 
Anna Grace, deceased, and Margaret Agnes, deceased. 
After the death of James, Anna Mary m. Ehas B. De- 
Groot, and had two ch., Joseph Freeman and Ida Maud. 
Res. at Mendham, N. J. 7. Rachel Emma m., March 
10, 1868, Richard T. Bowman, b. Oct. 5, 1835, son of 
Thomas and Martha Horton (Stout) Bowman. Res at 
Morristown, N. J. Seven ch.— Anna Bell, b. Jan. 3, 
1869; d. Oct. 10, 1869. Eva, b. May 16, 1870; m. Theo- 
dore O. Slockbower, and had i ch., Helen. Henrietta, 
b. Sept. 24, 1871 ; d. July 20, 1872. Albert, b. Sept. 22, 
1873. Richard T., b. Oct. 13, 1874. Charles 
Arthur, b. July 15, 1878. Emma Leonora, b. May 24, 
1 881. 8. Kate F., m. Daniel F. Backer. Res. at New- 
ark, N. J. Four ch., Henrietta, Frank, Clara and 
Benjamin. 9. Sarah Isabella. 10. Henrietta, d. 
1872. II. Frank. 

(B). Hannah Johnson Roy, d. Nov. 27, 1880; m., 
July 9, 1856, Samuel Anness, b. July 16, 181 7; d. Sept. 
28, 1872. Three ch. i. Lydia J., b. Sept. i, 1857; m., 
Dec. I, 1885, Truman H. Scott, b. Oct. 12, 1854, son of 
John T. and Hannah (Judson) Scott. Res. at Morris- 
town, N. J. Two ch., Marion Hannah, b. May i, 1887, 
and Truman Anness, b. May 18, 1889. 2. Edward S., 
b. April 10, i860; m., Oct. 3, 1886, Mattie DeNoyles, and 
had I ch., Edna. 3. Hannah, b. Feb. 6, 1863; m. 
Carlton Dobbins, son of John H. and Catharine B. 
(Milburn) Dobbins, and had i ch., Carlton Anness, b. 
Oct. 9, 1888. Res at Morristown, N. J. 



14^ GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 

(C). Elias Crane Roy, m. Catharine C. Freeman, 
daughter of John Ross Freeman. They had 2 ch. — i. 
John Casper, b. April 15, 1849; d. May 30, 1881. 2. 
Joanna Freeman, b. Aug. 11, 1853. 

SECOND BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 
JOHN and HANNAH (ROY) JOHNSON. 

Hannah Roy m., Oct. 26, 1790, John Johnson, b. 
1764; d. Feb. 8, 1829. They had 6 ch. : (He had three 
children by his second marriage. See Group Three, First 
Branch). 

1. Susan Maria, b. Sept. 24, 1792; d. Feb. 16, i860; 
unmarried. 

2. Eliza Matilda, b. April 21, 1793; d. Jan. 13, 1826. 

3. Mary (Polly), b. Dec. 2, 1794; d. Sept. 6, 1795. 

4. Hannah Margaretta, b. Jan. 9, 1796; d. Oct. 18, 
1827. 

5. Sarah Amanda, b. Feb. 3, 1799; d. Dec. 23, 1804. 

6. Harriet Roy, b. Nov. 14, 1800; d. Jan. 16, 1836. 

(A). Eliza Matilda Johnson m. Dr. George Hop- 
kins, d. Oct. 28, 1819, aet. 27 years, and had 2 ch. : i. 
Samuel Johnson, who m. Eliza Berrien and had 3 ch., 
George, Minnie and William, who died unmarried, 
except George, who went to China and married, leaving 
issue, living in England. 2. George G., who m. his 
cousin Elizabeth, daughter of Gen. Hopkins. They had 
5 ch., Araminta, Anna, Grace, Alonzo and Al- 
p HON so. 

(B). Hannah Margaretta Johnson m. Rev. Elias 
W. Crane,! d. Nov. 10, 1840. Had 5 ch. : i. Hannah 

* Rev. Elias Winans Crane. D. D., was born at Elizabethtown, N. J.. 
Mch. 18, 1796, graduated at the College of New Jersey, 1814, and at 
the Princeton Theological Seminary, 1817. He was pastor at Spring- 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 1 49 



Roy, b. May 15, 1820; d. Aug. 2, 1850; m. John A. 
Gkinn. They had i ch., Margaretta S., who d. Aug. 
13, 1877, unmarried. 2. Martha W., b. Feb. 22, 1822; 
d. June 22, 1874; m. Henry N. Beach, d. 1881. They 
had 7 ch. — Caroline B., d. Feb. i, 1894, unmarried. 
Henry C, who married Lucretia S. Hazard. Frank J., 
m. Anna Wilkie. He d. without issue. Anna J., d. 
Jan. 13, 1903, unmarried. The other three children died 
in childhood. 3. Belinda H., b. Oct. 29, 1823; d. May 
10. 1855; m. Jeremiah Ross, and had i ch., Henry 
Crane. 4. Elizabeth Woodruff, b. Sept. 4, 1825; d. 
in infancy. 5. Rev. Elias Nettleton,^ b. July 4, 1827; 
d. May 26, 1895; m., April 21. 1864, Mary Elizabeth 
Pruden, and had 3 ch., all of whom died in infancy. 

(C). Harriet Roy Johnson m., Dec, 1832, Rev. 
James Cook Edwards,^ b. 1807. Had 2 ch. i. James 
William, b. 1833; d. when a young man. 2. John W., 
b. 1834; d. in infancy. 



field, N. J., 1820-26, and at Jamaica, L. I., from 1826 until his death, 
which occurred Nov. 10, 1840. He was a Director of the Princeton 
Theological Seminary, 1836. 

^Rev. Elias Nettleton Crane, son of Rev. Elias Winans and 
Hannah Margaretta (Johnson) Crane, was born Jan. 4, 1827, at 
Jamaica, Long Island, graduated from Princeton College in 1852, 
and entered the Theological Seminary at Princeton the same year, 
graduating in 1855. He was pastor of the Presbyterian Church at 
New Vernon, N. J., from 1856 until 1862. He served as chaplain of 
175th Reg. New York Volunteers for three months in 1863, and was 
agent for the United States Christian Commission from September, 
1863, to July, 1865. He was chaplain of the American Seamen's 
Friend Society from August. 1865, until 1881. In 1883 he was trans- 
ferred to the Navy Yard, Brooklyn, N. Y., and labored there until 
April 4, 1892, when he was compelled to give up active work on 
account of ill health. He subsequently resided in Elizabeth, New 
Jersey, until his death, which occurred May 26, 1895. He was 
married to Miss Mary Elizabeth Pruden. 

°Rev. James Cook Edwards was born in Warren Co., N. J., Mar. 
12, 1807. A graduate of the College of New Jersey, 1830, and tutor 
1832-33, graduate Princeton Theological Seminary. Preached at 
Smithtown, N. J. Pastor of South Church, Morristown, N. J., 
1852-60, died at Morristown, June 28, 1880. 



I50 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



THIRD BRANCH. 

Descendants of SARAH ROY and DR. DAYID HUNT. 

Dr. David Hunt, b. 1776; d. March 2, 1831; buried in 
old cemetery at Newton; son of Lieut. Richard and Mercy 
(Hull) Hunt, m., Nov., 1800, Sarah Roy, b. 1780; d. 
Dec, 1806; buried in Yellow Frame Cemetery. They 
had 3 children : 

1. Elizabeth, b. Feb., 1801; d. Dec. 11, 1836; m. 
Schuyler Halsey, b. Feb. 26, 1797; d. Nov., 1820. No 
children. 

2. Hannah Margaretta, b. Nov., 1802; d. June 13, 
1825, unmarried. 

3. Sarah, b. Nov., 1804; d. April 13, 1894. 

(A). Sarah Hunt m., Nov., 1829, Rev. Jonathan 
Ford Morris, b. 1801; d. July 11, 1886, at Bushnell, 111. 
They had 9 ch. : i. Sarah Elizabeth, b. Sept, 24, 1830; 
m. Samuel Hays. 2. Mary Louisa, b. July 6, 1832. 3. 
David Hunt, b. Oct. 16, 1833; m., Sept. 28, 1858, 
Lucilla Linn Shafer, and had 6 ch. (See List of De- 
scendants of Nathan Armstrong Shafer.) 4. Jonathan 
Edwards, b. June 6, 1835; m. Louisa Shafer. 5. Wil- 
liam Melville, b. March 11, 1837; m. Maggie Post. 6. 
Joseph Euen, b. Nov. 11, 1838; m. Jemima Lyon. 7. 
Hannah Margaretta, b. Nov. 15, 1840. 8. Emma 
Cordelia, b. Oct. 8, 1842. 9. Laura Adelaide, b. Jan. 
6, 1845. 

FOURTH BRANCH. 

Descendants of 
BERNHARDT SHAFER ROY and SARAH PRIMROSE. 

Bernhardt Shafer Roy m. Sarah Primrose about 
1810. He died about 1812. She survived him. They 
had I child : 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. I 5 I 



Joseph Morris, b. Feb. 25, 181 1; m., Feb. 7, 1832, 
Lucy Northrup Owen, who died March 2, 1862. They 
had 5 ch. — I. Joseph Northrup, b. Jan. 26, 1835; m. 
Sarah EHzabeth Stiner, Dec. 13, 1844, and had 5 ch., 
Arthur Prescott, b. April 20, 1862; Charles Morris, 
b. Dec. 3, 1868; Infant Little Stranger, b. Sept. 10, 1870; 
d. Sept. 19, 1870; Frederick Louis, b. July 12, 1873, 
and Louisa C, b. June 30, 1875. 2. George Primrose, 
b. Nov. 18, 1837. 3. Austin Owen, b. Aug. 22, 1840. 
4. Charlotte Louisa, b. Aug. 22, 1844; m. Luther 
Johnson. 5. Robert Lester Smith, b. Jan. 30, 1850. 

FIFTH BRANCH. 

Descendants of MARGARET ROY and ELIZABETH ROY, 
the first and second wives of DAYID GUSTIN. 

Margaret Roy d. between 1807 and 1810; m., Jan. 16, 
1803, David Gustin. They had 2 children: 

1. John Roy, died single. 

2. Susan Margaret, b. May 31, 1806; d. 1878. 

(A). Susan Margaret Gustin m., 1830, Jacob 
Losey, b. 1803; d. 1888. They had 8 ch. : i. John H., 
b. 1831; d. Nov. 15, 1889; m., April 25, 1853, Ellen E. 
Brown, b. 1828. They had Susan E., b. Dec. 3, 1854; 
d. Sept., 1855; John Jacob, b. Nov. 15, 1857; d. Feb. 7, 
1881, unmarried; Thomas H., b. Jan. 18, 1862; un- 
married; Nelson Ames, b. April i, 1864; d. March, 
1865; Harriet PL, b. May 4, 1867; m., Nov. 3, 1895, 
Louis F. Timmerman, and had Louis F., Jr., b. Oct. 9, 
1896, and Helen L., b. Dec. 8, 1903; Louise S., b. 
March 6, 1872; m., June 28, 1898, Edward L. Bunn. 2. 

Joseph Insley, b. 1832; m. Rose ' — , who died in 

1880, without issue; Joseph m. as second wife, Ellen 
Marcellis, and had Flossie, b. 1885. 3. Ebenezer L., 
b. 1836; m. Eliza Watt, and had Ebenezer, Eleazer 
John, Gustin, Lizzie, Hattie and Nellie. 4. Sarah. 



152 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



b. 1839; d. young. 5. Elizabeth, b. 1839; d. young; 
Sarah and Elizabeth were twins. 6. Edgar D., b. 
1840; m. Kate Doren, and had Maggie, Hattie, John, 
Nellie, Christopher, Edgar and Kate. 7. Samuel 
G., b. 1849. 8. Susan H., b. 1859. 

David Gustin then married Elizabeth Roy, b. about 
1 781; d. Oct. 30, 1 85 1. They had 3 children: 

1. Bernard Owen, d. young. 

2. Samuel Insley, d. July, 1879. 

3. Sarah Roy, b. 181 1 ; d. July 26, 1874. 

(A). Samuel Insley Gustin m. Adeline Woodruff, 
b. Jan. 12, 1816; d. Oct., 1873. They had 3 ch. : i. 
Sophie E., b. March 4, 1843; d. Aug. 8, 1904- 2. 
George Woodruff, b. Jan. 29, 1846; d. May 5, 1895, 
unmarried. 3. Helen, b. May 8, 1853; m., Dec. 20, 
1877, George H. Logan, and had Louise Adeline and 
Georgia Insley, who m. William Chambliss Redding, 
and had William Chambliss, Jr., b. 1907. 

(B). Sarah Roy Gustin m., Nov. 18, 1830, James 
Deazley, b. 1805; d. Aug. 10, i860. They had 7 ch. : i. 
David Nesbit, b. Jan. 25, 1832; d. Nov. 13, i860; m., 
Nov. 16, 1854, Martha J. Ross, and had 3 ch. — Sarah E., 
b. Nov. 6, 1855; m. Seely Ryerson, July, 1890. Mary 
Adeline, b. Nov. 21, 1857; m., Nov. 10, 1883, Fred M. 
Pellet. They had Maude L., b. 1884, and Obie A., b. 
Aug., 1890. James A., b. April 16, 1859; d. Feb. 20, 
1861. 2. Mary E., b. July 19, 1833; d. Feb. 17, i860; 
m.. Nov. 29, 1849, William Haines. They had 2 ch. 
George J., b. Sept. 21, 1852; d. Jan. 5, 1905; m., about 
1885. Marguerite Sanderson (no issue), and Sarah 
Adeline, b. June 10. 1854; d. March 14, 1855. 3. 
James, b. Aug. 3, 1835: d. March 13, 1855, unmarried. 
4. Augustus, b. Feb. 24, 1837; d. Feb. 7, 1859, un- 
married. 5. Sarah Margaretta, b. Sept. 27, 1839; d. 
July 18, 1854. 6. Maria Adeline, b. Aug. 27, 1843; d. 
Oct. 12, 1845. 7. Louise Shafer, b. March 9, 1846; 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



^53 



m., March 8, 1866, George Stuart McCarter. No chil- 
dren. He is a broker, at Paterson, N. J. 

SIXTH BRANCH. 
Descendants of JOSEPH INSLEY ROY. 

Joseph Insley Roy, son of John and Margaret Shafer 
Roy, m., April 24, 1817, Sarah Linn. He married again, 
March 12. 1823, Nancy Drake. They had 4 children : 

1. Nathan Roy, m. Eveline Hopping. 

2. David Roy, m. Kate Greenmyer. 

3. Alfred, deceased. 

4. James R., deceased. 



GROUP THREE. 



The Descendants of 
CASPER SCHAEFFER, by his son ABRAHAM SHAVER. 

Col. Abraham Shaver (or Shafer), b. Dec. 17, 1754; 
d. Jan. II, 1820; son of Casper and Maria Catrina (Bern- 
hardt) Schaeffer; m., Jan. 19, 1781, Sarah Armstrong, b. 
Jan. 10, 1761; d. Aug. 27, 1827. She was daughter of 
Nathan and Uphamy (Wright) Armstrong. They re- 
sided at Stillwater, Sussex County, N. J. They are 
buried at the Yellow Frame. They had 10 children: 

1. Maria Catharine, b. Oct. 16, 1782; d. April 13, 
1808; m. John Johnson. See First Branch. 

2. Casper, M. D., b. June 10, 1784; d. August 3, 1857; 
m., I St, Clarissa Golden; 2d, Mrs. Sarah (Maag) Hahn. 
See Second Branch. 

3. Nathan Armstrong, b. Feb. 17, 1786; d. Dec. 2, 
1849; m. Sarah Linn. See Third Branch. 

4. Peter Bernhardt, b. April 10, 1788; d. Feb. 8, 
1861; m. Rebecca Hendric. See Fourth Branch. 

5. EuPHEMiA Wright, b. Dec. 20, 1792; d. June 26, 
1870; m. Henry Miller. See Fifth Branch. 

6. Sarah, b. Feb. 9, 1795; d. May 2, 1868; m. Jacob 
Randolph Castner. See Sixth Branch. 

7. William Armstrong, b. July 18, 1797; d. Aug. 6, 
1872; m. Fanny Stewart. See Seventh Branch. 

8. Margaretta Roy, b. Aug. 13, 1799; d. May i, 
1879, unmarried. 

9. Elizabeth Hannah, b. Dec. 4, 1802; d. Feb. 3, 
1833; m. Isaac Newton Candee. See Eighth Branch. 

10. Robert Finley, b. November 5, 1805; d. Nov. 5, 
1889; m., Nov. 28, 1854, Jane McNair, of Dansville, N. 
Y., daughter of William D. and Anne (Wilkinson) Mc- 
Nair. No children. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



155 



FIRST BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 
JOHN and MARIA CATHARINE (SCHAEFFER) JOHNSON. 

Maria Catharine Schaeffer m., April 28, 1804, 
John Johnson, b. Sept. 5, 1764; d. Feb. 8, 1829; son of 
Henry and Susanna (Hover) Johnson. Maria and John 
are buried at Newton, N. J. Three children : 

1. William Jefferson, M. D., b. March 13, 1805; d. 
Sept. 22, i860; buried at Newton, N. J. 

2. Whitfield Schaeffer, b. Nov. 14, 1806; d Dec 
24, 1874; buried at Trenton, N. J. 

3. Sarah Catharine, b. March 29, i8o8- d un- 
married, Sept. 28, 1868; buried at Newton, N. J.' ' 

(John Johnson had six children by his first wife 
Hannah Roy. See Group Two, Second Branch.) 

S^}'- y^^^L"^^ Jefferson Johnson m. Eliza Durfee 
who died Nov. 14, 1873. Res. at Washington, N T • 
afterwards in New York City. Four ch. : i Martha' 
d. unmarried. 2. Whitfield Schaeffer, Jr., married' 
but had no children; d. in California, Oct. 22, 1873. 3 
Amanda, d. unmarried. 4. Margaretta L., b. June 24 
1840; m., April 27, 1865, Lucius Frank Reed, b. Sept' 
24, 1826; son of Daniel and Cynthia (Warner) Reed 
Res. in New York City. One ch., Ella Louise, b. May 
2y, 1870. 

(B). Whitfield Schaeffer Johnson^ m., Oct. 4, 



'Whitfield Schaeffer Johnson was born at Newton, N T Nov 
14, 1806 was admitted to the bar in 1828, and practiced i'aw at 
Newton till 1861. Was Prosecutor of the Pleas for Sussex County 
for nearly 20 years, and was an Elder in the Presbyterian Church 
^ewton, 1855-63. In 1861 he was appointed Secretary of State of 
iMew Jersey by Governor Olden, holding the office until 1866 On 
receiving the appointment he removed to Trenton, where he resided 
at the time of his death, Dec. 24, 1874. 



156 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 

1837, Ellen Green, daughter of Enoch and Mary (Bidle- 
man) Green, of Phillipsburg, N. J. Seven ch., all of 
whom were born at Newton, N. J. i. Mary Mar- 
GARETTA. 2. Emily Eliza, d. iQOi, Unmarried. 3. 
Laura Catharine. 4. Elizabeth Bidleman. 5. 
William Mindred,' b. Dec. 2, 1847; m., Oct. 22, 1872, 
Maria E. White, daughter of William and Hannah 
(Haines) White. Had 3 ch. — Walter Whitfield, b. 
at Trenton, N. J., April 13, 1875; d. March 16, 1891, 
at school, Lawrenceville, N. J. George White, b. July 
26, 1877. William Kempton. b. February 25, 1883. 6. 
Margaret Green, d. in 1897. 7. Ellen Green. 



SECOND BRANCH. 
CASPER SCHAEFFER and his vrife SARAH. 

Rev. Casper Schaeffer, M. D., m., May 17, 18 10, 
Clarissa Golden, d. Jan. 12, 1816. They had a son and 
daughter, both of whom died in infancy. After the death 
of Clarissa, he married, Jan. i. 1818, Mrs. Sarah (Maag) 
Hahn, widow of William Hahn. Had 4 children : 

1. Sarah Elizabeth. 

2. Euphemia, b. Nov. 16, 1820; d. Jan. 24, 1895. 

3. Amanda Margaretta. 

4. Gilbert Livingston, d. at two years of age. 



'William Mindred Johnson was born at Newton, N. J., Dec. 2, 
1847. Graduated at Princeton 1867, was admitted to the bar in 1870. 
Practiced at Trenton four years. Removed to Hackensack, N. J., in 
1875, where he has continued to practice law. Was elected Senator 
from Bergen County to N. J. Senate in 1895, was re-elected in 1898. 
Was President of the Senate 1900, and acting Governor during 
absence of Governor Voorhees in Europe in May and June. Was 
appointed First Assistant Postmaster General by President McKinley 
in Aug., 1900, and held that office till April, 1902, when he resigned. 
Was delegate to Republican National Convention, 1888 and 1904, and 
Chairman of Republican State Convention in 1900, also in 1904. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 157 



(A). Sarah Elizabeth Schaeffer m., April, 1843, 
Thomas Kimber, and had Sarah Schaeffer, b. July 7, 
1848. 

(B). Euphemia Schaeffer m., May, 1843, Reuben 
Beitenman Miller, of Philadelphia. Had 9 ch. — i. Mary 
Hahn, b. May 9, 1844; m. Edwin R. Prichard. Had 4 
%ch. : Mary Gertrude, b. July 7, 1868; d. Feb. 27, 1870. 
Reuben Miller, b. Nov. 18, 1871. Helen Elizabeth, 
b. Aug. 4, 1878. Edwin Ruthven, b. Nov. 14, 1885. 2. 
Sarah Gertrude, b. March 4, 1846. 3. Ellen 
Augusta, b. Jan. 24, 1848; d. July, 1900; m. James G. 
Finley. Had 4 ch. : Margaret Graham, b. Feb. 16, 
1874; m. Rev. Theodore Wm. Kretschmann, and had 
Phillip Miller, b. Oct. 13. 1897, and Herbert Finley, 
b. Oct., 1903. Gertrude Susan, b. May 16, 1876; m. 
Walter Hahn Jarden. Had 2 ch. : Ellen Margaretta, 
b. June 12, 1901, and Robert Von Leer, b. Aug. 31, 
1905. Nellie, b. June 3, 1881; d. Jan. 21, 1889. 
James Herbert, b. Feb. 6, 1885. 4- Euphemia 
Schaeffer, b. Sept. 15, 1850. 5. William Casper, b. 
May 3, 1853; d. Aug. 7, 1888. 6. Ida Virginia, b. Sept. 
18, 1855; d. Nov. II, 1891; m. Rev. Charles J. Kirzel, 
and had Carl Henry, b. Jan. 4, 1880; m. Clara Koch; 
Marion Virginia, b. Nov. 19, 1881; Graham Finley, 
b. June 24, 1883, and Ralph Frederick, b. Nov. 29, 
1884; d. July 25, 1885. 7. Emily Josephine, b. July 
20, 1858; m. Henry C. Boenning, M. D., and had Wil- 
liam Miller, b. Sept. 13, 1882; m. Grace Rorke; Henry 
Dorr, b. Sept. 11, 1889, and Emily Meta, b. June 22, 
1897. 8. E. Augustus, b. Dec. 11, i860; m. Mary Van 
Reed, and had Paul Van Reed, b. Feb. 15, 1889; Mil- 
dred, b. Jan. 5, 1 89 1, and Harold Schaeffer, b. Oct. 4, 
1892. 9. Florence, b. Feb. 3, 1866; m. Rev. Charles J. 
Kirzel, and had Augustus Miller, b. Nov. 20, 1894, 
and Euphemia Schaeffer, b. June 14, 1902. 



158 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



THIRD BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 
NATHAN ARMSTRONG and SARAH (LINN) SHAFER. 

Nathan Armstrong Shafer m., April 10, 1822, 
Sarah Linn, b. March 7, 1796; d. June 19, 1876; daughter 
of John and Martha (Hunt) Linn; grand-daughter of 
Joseph and Martha (Kirkpatrick) Linn, and of Richard 
and Mercy (Hull) Hunt. Had 7 children: 

1. Mary Elizabeth, b. Jan. 21, 1823, living at Still- 
water. 

2. William, b. Oct. 31, 1824; d. April 13, 1840. 

3. Abram, b. Dec. 14, 1826. 

4. Joseph Linn, b. Aug. 12, 1828; d. in Flanders, 
N.J. 

5. LuciLLA Linn, b. Dec. 25, 1832. 

6. Martha Louisa, b. Jan. 3, 1835; d. Aug. 23, 1871. 

7. Emma, b. Jan. 8, 1831; d. May 16, 1833. 

(A). Mary Elizabeth Schaeffer m., Nov. 14, 
1844, Joseph Hurd Coursen, b. June 4, 182 1 ; son of Isaac 
Vantile and Phebe (Hurd) Coursen. Res. at Stillwater, 
N. J. Had 4 ch. — i. William Edwin. 2. Emma 
Louisa. 3. Edgar Coursen. 4. Lucilla Linn. 

(B). Abram Schaeffer m., Sept. 2^, 1857, Hannah 
Emeline Casterline, b. March 25, 1833; d. Feb. 8, 1894; 
daughter of Silas and Maria (Dildine) Casterline. Had 
7 ch. — I. Mary Louisa, deceased. 2. William Edwin, 
b. Oct. 25, 1861. 3. Horatio Linn, b. Dec. 4, 1862; d. 
Oct. 15, 1880. 4. Fred Gustin, b. Dec. 4, 1862; lives in 
St. Louis. 5. Sarah Linn, b. May 31, 1868; m. Frank 
Clark, and had Arthur and Leslie. 6. Winsted 
Casterline, b. Sept. 15, 1870. 7. Nellie Morris, b. 
May 15, 1875. ^^s. at Sedgwick, Kan. 

(C). Joseph Linn Shafer m. Elizabeth Ward. Had 
2 ch. — ^i. Louise Linn. 2. Frank. Res. at Jersey City, 
N.J. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 159 



(D). LuciLLA Linn Shafer m., Sept. 28, 1858, at 
Stillwater, N. J., David Hunt Morris, b. Oct. 16, 1833, at 
Newton, N. J.; son of Jonathan Ford and Sarah Roy 
(Hunt) Morris, grandson of Dr. David Hunt, great- 
grandson of Lieut. Richard Hunt. Res. at Roseville, N. 
J. Had 6 ch. — i. Nellie Louise, b. Sept. 7, 1859, at 
Iowa City, Iowa; m., Sept. 7, 1881, Horace Poinier Cook, 
b. April 18, 1859; son of Jabez and Harriet J. (Meyers) 
Cook. They had Madge Estelle, b. Dec. 11, 1882; 
Morris Poinier, b. Sept. 24, 1886; d. April 2, 1887; 
Helen Marguerite, b. May 18. 1889; d. July 6, 1890. 
Res. at Newark, N. J. 2. William Edward, b. Jan. 19, 
1862, at Norwalk, Conn. 3. Mary Josephine, b. March 
19, 1864. 4. Sarah Adelaide, b. March 24, 1866; d. 
Oct. 24, 1876. 5. Carrie Linn, b. Nov. 8, 1868, at 
Newark, N. J.: d. March 20, 1871. 6. Annie Lucilla, 
b. May 2j, 1871; d. Nov. 13, 1876. 



FOURTH BRANCH. 

The Descendants of PETER BERNHARDT and 
REBECCA (HENDRIC) SCHAEFFER. 

Peter Bernhardt Schaeffer m., April 6, 183 1, Mrs. 
Rebecca Howie Vail, b. May, 1793; d. July 29, i860; 
daughter of Dr. Joseph J. Hendric. Three children : 

1. Abram Edwin, b. Feb. 19, 1832; d. April 12, 1833. 

2. Mary Adelaide, b. Oct. 5, 1833. 

3. Alexander Castner, b. June 2, 1838; served in 
Harris Light Cavalry, and was a prisoner at Libby. 

(A). Mary Adelaide Schaeffer m., in 1852, Robert 
Finley Denis, M. D., who died in 1874, and is buried at 
Puerta Plata, Santo Domingo. Res. in Denver, Col. 
Four ch. — I. WiLLARD Hendric, b. July 19, 1854. 2. 
Herman L., b. Aug. 3, 1856; m. Helene E. Trask; had 



l6o GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



I ch., Eleanor Adelaide. 3. Bertha, b. Jan. 17, 1863. 

4. Adelaide, b. Aug. 15, 1865. 

(B). Alexander Castner Shaffer m., in 1875, 
Amelia Jane Terry, who d. in 1906, daughter of John K. 
and Deziah Terry, of Elmira, N. Y'. One ch., Edward 
Terry Hendric, b. June 20, 1880. Res. at Walterboro, 

5. C 

FIFTH BRANCH. 

The Descendants of 

HENRY and EUPHEMIA WRIGHT (SCHAEFFER) 
MILLER. 

Euphemia Wright Schaeffer m., Nov. 7, 1816, 
(Major Henry Miller, son of Major David Miller, of 
German Valley, N. J., and his wife, Mary Welsh. Four 
children : 

1. Sarah Elizabeth, b. March 2, 1818; d. June, 

1834. 

2. Margaretta Schaeffer, b. Jan. 20, 1820. 

3. James Edwin, b. April 13, 1823; d. Oct 24, 1885. 

4. Emma Louise, b. Jan. 14, 1826. 

(A). Rev. James Edwin Miller m., Aug. 17, 1858, 
Frances Gildersleeve Davis, b. Nov. 22, 1835; d. June, 
1872; daughter of Charles Davis, M. D., b. Feb. 9, 1797, 
and his wife, Matilda Gildersleeve, b. Dec. 26, 1812. 
Had 2 ch. — I. Hugh Wilson, b. June 10, 1859; d. May 
24, 1906. 2. Caroline Gildersleeve, b. April 25, 
1863. 

SIXTH BRANCH. 

The Descendants of JACOB RANDOLPH and 
SARAH (SCHAEFFER) CASTNER. 

Sarah Schaeffer m., Feb. 2, 1814, Rev. Jacob Ran- 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



i6i 



dolph Castner, b. July 24, 1785, at Liberty Corner, N. J.; 
d. March 19, 1848; son of Peter and Margaret (Comp- 
ton) Castner; grandson of Jacob Castner. Res. near 
Washington, N. J. Had 10 children : 

1. Mary Welch. 

2. Margaretta, b. July 24, 1819; d. Sept. 3, 1886. 

3. Emma Louise, d. in childhood. 

4. John Calvin Knox, b. June 12, 1822; d. March 8, 
1895; buried at Greenwood Cemetery, Trenton, N. J. 

5. Sarah E., deceased. 

6. William P., d. in childhood. 

7. Edmund Burke, b. Oct. 15, 1827. 

8. Elizabeth Schaeffer. 

9. Anna Matilda, deceased; m. Henry Bergen. 

10. Amanda Euphemia. 

(A). Mary Welch Castner m., July 28, 1844, 
Lyndon Graves Lyman, deceased, son of Aaron and 
Electa (Graves) Lyman. Two ch. — i. Emma Castner, 
b. Dec. 8, 1845; m., Jan. 5, 1871, Peter Hoffman Cramer, 
son of Matthias and Charlotte (Hoffman) Cramer. Res. 
at Newark, N. J. One ch., Jessie Louise, b. Jan. 11, 
1880. 2. Mary Castner, b. Oct. 5, 1847, at Washing- 
ton, N. J.; m., Dec. 26, 1866, Joseph Heath Menagh, b. 
March 21, 1846, at Schooleys Mountain, N. J.; son of 
Hugh and Lavinia (Heath) Menagh. Hugh was born 
March 22, 1822, at Beattystown, N. J. Lavinia was born 
Nov. 13, 1824; d. April 2, 1847. Res. at Newark, N. J. 
Four ch. : Lyndon Lyman, b. Aug. 25, 1868, at 
Schooleys Mountain. Joseph, b. July 26, 1870; d. in 
infancy. Jennie Lavinia, b. Sept. 24, 1871, at Cata- 
sauqua. Pa. Mary Emma, b. Jan. 22, 1875, at Newark, 
N. J. 

(B). Margaretta Castner m., Aug. 2, 1852, Rev. 
George K. Marriner, b. Nov. 9, 1821; d. Sept. 5, 1869; 
son of Gilbert and Deborah (Maull) Marriner. of Lewes. 

f " 



1^2 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



Del. George was pastor of Presbyterian Church at 
Cochecton, N. Y., at Northport, N. Y., and at Warren, 
Pa. He is buried in Mt. Peace Cemetery, Philadelphia^ 
Pa. ; Margaretta, in Evergreen Cemetery, Elizabeth, N. j' 
Had I ch, Anna Castner, b. Aug. 23, 1853. Res. at 
Trenton, N. J. 

(C). John Calvin Knox Castner m., in 1854, Ellen 
Lowery, daughter of Clark and Elizabeth (Craig) 
Lowery. Res. at Trenton, N. J. Had 6 ch. — i. Mary 
C, b. Aug. 24, 1855. 2. Theodore, b. Sept. 14, i860; 
d. November 19, 1876. 3. Annie Robinson, b. Oct. 18, 
1857; m., Nov. 24, 1880, Rudolph Frederick Kampen, 
son of Henry Theodore and Caroline (Zurlinden) Kam- 
pen, of Nettingen, Westphalia, Prussia. 4. Ulysses 
Grant, b. Dec. 6, 1863. 5. Ida Berthoud, b. April 13, 
1866. 6. Minna A., b. Jan. 19, 1872. 

(D). Edmund Burke Castner m. Sarah Parker 
Davis, b. Dec. 29, 1829, daughter of Conrad and Sarah 
(Weller) Davis. Res. at Newark, N. J. Ten ch. — i. 
Mary Louisa, b. Nov. 4, 1850; d. Jan. 15, 1881; m. 
Thomas E. Doughty. 2. Jacob R., b. April 17, 1853; m. 
Bella Kierstead. 3. Edmund Burke, Jr., b. Oct. 14, 
1855; m. Minnie Schlegel. 4. Anna M., b. Oct. i, 
1858; m. John H. Bird. 5. William Schaeffer, b. 
March 9, i860. 6. Alexander Berthoud, b. Oct. 5, 
1862. 7. Peter Sanford, b. Jan. 22, 1864. 8. Sarah 
Elizabeth, b. Nov. 9, 1865; d. Dec. 20, 1866. 9. John 
Davis, M. D., b. Nov. 13, 1868. 10. Lena May, b. July 
16, 1871 ; m. John Donelly. 

(E). Elizabeth Schaeffer Castner m., Sept. i, 
1848, John Power Davis, b. March 29, 1819; son of 
Conrad and Sarah (Weller) Davis, grandson of Conrad 
and Rebecca (Johnson) Davis. Res. at East Orange, N. 
J. Seven ch. — ^i. Sarah Castner, b. June 19, 1849, ^^ 
Port Golden, N. J. 2. Jacob Frederick, b. Dec. 22, 
1852, at Newark, N. J. 3. Ella, b. in August, 1854; 
married John B. Day; she died Oct. 29, 1906. 4. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 1 63 

Edward, deceased. 5. Frank, deceased. 6. Anna 
Castner, b. in August, 1857; m. Charles S. Menagh, b. 
Oct. I, 1856; son of Hugh and Carohne (Sharp) 
Menagh. 7. William Henry Kirk, M. D. 

(F). Amanda Euphemia Castner m. Jacob Castner 
Winter, M. D. One ch., Ida W. After the death of 
Jacob, who died within six months after his marriage, 
Amanda married Col. Alexander P. Berthoud, who died 
at Newton, N. J., June, 1894. 

Ida W. Winter m. Charles Killgore, b. Dec. 8, 1849; 
son of Robert J. and Alice (Van Syckel) Killgore, grand- 
son of Charles and Louisa (Ficklen) Killgore, and of 
Aaron and Mary (Bird) Van Syckel. Res. in New York 
City. Three ch., Robert Berthoud, b. Jan. 17, 1876, 
in Utica, N. Y. ; Anderson Nelson, b. Oct. 3, 1880, in 
Utica, N. Y, and Edward Winter, b. Aug. 24, 1892, at 
Hotel Endicott, in New York City. 

SEVENTH BRANCH. 

The Descendants of ^HTILLIAM ARMSTRONG and 
FANNY (STE'WART) SCHAEFFER. 

William Armstrong Schaeffer m., Oct. 17, 1839, 
Fanny Stewart, b. Oct. 17, 1805; d. Dec. 18, 1880; 
daughter of John and Sarah (Bird) Stewart, and grand- 
daughter of William Stewart. William is buried at 
Yellow Frame; Fanny, at Fairmount Cemetery, Newark, 
N. J. Two children : 

1. Abram Edwin, b. Aug. 7, 1840. 

2. John Stewart, b. June 17, 1843. 
Both born at Stillwater, N. J. 

(A). Abram Edwin Schaeffer m., Sept. 20, 1858, 
Ann Elizabeth Johnson, b. Nov. 5, 1840; daughter of 
William Schaeffer and Elizabeth (Drake) Johnson. Res. 
at Newark, N. J. Four ch. — i. John Casper, b. Oct. 26, 



164 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



1859; m., Feb. 13, 1878, Anna Alston, b. May 19, 1858; 
daughter of William Beach and Elizabeth (Arlington) 
Alston. Res. at Brooklyn, N. Y. Had 3 ch., born at 
Newark, N. J. : Harry Alston, b. July 11, 1879; Lettie 
Walsh, b. Jan. 23, 1881, and Raymond, b. April 26, 
1884. 2. Fanny Margaretta, b. March 27, 1861; d, 
March 13, 1893; buried at Bethel, Conn.; m., Sept. 29, 
1880, Frank G. Trowbridge, b. March 15, 1856; son of 
George S. Trowbridge, of Bethel, Conn., and his wife, 
Elizabeth Kealer, of Ridgefield, Conn. Had i ch., 
Florence Amelia, b. at Newark, N. J. 3. Howard 
William, b. March 14, 1864; m., Aug. 15, 1887, Nettie 
Wright, b. Sept. 15, 1867; daughter of Ephraim and 
Margaret (Snell) Wright. Res. at Newark, N. J. 4- 
Lizzie May, b. May i, 1869. 

(B). John Stewart Schaeffer m. Georgia Emma 
Walsh, b. May 6, 1846; daughter of Josiah and Elizabeth 
Frances (Bates) Walsh. One ch.. Bertha, b. Nov. 5, 
1 87 1, who m. James Bruce Hay. and has a daughter, 
Gertrude Eugene, b. Jan. 11, 1894. 

EIGHTH BRANCH. 

The Descendants of ISAAC NE"WTON 
and ELIZABETH HANNAH (SCHAEFFER) CANDEE. 

Elizabeth Hannah Schaeffer m., Jan. i, 1829, 
Rev. Isaac Newton Candee, D. D., b. Oct. 30, 1801; d. 
at Peoria, 111., June 20. 1874; buried in Hope Cemetery, 
Galesburg, 111.; son of Nehemiah and Content (Wood- 
ruff) Candee. One child : 

Sarah Schaeffer, b. Oct. 16, 1830, at Belvidere, N. 
J.; m., Nov. 27, 1856, at La Fayette, Ind., Newton 
Burder Love, b. March 13, 1827, at Steelville, Chester 
County, Pa.; d. May 7, 1888, at Peoria, 111.; buried in the 
Candee lot at Galesburg, 111. ; son of John Adam and Abi 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 165 

Jane (Andrews) Love, of Chester County, Pa. Three 
ch. — I. Ida Candee, b. Nov. lo, 1858, at Galesburg, 111. 
2. Anna Louisa, b. May 27, 1861, at Plymouth, 111.; m., 
Jan. 14, 1886, Thomas Dick Archer, who died Feb. 
19, 1891. Had I ch., Jessie Candee, b. Oct. 15, 1887, 
at Huron, Dakota. 3. Newton Meredith, b. Sept. 21, 
1869, at Peoria, 111. Res. at Peoria, 111. 



GROUP FOUR. 



The Descendants of 
CASPER SCHAEFFER BY HIS SON ISAAC. 

Major Isaac Shafer, b. June 4, 1760; d. March 27, 
1800; m., March 13, 1786, Martha Linn, daughter of 
Joseph and Elizabeth (Kirkpatrick) Linn. He is buried 
at the Yellow Frame. They had 4 children : 

1. Rev. Joseph Linn, D. D., b. May 12, 1787; d. 
'Nov. 12, 1853. He was pastor of the Presbyterian 
Church at Newton, N. J., for thirty-eight years, 1812-35, 
1838-53. He married Diana Forman. See First Branch. 

2. Archibald Stinson, b. March i, 1789; died when 
a young man. 

3. Margaret R., d. April 19, 1830; m. Ross Crane, 
who d. Aug. 20, 1857. See Second Branch. 

4. Peter B., Jr., b. 1795; d. April 13, 1868; m., 
March 16, 1820, Amelia L. Fairchild. See Third Branch. 

FIRST BRANCH. 

Descendants of MAJOR ISAAC SHAFER 
by his son REY. JOSEPH LINN SHAFER 

Rev. Joseph Linn Shafer, D. D., m. Diana Forman. 
They had 6 children : 

1. Thomas Henderson, d. Aug. 8, 1898. 

2. Amelia Matilda, d. Jan. 20, 1900. 

3. Jonathan Forman, b. 181 5; d. March 15, 1871. 

4. Stockton Halstead, b. Sept. 30, 1825; d. Jan. 10, 
1877. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 1 67 



5. Catharine Rose. d. Dec. 22, 1907. 

6. Alexander, d. Aug-. 8, 1892. 

The four last-named were unmarried. 

(A). Thomas Henderson Shafer m. Caroline F. 
Webb, and had 2 ch. — ^i. Julia M. 2. Emma L. Both 
unmarried. 

(B). Amelia Matilda Shafer m. John Walton, and 
had I child, William, d. July 30, 1900; m. Gertrude 
Babbitt, and had Alice. 



SECOND BRANCH. 

Descendants of MAJOR ISAAC SHAFER by his daughter 
MARGARET R., the wife of Ross Crane. 

Margaret R. Shafer m. Ross Crane. They had 7 
children : 

1. Sarah. 

2. Isaac Watson, b. Nov. 25, 1818; d. May 8, 1896. 

3. Mary Ann, d. Sept. 10, 1828. 

4. David Edgar, b. Sept. i, 1823; d. June 23, 1862. 

5. Elizabeth, b. 1827; d. 1892. 

6. Theodore, M. D., b. Dec. 5, 1829; d. 1890. 

7. John. 

(A). Sarah Crane m. Lewis Beach, and had 4 ch. — 
I. Emma, who m. George Marvin, and had 2 ch. : Louis 

m. — , and Louise m. Dusenberry. 2. 

Theodore, who m. Copeland, and had Jennie, 

who m. . 3. Josephine m. Thompson. 

4. William m. . 

(B). Isaac Watson Crane m. Sophia B. Sharpe, and 



1 68 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 



had 4 ch.— I. Mary K, d. Dec. 28, 1844. 2. Margaret 
Ellen, d. 1881; m. W. G. Sutphin, and had W. G. 
SuTPHiN, Jr., who died in infancy. 3. John T. Crane, 
m. EHzabeth Little, and had 2 ch., Nellie, who m. W. J. 
Alford and had W. J. Alford, Jr., Nellie Crane, 
Herbert Watson and Edward Little, deceased; and 
Jennie, who m. Charles W. Morrison, and had Theo- 
dore Crane. 4. Theodore Crane, Jr., m. Marietta 
White, and had Mary Eleanor, Genevieve Sharp and 
Francis White Martin. 

(C). David Edgar Crane m. Elizabeth K. Sharp, and 
had 4 ch. — I. Laura, m. Jacob C. Bell. 2. Elizabeth, 
m. Jacob W. Davis, and had 6 ch., Cora (who m. Wil- 
liam H. Rice and had Kenneth, Harold De Witte, 
Ellsworth, who died in infancy, and Nancy Eliza- 
beth), Ella (who m. Edgar Park and had Leonard and 
Ralph), Mary Raymond, William H. and Clarence. 
3. Ross, m. Melissa Martin, and had David Edgar and 
Theodore. 4. Georgianna, m. Isaac Searles, and had 
Frederick, who m. Lillie Kishbaiigh, and Elizabeth, 
who m. Floyd Gruendyke, and had Ruth Crane. 

(D). Elizabeth Crane m. Joseph H. Marsh, b. 
1819; d. 1852, and had 2 ch. — i. Mary H., b. 1847; d. 
1872. 2. Margaret Crane, unmarried. 

(E). Dr. Theodore Crane m. Emma E. Shotwell, b. 
1834; d. 1884, and had 9 ch. — i. Louisa, m. A. O. S. 
Havens, and had children. 2. Gertrude. 3. Willard 
P., b. 1861; d. 1862. 4. Arthur M. 5. Margaret S., 
m.' y. F. Lambias. 6. Myra. 7. Herbert T., b. 1873; 
d. Oct. 28, 1876. 8. Eliot Earl, b. 1875; d. 1904. 9. 
Mabel E., b. 1877; d. 1903. 

(F). Dr. John Crane m. Charlotte Ely. He died of 
yellow fever, at New Utrecht, L. L They had 3 ch. — i. 

Clifford, m. , and had Frederick Clifford and 

(daughter). 2. Charlotte Elizabeth, m. 

George Snell; no children. 3. Frederick. 



GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 1 69 



THIRD BRANCH. 

The Descendants of MAJOR ISAAC SHAFER by his son 
PETER B. SHAFER, Jr. 

Peter B. Shafer, Jr., m., March i6, 1820, Amelia L. 
Fairchild. He was Colonel of Warren County Militia, 
and an Elder in the Presbyterian Church at Hacketts- 
town, N. J. Had 7 children : 

1. Archibald Stinson, b. Dec. 15, 1820. 

2. Eliza Beach, b. Dec. 14, 1822. 

3. Martha Linn, b. Feb. 4, 1825; d. March 24, 1876. 

4. Abraham Fairchild, b. April 26, 1829; d. in 
infancy. 

5. Isaac, b. April 26, 1829; d. in infancy. 

6. Joseph Henry, b. April 13, 1831. 

7. Edgar Ross, b. Dec. 18, 1833; m. Versilla . 

No issue. 

(A). Archibald Stinson Shafer m., Aug, 6, 18 — , 
Mary O. Sayre. They had 3 ch. — i. Mary A., b. Oct. 6, 
1845; m., Nov. 14, 1866, Dr. Parker McL. Burbank, and 
had 3 ch. : Emily Mary, b. May 3, 1868; Parker S., b. 
Nov. 14, 1869, and Frederick McLellen, b. Nov. 6, 
1872, who m. Ellen Cary, d. Feb., 1903. 2. Casper B., 
b. July 9, 1848; m., June 26, 1872, Maggie Rea, and had 
4 ch. : Mary, who m., June, 1904, Donald MacMillan; 
Margaret, who m., April, 1904, Dr. George Marshall; 
Casper, who d. May, 1888, and Rea. 3. Archibald S., 
b. Sept. 29. 1855; m. Edith Richards, and had Archi- 
bald, b. Dec, 1884. 

(B). Eliza Beach Shafer m. John W. McNair, and 
had 3 ch. — I. Amelia Anne, b. Feb. 26, 1862, who m. 
Evan R. Evans, and had Winifred Marguerite, b. 
April, 1887; John McNair, Paul Demttnd, Mary 
Louise Jennette, and Anne. b. 1902. 2. Jennie S., 



I70 GENEALOGICAL RECORD. 

b. Sept. 26, 1864. 3. Martha Louisa, b. Nov. 29, 
1866; m. Fred A. McFarland, and had Arthur. 

(C). Joseph Henry Shafer m., Oct. 23, 1861, Julia 
R. Ely, who d. Oct., 1876. They had 5 ch. — ^i. Emma 
Louise, b. May 8, 1864; d. April 23, 1893; m., Sept. 22, 

1892, Rev. J. Garland Hamner. 2. Harry Wallace, 
b. July 6, 1867; d. July 2, 1886. 3. Frederick Clif- 
ford, b. 1869; d. in infancy. 4. Wilmot Ely, b. July 
23, 1871; m., July 16, 1906, Miss Wilson, daughter of 
P. P. Wilson, of Pomona, Cal. 5. Jennette Remsen, 
b. May 27, 1874. 

After the death of Julia R., Joseph Henry Shafer 
m., Jan. 3, 1883, Julia Annabel Budd, who d. Oct. 5, 

1893. They had 2 ch. — i. Julia Budd, b. Sept. 11, 1884. 
2. Arthur Malcolm, b. Oct. 13, 1889; d. Feb. 11, 1896. 
On Jan. 19, 1897, Joseph Henry Shafer m. Adelaide 
Margaret Smillie, as his third wife. 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX 



Alford, Edward Little, 168. 

Herbert Watson. 168. 

Nellie Crane. 168. 

W. J.. 168. 

W. J.. Jr., 168. 
Alston, Anna, 164. 

Elizabeth (Arlington), 164. 

William Beach, 164. 
Anness, Edna, 147. 

Edward S., 147. 

Hannah. 147. 

Lydia J., 147. 

Samuel, 147. 
Archer. Jessie Candee, 165. 

Thomas Dick, 165. 
Armstrong, Elizabeth (Swayze), 
137. 

John. 140. 

John, Jr.. 137, 140. 

Lydia. 137. 

Margaret Sarah, 140. 

Mary, 145, 146. 

Nathan, 137, 140, 145, 154, 158. 

Sarah (Stinson), 140. 

Uphamy (Wright), 137, 140, 
154. 

William, 136, 137, 145. 
Ayres, Elizabeth, 139. 

Jacob Cummings, 139. 

Sarah M. (Read), 139. 

Babbitt, Gertrude, 167. 
Backer, Benjamin, 147. 

Clara, 147. 

Daniel F., 147. 

Frank, 147. 

Henrietta, 147. 
Beach. Ann Margaret Savercool, 
142. 

Anna J., 149. 

Caroline B., 149. 

Etnma, 167. 

Frank J.. 149. 

Henry C, 149. 

Henry N.. 149. 

Jennie, 167. 

Josephine, 167. 

Lewis, 167. 

Theodore, 167. 

William, 167. 
Beaver, Sarah, 137. 
Bell, Jacob C, 168. 
Bentley, Catherine Cochran 
(Sayre), 138. 

George Vaughn, 138. 

Katharine Hand, 138. 
Bernhardt. Johan Peter, 135. 

Maria Catrina, 135, 154. 
Berrien, Eliza, 148. 
Berthoud, Alexander P., 163. 



Bird, John H., 162. 

Blair, Hetty Maria (Brown), 138. 

Mary Elizabeth, 138. 

Milton Locke, 138. 
Boenning, Emily Meta, 157. 

Henry C, M. D., 157. 

Henry Dorr, 157. 

William Miller, 157. 
Bowman, Albert, 147. 

Anna Bell, 147. 

Charles Arthur, 147. 

Emma Leonora, 147. 

Eva, 147. 

Henrietta, 147. 

Martha Horton (Stout), 147. 

Richard T., 147. 

Thomas, 147. 
Broadlev, E>mma, 141. 
Brown, Ellen E., 151. 
Budd, Julia Annabel, 170. 
Bunn, Edward L.. 151. 
Bunting. Anna, 144. 

Emma, 144. 

Gershom Coursen, 144. 

John, 144. 
Burbank. Emily Mary, 169. 

Frederick McClellan, 169. 

Dr. Parker McLellan, 169. 

Parker S., 169. 
Burr. Anna M., 138. 

Henry, 138. 

Nancy (Shafer), 138. 

Candee, Content (Woodruff), 164. 

Elizabeth Hannah (Schaef- 
fer), 164. 

Rev. Isaac Newton, D. D., 
154, 164. 

Nehemiah. 164. 
Cary, Ellen, 169. 
Casterline, Hannah Emeline, 158. 

Maria (Dildine), 158. 

Silas. 158. 
Castner, Alexander Berthoud, 162. 

Amanda Euphemia, 161, 163. 

Anna Matilda, 161. 

Anna M., 162. 

Annie Robinson. 162. 

Edmund Burke, 161, 162. 

Edmund Burke, Jr., 162. 

Elizabeth Schaeffer. 161, 162. 

Emma Louise, 161. 

Ida Berthoud, 162. 

Jacob, 161. 

Jacob Randolph, Rev., 154, 
160. 

Jacob R., 162. 

John Calvin Knox, 161, 162. 

John Davis. M. D., 162. 

Lena May, 162. 



174 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



Margaretta, 161, 162. 

Margfaret (Compton), 161. 

Mary C, 162. 

Mary Louisa, 162. 

Mary Welch, 161. 

Minna A., 162. 

Peter, 161. 

Peter Sanford, 162. 

Sarah E., 161. 

Sarah Elizabeth, 162. 

Sarah (Schaeffer), 160. 

Theodore, 162. 

Ulysses Grant, 162. 

William P., 161. 

William Schaeffer, 162. 
Clark, Arthur, 158. 

Benjamin Green, 143. 

Edith Shafer, 143. 

Ella Mabel, 143. 

Frank, 158. 

Jasper Scudder, 143. 

Jennie, 143. 

Leslie, 158. 

Mary Louise, 143. 
Cole, Catharine, 141. 
Comes, Harriet A., 143. 
Condit, Ann Maria, 143. 

Anna Melita, 143. 

David Harold, 143. 

Edwin Hiram, 143. 

Elbert Caryl, 143. 

Elbert Clark, 143. 

Rev. Elbert Nevius, 143. 

Elizabeth Wilson, 143. 

George Hiram, 143. 

Rev. Isaac Hiram, 143. 

James WTiyte, 143. 

Paul Grandin, 143. 

Sarah Linn, 143. 

Rev. Thaniel Beers, 143. 
Cook, Harriet J. (Myers), 159. 

Helen Marguerite, 159. 

Horace Poinier, 159. 

Jabez, 159. 

Madge Estelle, 159. 

Morris Poinier, 159. 
Cooper, Benjamin, 140. 

Elizabeth, 140. 

Letitia (Culpepper), 140. 

Copeland, — , 167. 

Coursen, A. Hampton, 138. 

Almeda. 138. 

Edgar, 158. 

Emma Louisa, 158. 

Enos, 138. 

Ephraim Green, 138. 

George M., 138. 

Isaac Vantile, 158. 

Jessie Stillwell, 138. 

Joseph Hurd, 158. 

Lucilla Linn, 158. 

Mary (Green), 138. 

Mary Burr, 138. 

Phebe (Hurd), 158. 

William Edwin, 158. 
Cox, Margaret, 139. 
Cramer, Charlotte (Hoffman), 161. 

Jessie Louise, 161. 

Matthias, 161. 



Peter Hoffman. 161. 
Crane, Arthur M., 168. 

Charlotte Elizabeth, 168. 

Clifford, 168. 

David Edgar, 167, 168. 

Delinda H., 149. 

Rev. Elias Nettleton, 149. 

Rev. Elias W., 148, 149. 

Eliot Earl, 168. 

Elizabeth, 167, 168. 

Elizabeth Woodruff, 149. 

Pi-ancis White Martin, 168. 

Frederick, 168. 

Frederick Clifford, 168. 

Genevieve Sharp, 168. 

Georgianna, 168. 

Gertrude, 168. 

Hannah Roy, 148. 

Herbert T., 168. 

Isaac Watson, 167. 

Jennie, 168. 

Dr. John, 167, 168. 

John T., 168. 

Laura, 168. 

Louisa, 168. 

Mabel E., 168. 

Margaret Ellen, 168. 

Margaret S., 168. 

Martha W., 149. 

Mary Ann, 167. 

Mary Eleanor, 168. 

Mary E., 168. 

Myra, 168. 

Nellie. 168. 

Ross, 166. 167, 168. 

Sarah, 167. 

Theodore, 168. 

Theodore, M. D., 167, 168. 

Theodore, Jr.. 168. 

Willard P., 168. 

Davis, Anna Castner, 163. 

Charles, M. D., 160. 

Clarence, 168. 

Cora, 168. 

Conrad, 162. 

Edward, 163. 

Ella, 162, 168. 

Prances Gildersleeve, 160. 

Prank. 163. 

Jacob Frederick, 162. 

Jacob W., 168. 

John Power. 162. 

Mary Raymond, 168. 

Rebecca (Johnson), 162. 

Sarah Castner, 162. 

Sarah Parker, 162. 

Sarah (Weller), 162. 

William H., 168. 

William Henry Kirk, M. D. 
163. 
Day, John B., 162. 
Deazley, Augustus, 152. 

David Nesbit, 152. 

James, 152. 

James A., 152. 

Louise Shafer, 152. 

Maria Adeline, 152. 

Mary E., 152. 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



175 



Sarah E., 152. 

Sarah Margaretta, 152. 
DeGroot. Elias B.. 147. 

Ida Maud, 147. 

Joseph Freeman, 147. 
Denis, Adelaide, 160. 

Bertha, 160. 

Eleanor Adelaide, 160. 

Herman L., 159. 

Robert Pinley, M. D., 159. 

Williard Hendric, 159. 
De Noyles, Mattie, 147. 
Dobbins, Carlton, 147. 

Carlton Anness, 147. 

Catharine B. (Milburn), 147. 

John H., 147. 
Donelly, John, 162. 
Doren, Kate, 152. 
Doughty, Thomas E., 162. 
Drake, Nancy, 145, 153. 
Dunlop, Anna Grace, 147. 

Francis, 147. 

Freddie, 147. 

James, 147. 

Margaret Agnes, 147. 

Sarah Isabella, 147. 

Thomas Harry, 147. 
Durfee, Elizabeth, 155. 
Dusenberry, , 167. 

EJdwards, Rev. James Cook, 146, 
149. 

James William, 149. 

John W. 149. 
Ellermeyer, Charles A., 140. 

Mary Louisa, 140. 
Ely, Charlotte, 168. 

Julia R., 170. 
Endean, James, 146. 

Mary A., 146. 

Mary (Matthews), 146, 
Evans, Anne. 169. 

Evan R., 169. 

John McNair, 169. 

Marv Louise Jennette, 169. 

Paul DeMund, 169. 

Winifred Marguerite, 169. 

Fairchild, Amelia L., 166, 169. 
Fear, Florence, 147. 

George, 147. 

Norman, 147. 

Roy. 147. 
Finley, Gertrude Susan, 157. 

James G., 157. 

James Herbert, 157. 

Margaret Graham, 157. 

Nellie, 157. 
Fisher, Herbert G.. 141. 
Forman. Diana, 166. 
Freeman. Catharine C, 148. 

John Ross, 148. 

Gildersleeve, Matilda, 160. 
Golden, Clarissa. 152, 156. 
Gordon, Susie Letitia, 141. 
Grant, Hannah, 138. 
Green, Ellen, 156. 
Enoch, 156. 



Mary (Bidleman), 166. 
Greenmyer, Kate, 153. 
Gruendyke, Floyd, 168. 

Ruth Crane, 168. 
Gunn, John A., 149. 

Margaretta S., 149. 
Gustin, Bernard Owen, 152. 

David, 145, 151, 152. 

George Woodruff, 152. 

Helen, 152. 

John Roy, 151. 

Samuel Insley, 152. 

Sarah Roy, 152. 

Sophie E., 152. 

Susan Margaret, 151. 

Hahn, Sarah (Maag), 154, 156. 

William, 156. 
Haines, George J., 152. 

Sarah Adeline, 152. 

William, 152. 
Halsey, Schuyler, 150. 
Hamner, Rev. J. Garland, 170. 
Hankinson, Elijah, 139. 

Mary C. (Schooley), 139. 

Olive. 139. 
Hardin, Euphemia Caroline, 139. 

George, 139. 

John, 139. 
Harris, Elizabeth (Hoagland), 139. 

George Hoagland, 139. 

Isaac, 139. 

Jennie. 142. 
Hart, Azariah D., 139. 

Ethel M., 139. 

Henry, 139. 

Nathan Henry, 139. 
Havens, A. O. S., 168. 
Hay, Gertrude Eugene, 164. 

James Bruce, 164. 
Hays, Samuel, 150. 
Hazard, Lucretia S., 149. 
Hazen, Aaron, 138. 

Caroline, 138. 

Catharine Raub, 141. 

Edward, 138. 

Elizabeth (Vought), 138. 

Emma Gertrude. 139. 

Gertrude (Kerr), 138. 

Harriet J., 139. 

Lvdia Ann. 139. 

Nathan, 138. 

Nathan Kerr. 138. 

Sarah Elizabeth, 138. 
Hendric, Rebecca, 154. 

Dr. Joseph J., 159. 
Hollowav, Amelia, 143. 
Hooker, Orpha Loretta, 142. 
Hopkins, Alonzo, 148. 

Alphonso, 148. 

Anna, 14S. 

Araminta, 148. 

Elizabeth, 148. 

Dr. George, 148. 

George, 148. 

George G.. 148. 

"Gen.," 148. 

Grace, 148. 

Minnie, 148. 



176 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



Samuel Johnson, 148. 

William, 148. 
Hopping, Eveline, 153. 
Huff. Barnett S.. 139. 

Clarence Read, 139. 

Hannah (Divers), 139. 

Nellie Thompson, 139. 

Ralph Dildine, 139. 
Hulbert, Anna Olivia, 146. 

Hannah B. (Sargeant), 146. 

Joseph, 146. 
Hunt, Dr. David, 145, 150, 159. 

Elizabeth, 150. 

Hannah Margaretta, 150. 

Mercy (Hull), 150, 158. 

Richard, 158. 

Lieut. Richard, 150, 159. 

Sarah, 150. 

Jacoby, Catharine, 142. 
Jarden, Ellen Margaretta, 157. 

Robert Von Leer. 157. 

Walter Hahn, 157. 
Johnson, Amanda. 155. 

Ann Elizabeth, 163. 

Deborah (Willson), 139. 

Elizabeth Bidleman, 156. 

Elizabeth (Drake), 163. 

Eliza Matilda, 148. 

Ellen Green, 156. 

Emily Eliza, 156. 

George White, 156. 

Hannah Margaretta, 148, 149. 

Hannah (Roy). 148. 

Harriet Roy, 148, 149. 

Henry. 155. 

John, 145, 148, 154. 155. 

Laura Catharine, 156. 

Luther, 151. 

Lydia A., 139. 

Margaret Green, 156. 

Margaretta L., 155. 

Maria Catharine 'Schaeffer), 
155. 

Martha, 155. 

Mary Margaretta, 156. 

Mary (Folly). 148. 

Sarah Amanda, 148. 

Sarah Catharine, 155. 

Susanna (Hover), 155. 

Susan Maria, 148. 

Theodore F., 139. 

Walter Whitfield, 156. 

Whitfield Schaeffer, 155. 

Whitfield Schaeffer, Jr., 155. 

William Jefferson, M. D., 155. 

William Kempton, 156. 

William Mindred, 156. 

William Schaeffer, 163. 

Kampen, Caroline (Zurlinden) 162. 

Henry Theodore, 162. 

Rudolph Frederick, 162. 
Kealer, Elizabeth, 164. 
Kennedy, Edgar V., 138. 

Dr. Samuel, 136. 

Sarah, 136. 

Shafer, 136. 

Thomas Jefferson, 136. 



Kerr, Carrie Malvina, 139. 

Euphemia Gertrude, 139. 

Flavel McGee, 139. 

Floyd, 139. 

Frank Leslie, 139. 

George Harris. 139. 

Ira, 138. 

Ira Clinton, 139. 

Isaac Calvin, 139. 

Isaac Read, 138. 

John Wesley, 139. 

Lucy, 139. 

Lydia Jane, 139. 

Nathan Hampton, 139. 

Phebe (Read), 138. 

William Hampton, 138. 

William Stitt, 139. 
Kierstead, Bella, 162. 
Killgore, Alice (Van Syckel), 163, 

Anderson Nelson, 163. 

Charles, 163. 

Edward Winter, 163. 

Louisa (Ficklen), 163. 

Robert Berthoud, 163. 

Robert J., 163. 
Kimber, Sarah Schaeffer, 157. 

Thomas, 157. 
Kirzel, Augustus Miller, 157. 

Carl Henry, 157. 

Rev. Charles J., 157. 

Euphemia Schaeffer, 157. 

Graham Finley, 157. 

Marion Virginia. 157. 

Ralph Frederick, 157. 
Kishbaugh, Lillie, 168. 
Koch, Clara, 157. 
Kretschmann, Herbert Finley, 157. 

Phillip Miller, 157. 

Rev. Theodore Wm., 157. 
Lambias, J. F., 168. 
Larey, Hannah, 147. 
Linn, Elizabeth ( Kirkpatrlck) , 
166. 

John, 158. 

Joseph, 158. 166: 

Martha, 166. 

Martha (Hunt), 158. 

Martha (Kirkpatrick). 158. 

Sarah. 145, 153. 154, 158. 
Little, Elizabeth. 168. 
Logan, George H.. 152. 

Georgia Insley. 152. 

Louise Adeline, 152. 
Losey, Christopher, 152. 

Ebenezer, 151. 

Ebenezer L., 151. 

Edgar, 152. 

Edgar D.. 152. 

Eleazer. 151. 

Eliza, 151. 

Elizabeth, 152. 

Flossie. 151. 

Gustin. 151. 

Harriet H.. 151. 

Hattie. 151. 152. 

Jacob, 151. 

John, 151. 152. 

John H., 151. 

John Jacob, 151. 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



177 



Joseph Insley, 151. 

Kate, 152. 

Lizzie, 151. 

Louise S.. 151. 

Maggie, 152. 

Nellie, 151. 152. 

Nelson Ames, 151. 

Rose, 151. 

Samuel G., 152. 

Sarah, 151. 

Susan E., 161. 

Susan H., 152. 

Thomas H., 151. 
L/Ove, Abi Jane (Andrews), 164. 

Anna Louisa, 165. 

Ida Candee, 165. 

John Adam, 164. 

Newton Burder, 164. 

Newton Meredith, 165. 
Lowery, Elizabeth (.Craig), 162. 

Ellen, 162. 

Clark, 162. 
Lyman, Aaron, 161. 

Electa (Graves), 161. 

Emma Castner, 161. 

Lyndon Graves, 161. 

Mary Castner, 161. 
Lyon, Jemima, 150. 

MacMillan, Casper, 169. 

Donald. 169. 

Margaret, 169. 

Rea, 169. 
Madoc, Maurice Peris, Ap. M. D. 

142. 
Marcellis, Ellen, 151. 
Marriner, Anna Castner, 162. 

Deborah (Maull), 161. 

Rev. George K., 161. 

Gilbert, 161. 
Marsh, Joseph H., 168. 

Margaret Crane, 168. 

Mary H., 168. 
Marshall, Dr. George, 169. 
Martin, Melissa. 168. 
Marvin, George, 167. 

Louise, 167. 
McCarter, George Stuart, 153. 

Louise S., 153. 
McCord. Cornelia Townley, 140. 

Curtis Hulce, 140. 

Hampton Ireneus, 140. 

John, 140. 

Joseph W., 140. 

Margaret Cornelia, 140. 

Marshall Armstrong, 140. 

Mary (Todd), 140. 

William Ellermeyer, 140. 
McFarland. Arthur, 170. 

Fred A., 170. 
McGahan, Mary (Neely), 140. 

Sarah A., 140. 

William, 140. 
McNair, Amelia Anne, 169. 

Anne (Wilkinson), 154. 

Jane, 154. 

Jennie S., 169. 

John W., 169. 

Martha Louisa, 170. 



157. 



William D., 154. 
Menagh, Caroline (Sharp), 163. 

Charles S., 163. 

Hugh, 161, 163. 

Jennie Lavinia, 161. 

Joseph, 161. 

Joseph Heath, 161, 

Lavinia (Heath), 161. 

Lyndon Lyman, 161. 

Mary Emma, 161. 
Miller, Almira. 142. 

Caroline Gildersleeve, 160. 

David, 160. 

E. Augustus, 157. 

Ellen Augusta, 157. 

Emma Louise, 160. 

Emily Josephine, 157. 

Euphemia Schaeffer, 157. 

Euphemia Wright (Schaeffer), 
160. 

Florence, 157. 

Harold Schaeffer, 157. 

Henry, 154, 160. 

Hugh Wilson, 160. 

Ida Virginia, 157. 

Rev. James Edwin, 160. 

"Judge," 142. 

Margaretta Schaeffer, 160. 

Mary Hahn, 157. 

Mildred, 157. 

Paul Van Reed, 157. 

Reuben Beitenmann, 

Sarah Elizabeth, 160. 

Sarah Gertrude, 157. 

William Casper, 157. 
Mosson, Sarah Jane, 139. 
Morris, Annie Lucilla, 159. 

Carrie Linn, 159. 

David Aubrey, 143. 

David Hunt, 150, 159. 

Edward Hunt, 142. 

Emma Cordelia, 150. 

Emma Roy, 142. 

Eva Byington, 142. 

Hannah Margaretta, 

Jonathan Edwards, 142, 150. 

Rev. Jonathan Ford, 150, 159. 

Joseph Euen, 150. 

Laura Adelaide, 150. 

Laura May, 142. 

Margaretta Louise, 142. 

Mary Josephine. 159. 

Mary Louisa. 150. 

Nellie Louise, 159. 

Sarah Adelaide, 159. 

Sarah Elizabeth, 150. 

Sarah Roy (Hunt), 159. 

Sue Ford,' 142. 

William Edward, 159. 

William Melville, 150. 
Morrison, Charles W., 168. 

Theodore Crane. 168. 

Noyes, Charles Somerby, 141. 

Owen, Lucy Northrup, 151. 

Park, Edgar, 168. 
Leonaxd, 168. 



150. 



I '2 



178 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



Ralph, 168. 
Parson, Ethel, 147. 

Gates B., 147. 

Henry, 147. 
Pellet, Fred M.. 152. 

Maude L., 152. 

Obife A., 152. 
Pendreigh, Frank M., 141. 
Perron, Edward, 144. 
Post, Maggie, 150. 
Prichard, Edwin R., 157. 

Edwin Ruthven, 157. 

Helen Elizabeth, 157. 

Mary Gertrude, 157. 

Reuben Miller, 157. 
Primrose, George, 139. 

Samuel H., 139. 

Sarah. 145, 150. 

Tabithy (Hunt), 139. 
Pruden, Annie, 142. 

Mary Elizabeth, 149. 

Rea, Maggie, 169. 

Redding, William Chambliss, 1B2. 

William Chambliss, Jr.. 152. 
Reed, Cynthia (Warner), 155. 

Daniel, 154. 

Ella Louise, 155. 

Lucius Frank, 155. 

Mary Van, 157. 
Rice, Ellsworth, 168. 

Harold DeWitte. 168. 

Kenneth, 168. 

Nancy Elizabeth, 168. 

William H.. 168. 
Richards, Edith, 169. 
Rorke, Grace, 157. 
Ross, Henry Crane, 149. 

Jeremiah, 149. 

Martha J., 152. 
Roy. Alfred, 153. 

Anna Mary, 147. 

Arthur Prescott, 151. 

Austin Owen, 151. 

Bernhardt Shafer, 145, 150. 

Celia, 147. 

Clara, 147. 

Charles Henry, 146. 

Charles Morris, 151. 

Charlotte Louisa, 151. 

David, 153. 

Edna, 147. 

Elias Casper, 147. 

Elias Crane, 146, 148. 

Elmer, 147. 

Elizabeth, 145, 151, 152. 

Elizabeth Susan, 146. 

Frank, 147. 

Frederick Louis, 151. 

George P., 147. 

George Primrose, 151. 

Hannah, 145. 148, 155. 

Hannah Johnson. 146, 147. 

Henrietta, 147. 

James R., 153. 

Joanna Freeman, 148. 

John, 145, 153. 

John Casper, 145. 146, 148. 

John Jacob. 146. 



John, Sr., 145. 
Joseph Insley, 145. 153. 
Joseph John, 146. 
Joseph Morris. 151. 
Joseph Northrup, 151. 
Kate F., 147. 
"Little Stranger," 151. 
Louisa C, 151. 
Lydia Armstrong. 146. 
Mabel Pauline, 147. 
Margaret, 145, 151. 
Margaret (Insley). 145. 
Mary (Armstrong), 146. 
Mary, 145, 146. 
Mary Euphemia, 146. 
Mima May, 147. 
Nathan. 153. 
Rachel Emma, 147. 
Raymond Hulbert, 146. 
Robert Lester Smith, 151. 
Samuel Headley, 146. 
Sarah, 145. 150. 
Sarah Isabella, 147. 
Sarah Morris, 146. 
Seymour, 146. 
Susan, 146. 
William, 146. 
William Clinton, 146. 
Ryerson, Seely, 152. 

Sanderson, Marguerite, 152. 

Sayre, Mary O., 169. 

Schaeffer, Shaffer, Shafer, Shaver. 

Aaron Whitfield, 141. 

Abraham, 135, 154. 

Abraham, Jr., 137. 

Abraham Barnet, 141, 142. 

Abram, 158. 

Abram Edwin, 138, 159, 163. 

Abraham Fairchild, 169. 

Alexander, 137, 167. 

Alexander castner, 159, 160. 

Amanda Margaretta, 156. 

Amelia Matilda, 166, 167. 

Anna, 136. 

Ann Kennedy. 141. 

Archibald, 169. 

Archibald S., 169. 

Rev. Archibald Stinson, 141, 
142. 

Archibald Stinson, 166, 169. 

Arthur Malcolm, 170. 

Benjamin Johnson Lowe, 141, 
142. 

Bentley Sayre, 138. 

Bertha, 164. 

Blanche Murray, 142. 

Casper, 135, 136, 137, 138, 145, 
154, 166. 

Casper, M. D., 154, 156. 

Casper B., 169. 

Catharine, 136. 

Catharine Elizabeth, 141. 

Catharine Rose, 167. 

Cora Isabel, 143. 

David Lee, 143. 

Delilah, 141. 

Edgar Ross, 169. 

Edith Gordon, 141. 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



179 



Edward Terry Hendric, 160. 

Edwin Hampton, 138. 

Elizabeth, 137, 138, 140. 

Eliza Beach, 169. 

Ella Eugenie, 141. 

Elbert Condit, 143. 

Eliza Beach, 169. 

Elizabeth Hannah, 154, 164. 

Emma, 158. 

Emma Elizabeth. 142. 

Emma L., 167. 

Emma Louise 170. 

Euphemia,. 156 157. 

Euphemia Bray, 137, 138. 

Euphemia Wright, 154, 160. 

Fanny Estelle, 141. 

Fanny Margaretta, 164. 

Fanny (Stewart), 163. 

Finley Dawson, 141. 

Florence Nightingale, 141. 

Francis Hazen, 138. 

Frank, 158. 

Frederick Clifford, 170. 

Fred Gustin, 158. 

Frederick Lincoln, 143. 

George, 143. 

George Carlton, 138. 

Gilbert Livingston, 156. 

Hampton Calvin, 138. 

Harry Alston, 164. 

Hannah Jane, 143. 

Harry Talmage, 143. 

Harry Wallace, 170. 

Helen Almira, 142. 

Helen Elizabeth, 142. 

Horatio Linn, 158. 

Howard William, 164. 

Irving Newell, 143. 

Isaac, 135, 137, 140, 166, 167. 

169. 
Isaac Calvin, 141. 
Jehiel Talmage, 141, 143. 
Jennette Remsen, 170. 
Jennie, 141. 
John Casper, 163. 
Jonathan Forman, 166. 
John Joseph, 142. 
John Stewart, 163, 164. 
Joseph Henry 169, 170. 
Rev. JosepTi Linn, D. D., 166. 
Joseph Linn, 158. 
Julia Budd, 170. 
Katharine Bentley, 138. 
Lettie Walsh, 164. 
Lillian Olcott, 141. 
Lizzie May, 164. 
Louisa, 138, 150. 
Louisa Ann, 142. 
Louise Linn, 158. 
Lucilla Linn, 150, 158, 159. 
Lydia (Armstrong), 137. 
Margaret, 137, 143. 
Margaretta, 135, 145, 154. 
Margaret Linen, 138. 
Margaret R., 166, 167. 
Margaretta Roy, 154. 
Maria Catharine, 154, 155. 
Martha Linn, 169. 
Martha Louisa, 158. 



Mary, 137, 169. 

Mary A., 169. 

Mary Adelaide, 159. 

Mary Elizabeth, 158. 

Mary Louisa, 158. 

Marj- Jane, 142. 

May Neilson, 142. 

Miller, 142. 

Morgan Robert, 142. 

Nathan Armstrong, 154. 

Nathan Barnet, 141. 

Nathan Hazen, 138. 

Nellie Morris, 158. 

Peter, 137. 

Peter Bernhardt, 135, 136, 154, 

159. 
Peter B., Jr., 166, 169. 
Raymond, 164. 
Rebecca (Hendric), 159. 
Rebecca Jane, 141, 143. 
Robert Finley, 154. 
Robert Turner, 141. 
Sarah, 137. 154, 160, 164. 
Sarah Ann, 142. 
Sarah Elizabeth, 156, 157 
Sarah Linn, 158. 
Sarah (Linn), 158. 
Simeon Simpson, 137. 
Stockton Halstead, 166. 
Susan Elizabeth, 143. 
Thoma.s Henderson, 166 167 
Thomas Hunt, 141, 142. 
Versilla, 169. 
Victor Fox, 142. 
William, 143, 158. 
William Armstrong, 154, 163. 
William Edwin, 158. 
William Bell, 142. 
Wilmot Ely, 170. 
Winsted Casterline, 158. 
Schlegel, Minnie, 162. 
Scott, Hannah (Judson), 147. 
John T., 147. 
Marion Hannah, 147. 
Truman Anness, 147. 
Truman H., 147. 
Scripture, Hannah May, 143. 
Searles, Elizabeth, 168. 
Frederick, 168. 
Isaac, 168. 
Sharp, Elizabeth K., 168. 
Sharpe, Sophia B., 167. 
Shotwell, Emma E., 168. \^ 
Simpson. Elizabeth, 136. 
Slockbower, Helen, 147. 

Theodore O., 147. 
Smillie, Adelaide Margaret, 170. 
Smith, Edythe, l-±j. 
Snell, George, 168. 
Stewart, Fannie, 154, 163. 
John. 163. 
Sarah (Bird), 163. 
William, 163. 
Stiner, Sarah Elizabeth, 151. 
Stinson, Archibald, 136. 

Jane, 136. 
Sutphin, W. G., 168. 
W. G., Jr., 168. 



i8o 



GENEALOGICAL INDEX. 



Terry, Amelia Jane, 160. 

Deziah, 160. 

John K., 160. 
Thayer, Jessie Esther, 142. 

Thompson, , 167. 

Timmerman, Helen L., 151. 

Louis F., 151. 

Louis F., Jr., 151. 
Trasli, Helene E., 159. 
Trowbridge, Frank G., 164. 

Florence Amelia, 164. 

George S., 164. 
Turner, Elizabeth 137. 140, 141, 
144. 

Mary, 144. 

Rebecca Maria, 144. 

Richard, 137, 143. 

Vail, Rebecca Howie, 159. 

Van Camp, James Voorhees, 139. 

Maria (Coursen), 139. 

Nancy Jane, 139. 
Van Deren, John, 137. 
Van Horn, Leonora A., 139. 

Macrina C. (Jones), 139. 

William G., 139. 
Van Syckel, Aaron, 163. 

Mary (Bird), 163. 
Vought, Jacob, 146. 

Sarah Ann, 146. 

Sarah (Snover), 146. 

Walsh, Elizabeth Frances (Bates), 
164. 
Georgia Emma, 164. 



Josiah, 164. 
Walton, Alice, 167. 
John, 167. 
William, 167. 
Ward, Elizabeth, 158. 
Webb, Caroline F., 167. 
Welsh, Mary, 160. . 

Wheatlev, Harriet (Whittington), 
138. 
John, 138. 
Kate E.. 138. 
Whitaker, Wm. Judson, 141. 
White, Hannah (Haines), 156. 
Maria E., 156. 
Marietta, 168. 
William, 156. 
Whyte, Alice, 142. 

Andrew Condit, 143. 
Andrew Dawson, 143. 
Anna Macldo, 143. 
Elsie, 142. 
Howard, 142. 
Ida Katherine, 142. 
James Richardson, 142. 
Jessie, 142. 
Wilkie, Anna, 149. 
Wilson, Miss, 170. 

P. P., 170. 
Winter, Ida W., 163. 

Jacob Castner, M. D., 163. 
Woodruff, Adeline, 152. 
Wright, Ephraim, 164. 

Margaret (Snell), 164. 
Nettie, 164. 



GLNLRAL INDLX 



Adams, Henry, 77. 

Katy, 77. 
Allamuchy, 53. 
Allen, Benjamin, 129. 
American Seamen's Friend So- 
ciety, 149. 
Amwell Township, Hunterdon Co., 

N. J., 126. 
Anderson, Thomas, 19. 107, 108. 
Arlington. 113. 
Armstrong, Betsey, 103. 

Elizabeth, 109. 

Euphamy, 110. 

E^uphemia, 59. 

Genealogy, 136. 

George, 50. 56, 105. 

Jacob, 56. 

John, 50, 56. 103. 

Judge, 37. 

Lydia, 59. 102. 

Nathan, 6, 56. 110, 127; sketch 
of, 109. 

Polly. 59. 

Rachel. 105. 

Sally, 59. 

Sarah, 110. 

William, 50, 52, 56, 59. 

William Clinton, 6. 109, 111. 
"Armstrong Record," 6, 60, 104, 

109, 111, 127. 
Arrison, Jeptha, 27. 

John, 27. 

Polly, 27, 70. 

Sukey, or Susannah, 28. 

Susan, 27. 
Asbury, N. J.. 62, 127. 
Atlanta, 117, 119. 

Baker, General, 112. 
Balls Bluff, 112. 
Baltimore, Md., 140. 
Baskingridge, N. J., 20, 32, 61, 62, 

70, 100; church of, 54, 
BrsIg 47 

Beatt'ystown, N. J., 161. 
Beavers, 57. 

Elizabeth, 52. 
Euphemia. 105. 
Robert, 54, 
Sallie. 102. 
Bedford. 41. 
Belers, Peter, 40. 
Belvidere, N. J., 63. 
Bergen County, N. J., 156. 
Bernhardt, Johan Peter, 15, 25, 

26, 27, 29, 42; comes to 

America, 25; inscription on 

gravestone, 130. 
Bernharten, El., 131. 



Bethel, Conn., 164. 

Bethlehem, Pa., 55. 

Bible, old German, 46, 47. 

Big Creek Gap, 122. 

Baltimore, Md., Cemetery, 140. 

Black River, 61. 

Blair, John I., 127. 

Blairstown Academy, 111. 

Blairstown, N. J., 127, 139. 142. 

Blue Mountains, 35, 38, 40, 47, 49, 

74. 
Bonnie Brook, 42. 
Boulton, 70. 

Boyd, Rev. John. 50, 104. 
Bray, Euphemia, 59. 
Brooklyn. N. Y., 164. 
Brown, Abia, 13. 
Brownley, Dr., 122. 
Burlington, 11, 13, 29, 30. 
Bushnell, 111., 150. 

California, 155. 
Canada, 120. 

Candee. Rev. Isaac N., sketch of, 
63. 

Sally, 63. 
Carter, President of Williams 

College. 125. 
Carv's Meeting House. 100. 
Cassedy, Mrs., 106. 
Castner, Amanda, 62. 

Anna, 62. 

Edmund, 62. 

Elizabeth, 62. 

Emma. 62. 

Rev. Jacob R., sketch of, 61. 

John, 62. 

Margaretta, 62. 

Mary. 62. 

William, 62. 
Catasauqua, Pa., 161. 
Cat-Pish Pond. 39. 
Cemetery, Baltimore, Md., 140. 

Dunmore, Scranton, Pa., 138. 

Evergreen, Elizabeth, 162. 

Fairmount, Newark, 163. 

Greenwood, Trenton, N. J., 
161. 

Hope, Galesburg, 111., 164. 

Laurel Hill, Philadelphia, 21. 

Mt. Peace, Philadelphia, 162. 

Newton, N. J., 150. 

Stillwater, 130. 

Yellow Frame, 53, 126, 137, 
150, 154. 
Charlestown, S. C, 116. 
Charlotteville, Va., 47. 
Chattahooche River, 119. 
Chattanooga, 119, 120, 122. 



I82 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Chester Co., Pa., 165. 

Chickahominy, 113. 

Church, Christ, at Newton, 110. 

First German Reformed, of 
Philadelphia, 20. 

German, at Stillwater, 106. 

German Reformed, at Still- 
water, 42. 

Hackettstown Presbyterian, 
169. 

Hardwick, 43. 49, 104. 

Music, 76. 

North, of Hardyston, 100. 

Hardyston Presbyterian, 100. 

Presbyterian, at Cochecton, 
N. Y., 162. 

Presbyterian, at Newton, N. 
J., 107, 155. 

Stillwater, 45. 

Upper Hardwick Presbyterian, 
49. 

Yellow Frame. 49, 50, 128, 135; 
sketch of, 48. 
Cincinnati, 123. 
Clark, Abraham, 11. 
Clinton, N. J., 61. 
Coffee, 70. 

Colleg-e of New Jersey, 148. 
Colleton Co., S. C, 123. 
Columbia, 123. 
Columbia, S. C, 116. 
Condit, Rev. Ira, 43, 50, 51, 52, 92. 

Rev. Ira H., 50. 
Congress, Provincial, 10, 11, 12. 
Connecticut, 53, 103. 
Coursen, John, 17. 

Joseph, 60. 

Van Tile, 107. 
Cowell, Ebenezer, 29. 
Cowes, 26. 

Crane, Rev. Elias Nettleton, 
sketch of, 149. 

Rev. Elias W., D. D., sketch 
of, 148, 149. 
Craig, Rev. Dr., 49. 
Crawford County. Pa., 56. 
Crlsman, Margaret, 127. 
Crosby, 69. 

Culpeper, Va.. 114. 115. 
Cumberland Mountains, 122. 
Currituck Sound, N. C, 140. 

Dalton, Ga., 122. 

Dansville, N. Y.. 154. 

Davis, John, 62. 

Davies, Col. J. Mansfield, 112. 

Daughters of American Revolu- 
tion, 14. 

DeMund. Joseph, 59; sketch of, 
104. 

DePew, Mr., 35. 

Deal, England, 9, 26. 

Decatur, 120. 

Declaration of Independence, 
signers of, 11. 

Deed, old parchment, 29. 

Delaware River, 9, 35; navigation 
of, 33. 



Denis, Dr., 61. 

Dennis, Martin R., 42. 

Denver, Col., 159. 

Derrs', Ireland, 140. 

Dillingham, a revolutionary sol- 
dier, 70. 

Dotterer, Jacob, 29. 

Duffy, Capt., 112. 

Dunmore Cemetery, Scranton, 
Pa., 138. 

Dusenburv. Major Henry. 104; 
sketch of, 103. 
Mrs., 59. 

Dutch Meeting House, 18. 

Dwight, President of Yale, 126. 

East Orange. N. J., 162. 
East Town (Easton), 17. 
Edinburgh, University of. 54. 
Edsall, Benjamin B., 35. 
Edwards. Rev. James Cook, 149. 
Elizabethtown, N. J., 104, 148. 
Elizabeth, N. J., 39, 149. 
Elmira. N. Y., 160. 
Etowah River, 121. 
Everett, Dr. Elijah, 53, 104; 

sketch of, 103. 
Evergreen Cemetery, Elizabeth, 

162. 

Fairmount Cemetery, Newark, 

163. 
Fall Mills, 35, 37, 89. 
Finley, Rev. Dr., 20, 32, 61, 70. 
Flanders, N. J., 158. 
Flemington, N. J., 27, 129. 
Forman, Col., 129. 

General David, 126. 
Fort Pitt, 41. 
Fox. Mr., 28. 

Frankford, Sussex Co., 107. 
Franklin, Dr., 84. 
Fredericksburg, Va., Ii3. 
Freehold, N. J., 100, 129. 
Frelinghuysen Township, 109. 
French War, 33. 
Pulton, 28. 

Gaines, N. Y., 142. 
Galesburg. 111., 63, 164, 165. 
Gal way, N. Y.. 63. 
Gaston, Esq., 50. 

Joseph, 103; sketch of, 104. 
Germans, 47; immigration of, 9. 
"Germans, early of N. J.," 

Chambers, 61. 
German Christians, 43. 
German Valley, N. J., 61, 62, 160. 
Germantown, Pa., 26, 135; battle 

of, 126. 
Germany, 9, 25, 29, 74. 
Gettysburg, 113. 
Goble, Margaret, 127. 
Golden. Clarissa. 20, 59. 
Goodman, Walter, 26. 
Graham, Martha, 28. 

Mr., 70. 
Griggs, Capt. George V., Ill, 113, 



GENERAL INDEX. 



183 



114, 115. 
Greeley, Horace, 100. 
Green, Mrs., 55. 

Samuel, 30, 110. 
Greensville, Sussex Co., N J 

138. 
Greenwood Cemetery, Trenton N 

J., 161. ' ■ 

Hackensack, N. J., 6, 100, 156. 
Hackettstown, 63. 

Presbyterian Church, 169. 
Haddonfield, 13, 14; Old Tavern 

at, 14. 
Hahn, Christian, 60. 

Mary, 60. 

Sarah, 20, 60. 

William, 60. 
Haines. Alanson A., 101. 
Hampton, Col. Jonathan, 109. 

Hand, , 70. 

Hankinson, Gen'l Aaron, 39, 50, 
51, 126, 128, 129; sketch of, 
105; grave of, 128. 

Coat of Arms, 129. 

Daniel Thatcher, 128. 

Elizabeth, 127. 

Elliza B., 127. 

Hannah, 128. 

Henry, 127. 

John, 127. 

Joseph, 126, 127, 129. 

Kenneth. 129. 

Nancy, 128. 

Rachel, 128. 

Rachel (Mattison), 126. 

Richard, 129. 

Samuel, 127. 

Sarah, 127. 

Thomas, 127, 129. 

William, 18, 19, 50, 127, 129. 
Hanover, Germany, 140. 
Hardwick, 45, 47, 49, 52, 91, 94, 

99, 102, 103, 104, 105. 
Hardwick Church, 146. 

Early settlers of, 49. 

Patent, 109. 

Township, Sussex Co., N. J., 
10, 29, 48, 55, 99, 100. 
Hardyston, 100. 
"Hardyston Memorial," 101. 
Harper, President, 125. 
Harris Light Cavalry, 111, 112, 

159. 
Harris. W. T.. 125. 
Hart, John, 11. 
Hazen, Esq., 50. 

Ezekiel, 50. 

Thomas. 50. 
Hendrick, Dr., 60. 
Herriott, Sydney, 128. 
Hessian Fly, 70. 
Hessians, settle in Sussex County, 

47. 
Hocks Hill. N. J., 61. 
Holland, 27. 
Holmes, John, 106. 
Hood, General, 122. 



Hope, 49, 53, 54, 103. 

Alexander, 9, 26. 
Hope Cemetery, Galesburg, Ul., 
164. 

Major General, 113. 
Hopkinson, Francis, 11. 
Hopper, Lieut., 116. 
Horseback Riding, 64. 
Hover, John, 107. 

Susannah, 107. 
Howell, Levi, sketch of, 103. 

Governor Richard, 37. 

Hubbard, , 69. 

Hunt, Dr. David, sketch of. 102. 

Elizabeth, 127. 

Martha, 100. 

Richard, Sr., 100. 

Richard, 99, 102. 

Thomas, 18, 19. 
Hurd's Brigade, 129. 
Huron, Dakota, 165. 

Indians, hostilities by, 34. 
Intemperance, 63. 
Ireland, 49. 

Jamaica. L. I., 149. 
James City, Va., 114. 
Jefferson, Thomas, 53. 
Jersey City, N. J., 158. 
Johnsonburg, 49, 52, 53, 54, 105, 

109, 139, 140. 
Johnson. Catharine, 107. 

Charity (Lane), 106. 

Coart, 106. 

David, 107. 

Henry, 52, 108; sketch of, 106. 

Henry, Jr., 107. 

John, 59; sketch of, 106, 107. 

Mrs. John, sketch of, 107. 

Jonathan, 52, 107. 

Laura C, 6. 

Polly, 107. 

Samuel, 107. 

Susan, 107. 

Whitfield Schaeffer, 59, 107, 
108; sketch of, 155. 

William Jefferson, 59, 107, 108. 

William, 107; sketch of, 108. 

William M., 6, 9; sketch of, 
156. 

Susannah, 107. 
Junkin, Rev. Dr., 61. 

Kelsey, Cooper, 128. 
Heni-y C. 128. 
Sarah, 128. 
Kennedy, Dr. Samuel, 50, 53, 54, 
103; sketch of, 52. 
Rev. Samuel, M. D., 52; sketch 
of, 54. 
Kenville, N. J., 147. 
Kerzenheim, Grafschaft Bolan- 

den, Europe, 130, 135. 
Kunekle. Adam, 29. 
Kilpatrick, Lieut. Col., Judson. 

Ill, 112, 113, 114. 
Kimber, Sally Schaeffer, 60. 



i84 



GENERAL INDEX, 



Thomas, 60. 
Kingsbury, Mr., 76. 
Kingwood, Hunterdon Co., N. J., 

126. 
Kittatiny Mountain, 74. 
Knoxville, Tenn., 122. 
Krooise, , 21. 

Lafayette College, 61. 

Ind., 63, 164. 
Lamington, 100. 
Lancaster, 28. 
Lancaster County, Pa., 55. 
Lanning, Esquire, 50. 
Lauterman, William, 28. 
Lawrenceville, N. J., 156. 
Lebanon. Hunterdon Co., N. J., 

108. 
Laddell, Major Commandant Wil- 
liam, 41. 
Lee, General, 113. 
Legislature of New Jersey, first, 

13. 
LeRoy, N. Y., 142. 
Lewes, Del., 62, 161. 
Lexington, Ky., 122, 123. 
Locke, Mrs., 56. 

Capt. Francis, 104. 

John, sketch of, 104. 
Log Gaol, 52. 
London, 25, 29. 
Londonderry, Ireland, 109. 
Loomis, Dr.. 122. 
Love, Mr., 63. 
Lowe, Rev. Benjamin, 50. 
Lower Sandusky, O., 104. 
Liberty Corner, N. J., 61, 161. 
Libby Prison, 116, 159. 
Linn, Alexander. 56. 

Dr., 53, 102. 

Dr. Alexander, 100. 

David, 127. 

Hannah, 56. 

John, 60, 100, 104; sketch of, 
99. 

Joseph, 100. 

Martha, 59. 

Martha (Kirkpatrick), 100. 

Miss, 104. 

Sarah, 60. 

William Alexander, sketch of, 
100. 

Dr. William Helm, 100. 
Llspatone (Elizabethtown), 33. 
Lititz, Pa., 55. 
Livingston, William, 19. 
Lyman, Mary, 62. 

MacCollum, Aaron, 45. 
MacElvaney, Paddy, 69. 
•<McClellan, Major General, 113. 
McCollough. Mary, 127. 

Col. William, 127. 
McDowell, Major General, 113. 
McGee, Rev. William C, 50. 
McKinley, President, 156. 
Macon, Ga., 116, 119. 
Madison, Mrs., 28. 



President, 28. 
Mansfield, N. J., 61, 62. 
Manning, Captain, 100. 
Marietta, 119. 

Marksboro, 37, 109, 139, 146. 
Marriner, Anna, 62. 

Rev. George, sketch of, 62. 

Margaretta. 62. 
Martin, Col. Ephraim, 39. 
Mays Landing, 62. 
Mead, General, 113. 
Meadville, Pa., 56. 
Mendham, N. J., 146, 147. 
Merckle. Esquire, 39. 

Lizzie, 106. 

Mrs., sketch of, 106. 
Middlesex County, England, 129. 
Middletown Point, 101. 
Miller. E. Augustus, 21. 

Elizabeth, 61. 

Ellen Augusta, 60. 

Emma, 61. 

Euphemia, 60. 

Henry, 61, 62. 

Major, 61. 

Margaretta, 61. 

Marv Hahn, 60. 

Hon. Jacob W., 61. 

Rev. James Edwin, sketch of, 
61. 

Ruben B., 60. 

Sarah Gertrude, 60. 

William Casper, 60. 
Monmouth, battle of, 70, 129. 
Monmouth County, N. J., 128, 129. 

Militia. 129. 
'•Monticello," 107. 
Moravians, 54. 
Morristown, N. J., 15, 39, 61, 146, 

147. 
Morris County. N. J., 26, 39, 146. 
Mosby, Captain, 113. 
Mt. Peace Cemetery, Phila- 
delphia, 162. 

Nashville, 122. 

Navy Yard. Brooklyn, N. Y., 149. 

Nazareth, Pa., 55. 

Nelson, William, 6. 

Nettingen, Westphalia, Prussia, 

162. 
Newark. N. J., 124, 159, 161, 162, 

164. 
Newell, Ex-Governor William A., 

129. 
Newton. N. J., 10, 19. 48. 49, 52, 

100, 101, 102, 106, 107, 108, 

138. 139, 141. 142. 155. 156, 

159, 1G2. 163; selected as 

County seat, 48. 
Newton Collegiate Institute, 111. 

Presbytery, 46. 
New Brunswick, 13, 88. 
New Egypt, N. J., 61. 
New Hampton. Hunterdon Co., 

N. J., 103, 104. 
New Jersey. 12, 14. 
"New Jersey as a Colony and 

State," Lee, 13. 



GENERAL INDEX. 



185 



New Jersey Herald, 49. 
New Utrecht, L. I., 168. 
New Vernon, N. J., 149. 
New York City, 33, 155. 163. 
Nice, Lieut., 116. 
Nixon, Catliarine, 30. 
Northampton Co., Pa., 56. 
Northport, N. Y., 162. 
Norwalk, Conn., 159. 

Oberlin College, 125. 
Oberlin, O., j-^-i, 142. 
Ohio, 27. 

Olden, Governor, 156. 
Oxford Furnace, 38. 

Palatinate, 9, 135. 

Palatines, 26. 

Palmer, Alice Freeman, 124. 

Dr., sketch of, 103. 

Dr. Henry, sketch of, 53. 
Fancoast, 28. 
Paris, Peace of, 34. 
Paterson, N. J., 153. 
Paulina, 38. 
Paulinskill, 26, 35, 38, 47, 49; 

navigation of, 32. 
Pennsylvania, 9. 

Gazette, 48. 

Land Co.. 29, 48. 
Peoria, 111.. 63, 164, 165. 
Peppard, Rev. Francis, 50, 51. 
Peterson, Thomas, 13. 
Pettit, Isaac, 18. 

Jonathan, 48. 
FTung-stadt, Europe, 131. 
Philadelphia, 10. 20, 26, 28. 29, 
33. 72. 103, 135, 157; Classls 
of, 20; Presbytery of, 20. 
Phillipsburg, N. J., 61, 156. 
Pittsburgh, 28. 
Plumsteadville, Pa., 61. 
Plymouth, 111., 165. 
Pomona, Cal., 170. 
Poolesville, Md., 112. 
Presbyterian Church, Newton, 166. 
Princeton, 13, 100. 

College, 149. 

Theological Seminary, 20, 61, 
62. 63, 148, 149. 
Provincial Congress, 11, 12. 
Puerta Plata, Santo Domingo, 159. 

Rahway. N. J., 167. 

Rapahannock River, 116. 

Rapidan, 113, 114. 

Reading. John, 30. 

Readington, Hunterdon Co., N. J., 

106. 
Redstone country, 28. 
Reed. Bowes, 19. 
Reeder, James, sketch of, 105. 
Republican National Convention, 

156. 
State Convention, 156. 
Revolutionary War. 39. 
Richmond, 113, 116. 
Ridgefield, Conn., 164. 



Rochester, N. Y., 142. 

Rock Creek, O., 142. 

Roseville, N. J., 159. 

Rotterdam, 9, 26. 

Rowlands Mills, N. J., 126, 129. 

Rowley. Conn., 138. 

Roy, Bernhaidt Schaeffer, 58. 

Betsey, 58. 

Hannah, 58, 107. 

John, 61, 58. 

John Casper, 58. 

Joseph. 58. 

Margaret A., 17. 

Margaretta, 43, 58. 

Mary Caroline, 18. 

Pegg>-. 58. 

Polly, 58. 

Sally, 58, 103. 

Susan, 58. 

"Uncle," 90. 
Runkle. Mr., 46. 
"Rupp, Collection of 30.000 names 

of Germans," etc., 26. 
Rusling, Gershom, 127. 

General James F., 126. 

Sandyston Township, 126. 
Savannah, 120. 
Saxony, 79. 

Schaeffer. Shaffer, Shafer, Shaver. 
Abraham, 15. 17, 18. 19, 20, 30, 

58, 60, 94, 110; will of, 43; 
military record of, 41; sketch 
of. 101. 

Abraham. Jr., Military Record 
of. 41. 

Adelaide, 61. 

Almira Miller, 124. 

Amanda Margaretta, 60. 

Anna. 53. 58. 

Annie, 54. 

Archibald S., 59. 

Rev. Archibald Stinson, 124; 
sketch of, 142. 

Capt. Alexander C. 61, 123; 
war experiences of. 111. 

Betsey, 58. 

Casper. 5. 9. 10. 13, 15. 26, 29. 
30. 42. 43, 44, 47, 48, 49; 
emigrates from Palatinate, 
9; settles in Stillwater, 10, 
30; is naturalized, 44; tavern 
keeper. 48; -member of 
County Committee of 
Safety, 10; member of Pro- 
vincial Congress. 11; mem- 
ber of Assembly. 13. 44; ser- 
vices of sons In Revolution, 
15; death of. 43; inscription 
on headstone, 16; will of. 
17; character of, 15, 92. 

Rev. Casper, M. D., 5, 6. 20, 

59, 95. 99; author of Rem- 
iniscences, 5; sketch of, 20; 
children of. 60. 

Casper B.. 47. 
Casper Bernhardt, 29. 
Catharine, 17. 



1 86 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Catrin, 18. 

Edwin, 63. 

Elizabeth, 69. 

Euphemia Miller, 60. 

Euphemia W., 59. 

Finley, 21, 71, 59. 

Gilbert Livingston, 60. 

Halstead, 21. 

Helen A., president of WeUes- 
ley College, sketch of, 124. 

Homestead, description of, 31. 

Isaac, 15, 17, 18, 19, 57, 58, 59, 
78, 88, 104; military record 
of, 39; sketch of, 101. 

John, 63. 

John S., 5. 21. 

Joseph, 60. 

Rev. Joseph L., 50; sketch of, 
100. 

Katy, 58. 

Louisa, 60. 

Lucilla, 60. 

Margaretta, 58, 63, 69, 74. 

Margaretta R., 59. 

Maria Catherine, 59. 

Maria Catrina, 43. 

Mary, 18, 60. 

Nathan, 68, 91, 94. 

Nathan A., 44, 59; sketch of, 
60. 

Peggy, 58, 59. 

Peter B.. 15, 17,18. 19, 35. 40. 
43, 44, 50, 53, 54, 58, 59, 60, 
94, 104, 111; military record 
of, 59. 

Polly, 58. 

Robert Finley, 59. 

Sarah, 43, 59. 91. 

Sarah Armstrong, 20. 

Sarah Catharine, 59. 

Sarah Elizabeth, 60. 

spelling of name, 6, 78. 

Stinson, 58. 

William, 60, 62, 71. 

William A., 44, 59. 
School House at Stillwater, legacy 

to, 18. 
Schooleys Mountain, N. J., 161. 
Scotland, 49, 54. 
Scranton, Fa., 138. 
Sedgwick. Kansas, 158. 
Seely, Col. Sylvanus, 39. 
Senn, Rev. Jacob, 76, 106. 
Shad, caught in Paulinskill, 35. 
Shakopee, Minn., 61. 
Shamokin, Pa., 27. 
Shepperd, Gasper (Casper Schaef- 

fer), naturalization of, 44. 
Sherman, General, 117, 119, 120, 

121. 
Sherwood, Rev. Jonathan, 50. 
Ship, "Queen Elizabeth," 9, 26, 
135. 

"Robert and Alice," 26. 

"St. Mark," 26. 
Singing school, 66. 
Slaverv, 75. 
Smedley, John. 127. 



Smithtown. N. J., 149. 

Smith Co., Va., 61. 

Snyder, Mary, 126. 

Somerset Co., 55. 

Somerville, 55. 

Southard, Aaron, 128. 

South Charleston, O.. 140. 

South Church, Morristown, N. J., 
149. 

Sparta, 61, 100. 

Spain. 79. 

Springfield, N. J., 148. 
Ohio, 140. 

Steeleville, Pa., 164. 

Stewart, Col. Charles, 37. 
Fanny, 62. 
Col. John, 107. 

Stillwater, N. J., 5, 10, 20, 21, 26, 
27, 28. 29, 30, 38, 39, 41, 42, 
48, 60, 61, 63, 68, 71, 72, 73, 
74. 77, 79, 83, 84, 86, 94, 100, 
101, 104, 105, 106, ni, 126, 
135, 136, 137, 143, 154. 158. 
159, 163; grave yard at, 130; 
geographical features of, 38; 
domestic animals of, 78; 
birds of, 84. 

Stinson, Judge, 57. 

St. Louis, Mo., 124. 

Stockton, Richard, 11. 

Stroudsburg, Pa., 61. 

Stuart, Daniel, sketch of, 106. 

Succasunna, N. J., 146. 

Sunbury, Pa., 27. 

Sussex Bank, 60. 

Sussex County, 5, 13, 26, 27, 42, 
53. 99, 104, 106, 110, 127; first 
court in, 48; courts, 53; 
Committee of Safety, 10. 

"Sussex Co. Centenary," Edsall, 
48. 

Sussex Court House, 17, 107. 

"Sussex and Warren Counties. 
History of," 94. 

Swartzwelder, Mrs., 76. 89. 

Swayze, Miss, 59. 

Talbot, Dean, 125. 

Tavern keeping, 48. 

Taylors Falls, Minn., 61. 

Taylor, President of Vassar, 125. 

"Tehoenetcong," 26. 

Terry and Shaffer, Mercantile 
Co., 123. 

Thatcher, Rev. Mr., 51, 92. 

Thomson, Mark, member of con- 
gress, 37; military record 
of, 37. 

Trenton, N. J., 13, 29, 41, 62. 125. 
155. 156, 162. 

Turner, Miss, 101. 

Union College, 63. 
United States Ford, 116. 
Upper Hardwick, 17. 
United States Christian Commis- 
sion, 149. 
Utlca, N. Y., 163. 



GENERAL INDEX. 



lb/ 



Vail, Rebecca, 60. 
Van Campen's, 75. 
Van Deren, John, 107. 
Van Est, Ann, 107. 
Van Horn Farm, 53. 
Virginia, 28. 
Voorhees, Governor, 156. 

Walterboro, S. C, 123, 160. 
Warren Co.. 57, 149. 

Militia, 169. 
Warren, Pa., 62, 162. 
Washington. 123. 

D. C, 29, 47, 112. 

General, 70, 127. 

N. J., 61, 62, 127, 155, 161. 
Water Gap, 49. 
Wellesley College, 124. 
West Jersey Proprietors, 29. 
Whiskey Insurrection, 41. 
White, Brigadier General Anthony 
Walton. 41. 



White Marsh, 26. 

"Wicke's Medical History of N. 

J.," 54. 
Wilkesbarre, 105. 

Wilson, , Master, 26. 

Windemuth, George, 44. 

John George, 42; Inscription 
on grave stone, 131. 
Wintermute, 34. 

Family history of, 42. 

J. P., 42. 

"Old Uncle," 26, 29. 

Peter, 41, 42. 
Witherspoon, John, 11. 
Woodhull, Rev. Dr., 100. 
Wright, Euphamy, 109. 

Euphemia, 56. 

Yellow Frame, 146. 

Cemetery, 41, 53, 126, 137, 150, 

154, 163, 166. 
Church, 128, 135; sketch of, 
49. 



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